Uzothini inhliziyo ECG? izimpawu zokugula

Igama elithi "ECG" lumelela igama elithi "electrocardiogram". A irekhodi sokuqhafaza inkanuko inhliziyo kagesi.

Izibilini nenhliziyo yomuntu has pacemaker lalo. pacemaker itholakala ngokuqondile ATRIUM kwesokudla. Le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi engeyokuqala itheku. Impulse ukuthi livela le-node, ngokuthi umuzwa itheku (futhi kuyokusiza wokufunda lokho ngeke ECG). Lo mthombo pulses enhliziyweni ngokwayo yenza amaza kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathunyelwa uhlelo Umqhubi. Impulses kubantu ngaphandle isifo senhliziyo, conduction inhliziyo idlule ohlelweni njalo ngezikhathi ezithile. Zonke pulses aphumayo alotshwe futhi uboniswa eteyipini cardiogram.

Kule kusobala ukuthi ECG - electrocardiogram - is imidwebo amaza kwenhliziyo uhlelo kubhaliswe. Ukuthi ECG sizobonisa izinkinga ngenhliziyo? Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyindlela enhle kakhulu futhi esheshayo ukuveza noma isifo senhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-electrocardiogram iyona eyisisekelo kunazo indlela ekukhombeni zokugula e Ihlahlubo iziyo ahlukahlukene.

ECG apharathasi wadala eyiNgisi A. Waller emuva ngeminyaka yoma kwekhulu XIX. Eminyakeni engu-150 eyalandela, umshini ukuqopha umsebenzi kagesi zenhliziyo, usebhekene ushintsho kanye ngcono. Nakuba isimiso wokusebenza ayikashintshi.

ambulensi Modern ngempela unikezwe amayunithi ephathwayo ECG, lapho ufuna ngokushesha kakhulu wenze electrocardiogram, saving time eziyigugu. Ngosizo le ECG Ungabeka ngisho umuntu sitholakale. ECG sizobonisa izinkinga ngenhliziyo acute isifo senhliziyo ukuba isilethikusebenza. Kulezi zimo, akukho isikhathi ukulahlekelwa, futhi ngenxa yalokho isikhathi sokwenza cardiogram kungasindisa ukuphila.

Odokotela angama ngokwabo wokufunda i-tape electrocardiogram esimweni izifo sibi, uma umshini kubonisa isifo senhliziyo, ngaleso sikhathi, kuhlanganise inhlabamkhosi, ngokushesha athwale isiguli esibhedlela, lapho khona usizo esiphuthumayo zizonikezwa ngokushesha. Kodwa uma izinkinga esibhedlela esiphuthumayo akudingekile, konke kuxhomeke kulokho kuyoba Electrocardiogram.

Kwezinye izimo, liqoke electrocardiogram

Uma umuntu likhona ngezansi izimpawu ezichazwa, le wenhliziyo oyiqondisayo ku-electrocardiogram:

• umlenze uvuvukele;
• yokufikelwa;
• babe iphika;
• ubuhlungu sternum, ubuhlungu emuva, ubuhlungu entanyeni.

ECG ngempela inikezwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngoba inhlolovo, abantu belungiselela ukuhlinzwa, behlolwa.

Futhi, ECG Imiphumela ziyadingeka esimweni uhambo esibhedlela noma uma ufuna avumele noma yimuphi zemidlalo.

Ukuze kuvikelwe futhi uma umuntu akanayo izikhalazo, odokotela batusa ukuthatha i electrocardiogram kanye ngonyaka. Ngokuvamile kungasiza ukuhlola isifo senhliziyo, asymptomatic.

Uzothini ECG

Eteyipini ngokwayo ECG ingase ibonise iqoqo amazinyo, kanye untengantenga. Lezi prongs amelela ofeleba P, Q, R, S noT Ngo sokuqonda nakuhlolayo wenhliziyo futhi decodes ububanzi, ukuphakama amazinyo, ubungako bawo, ashiye tikhala therebetween. Ngokusho la izinkomba, ungakwazi ukunquma isimo jikelele we imisipha yenhliziyo.

Ngosizo i electrocardiogram kungathola ezihlukahlukene izifo zenhliziyo. ngabe ECG sizobonisa yinhliziyo? Yiqiniso, yebo.

Yini enquma i electrocardiogram

• Kwenhliziyo - Izinga Inhliziyo.
• I isigqi zenhliziyo.
• Senhliziyo.
• Arrhythmia.
• Ggipertrofiya ventricles.
• izinguquko Ischemic futhi kardistroficheskie.

Ekudumazekeni kakhulu futhi sina uphethwe ku ECG - lena isilethikusebenza. Ngo sitholakele ECG esivimba amanzi linendima ebalulekile, ngisho ehamba phambili. Nge cardiogram Kutholwe endaweni necrotic futhi kwasendaweni izilonda ingxenye inhliziyo ukujula. Futhi, lapho ehumusha ECG itheyiphu ingaze abuye ahlukanisa phakathi acute isilethikusebenza futhi isifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo kusukela izibazi esidlule. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi ukudlula ngihlolwa kubalulekile ukwenza cardiogram ngoba udokotela kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ECG sizobonisa.

Ngokuvamile, ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo is ngqo exhumene inhliziyo. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. Senhliziyo simo singenzeka kunoma yimuphi umzimba. Ngezinye izikhathi wamaphaphu esivimba amanzi (wamaphaphu izicubu lapho befa ngokuphelele noma ingxenye uma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi).

Kube infarction cerebral (ngamanye unhlangothi ischemic) - befa ubuchopho izicubu, ezingavikelekile ezingase zibe imbangela thrombosis noma ukudabuka yegazi cerebral palsy. Lapho infarction cerebral inganyamalala ngokuphelele noma ulahlekelwe imisebenzi efana inkulumo, ukunyakaza ngokomzimba futhi ukuzwela.

Uma umuntu ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo kwenzekani emzimbeni wakhe sifa noma ophilayo izicubu necrosis. Umzimba ulahlekelwa ingxenye yezitho zomzimba noma igatsha, futhi ukwenza imisebenzi lowo mzimba.

isilethikusebenza - Ofayo noma ischemic necrosis izingxenye ngokuqondile noma ingxenye imisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa nhlobo noma ngokwengxenye kokuphakelwa kwegazi. Senhliziyo esilimele amaseli ziqala ukuba bafe ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-20-30 emva kwegazi izitobhi. Uma umuntu kwenzekani isilethikusebenza, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwegazi. Ngaleso sizathu, enye imithambo yegazi noma ngaphezulu behluleka. Ezimweni eziningi isifo senhliziyo kwenzeka ngenxa isitsha occlusion thrombus (zingcwecwe atherosclerotic). Izoni ka infarct kobukhulu incike ukuphazamiseka sitho, isib, infarction olubanzi esivimba amanzi noma microinfarction. Ngakho, musa ukufunda ngokushesha awela yithemba uma ECG ikhombisa yinhliziyo.

Lokhu abe usongo nokuqhutshwa lonke uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yomzimba futhi ukuphila kusengozini. Esikhathini esiyiminyaka yesimanje, ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo ziyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa phakathi kwabantu emazweni asethuthukile.

izimpawu yinhliziyo

• Isiyezi.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumoya.
• Ubuhlungu entanyeni, baphendula ihlombe ngenkani, okungase ezinikezwe emuva, ndikindiki.
• izithukuthuku ebandayo.
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, umuzwa ukuphelela.
• Umuzwa yobunzima esifubeni.
• Isilungulela.
• Khwehlela.
• ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona.
• Ukungakuthandi ukudla.

Izimpawu eyinhloko isilethikusebenza

1. ubuhlungu obukhulu enhliziyweni.
2. Ubuhlungu esingavunyelwe sinqanyuliwe ngemva nitroglycerin.
3. Uma ubude ubuhlungu imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-15.

Izimbangela ukuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo

1. Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.
2. Rheumatism.
3. Yesifo senhliziyo azalwa naso.
4. Ngifundise ngesifo sikashukela.
5. Ukubhema, ukukhuluphala.
6. Umfutho ophakeme wegazi.
7. Vasculitis.
8. Viscosity okwandisiwe igazi (thrombosis).
9. umlando ezedlule esivimba amanzi.
10. zibe kabi ukuxhumelela imithambo yenhliziyo (isib, i-cocaine reception).
11. ushintsho olumayelana nohlelo ubudala.

ECG futhi ikuvumela ukuba ukuhlonza ezinye izifo, ezifana tachycardia, arrhythmia, iziyaluyalu ischemic.

arrhythmia

Yini ongayenza uma ECG yabonisa arrhythmia?

Arrhythmia kungenziwa libhekene izinguquko eziningi e kwenhliziyo ukunciphisa.

Arrhythmia kubhekwa isimo lapho kukhona okungavamile inhliziyo isigqi kwenhliziyo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu zokugula kuyinto ephawulekayo ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo; isiguli ngokushesha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo ke kancane. Ukwanda waphawula phakathi ugqozi nokuncipha - uma exhale.

angina

Uma isiguli kuyagcinwa iziqephu ubuhlungu ngaphansi breastbone noma ngakwesobunxele ke isandla sakhe sobunxele, engahlala imizuzwana embalwa, kodwa kungathatha imizuzu engu-20, i-ECG sizobonisa angina.

Ubuhlungu ngokuvamile nakakhulu lapho ephakamisa esindayo, esindayo kokuvivinya umzimba, lapho bengena abandayo kanye ingashabalala uphumule. Encishisiwe izinhlungu ezifana imizuzu 3-5 ngenkathi ethatha nitroglycerin. Isiguli sinelungelo isikhumba eliphaphathekile futhi iba ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile esibangela ukuphazamiseka inhliziyo.

Angina - lokhu ingenye izinhlobo isifo senhliziyo. Ngokuvamile ukuxilonga angina kunzima ngempela, ngoba ukuhlukahluka okunjalo Ungase futhi kuzokwenzeka uma nezinye pathologies inhliziyo. Angina kungenzeka eminye kuholele ukumelwa inhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi.

tachycardia

Abaningi bakhathazeke kakhulu uma bezwa ukuthi ECG yabonisa tachycardia.

Tachycardia - kwenhliziyo uphumule. I isigqi wenhliziyo tachycardia ongafinyelela afinyelela ku 100-150 ngomzuzu. Lokhu zokugula kungavuka abantu babo bonke ubudala, kuyilapho nokuphakamisa izinsimbi noma umsebenzi okusezingeni eliphezulu ngokomzimba, kanye ukuqhanyelwa eqinile psycho-ngokomzwelo.

Noma kunjalo, tachycardia kubhekwa Cishe akusona isifo kodwa uphawu. Kodwa-ke akukho ngaphansi yingozi. Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kungase kungabi isikhathi ukugcwalisa ngegazi, elibuye kuholela ukwehla igazi okukhipha futhi yokushodelwa umoya emzimbeni, futhi imisipha yenhliziyo ngokwayo. Uma tachycardia isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, kungaholela ukuphazamiseka okwengeziwe emsebenzini imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo ukwanda usayizi inhliziyo.

Izimpawu sici tachycardia

• Isiyezi, yokufikelwa.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• Ukuphelelwa ngumoya.
• ukukhathazeka Eliphakeme.
• Umuzwa kwenhliziyo.
• ukuhluleka Inhliziyo.
• Ubuhlungu endaweni esifubeni.

Izimbangela tachycardia kungaba: isifo senhliziyo, izifo eziningi, ukuchayeka anobuthi, izinguquko ischemic.

isiphetho

Manje kukhona izifo eziningi ezahlukene inhliziyo, okuyinto kungase kuhambisane nezimpawu buhlungu futhi kube buhlungu. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukwenza uphethwe, kutholakale imbangela yenkinga futhi uqede ke uma kungenzeka.

Kuze kube manje, aqhube electrocardiogram iyona kuphela indlela ephumelela e sitholakele pathologies inhliziyo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ayinangozi ngokuphelele nengebuhlungu. Le ndlela kufanelekile bonke - kokubili ngabantwana nangabantu abadala, kanye nokuba ezingabizi, ephumelelayo futhi kakhulu ulwazi, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu izimo zokuphila kwanamuhla.