Uyini lens? ukuhlaziywa enemininingwane

Isihloko uchaza ukuthi lens ezinjalo, wasebenzisa zazo, lapho kudingeka khona, futhi ngokukhethekile optical futhi contact lens.

Ukuthuthukiswa isayensi

Ngazo zonke izikhathi, kwakukhona nalabo ababenesithakazelo isakhiwo zezwe kanye nezimo zemvelo kweqiniso. Ikakhulukazi ukunakwa komuntu edonsela esibhakabhakeni kanye izinkanyezi. I izibonakude wokuqala yasungulwa Ephakathi, futhi ukubukeka kwazo kwaba Imivubukulo eminingi etholakale yezinkanyezi. It nomthelela ngisho into efana ukuthuthukiswa imboni ingilazi, futhi lens ethile. Cishe eminyakeni efanayo ke yasungulwa futhi nangezibonakhulu kuqala, okuyinto ngokuqhubekayo ngcono basiza ososayensi ukwazi izimfihlakalo macrocosm. Ngakho lokho lens ahlelwe, ezisetshenziswa futhi yini edingekayo? Kulesi siyowuqonda.

definition

Ngokwesinye isikhulu amagama lens - iyingxenye impahla esobala nge evele ezimbili okuyinto refract imisebe yokukhanya. Basuke ikhiqizwa ngengilazi, epulasitiki noma ezinye izinto ezifanayo-optical. Futhi, inkulumo ethi kungase futhi kube esebenza nezinye izenzakalo, isib, uzibona lens, lens echibini komhlaba njll Kodwa ingabe thina ukubhekana ngayo optical. Uyini lens, sixoxe, kodwa zisebenza kanjani?

Lonke iphuzu ezindaweni zawo. Ngamafuphi nje, omunye ezindaweni zawo iqoqa ukukhanya, kanti eyesibili ngenxa ezakheke refracts ke. Noma okuphambene nalokho. Futhi, inqubo enjalo kungase kuhileleke kanye izinhlangothi ezimbili: elilodwa, ukuthatha, dissipates, kanti eyesibili eqoqwe ngendlela Bun, njll

Nge zoom lens, cishe ajwayelekile kubo bonke, ikakhulukazi abafana, ngubani ekubuthweni ehlobo ngokukhanya, yaba indawo encane futhi kushisa. Futhi by the way, leli qiniso ezithakazelisayo wukuthi le ndlela umlilo kuyakhulunywa yekudlala "Namafu" Aristophanes ', eyaqala ngonyaka 424 BC. e. Ngaphansi koMbuso waseRoma futhi lasetshenziswa kuqala indlela yombono ukulungiswa usebenzisa lens: i uNero uMbusi Ubuke Gladiator izimpi ngokusebenzisa ngilugweda emeralds. Mhlawumbe, yena waba eduze ababona ngokucacile. Ngakho manje siyazi ukuthi lens.

ngezigaba

isisekelo Technical yezenzo zabo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili - ekusakazekeni nokubuthanela. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa labo lapho phakathi mkhulu kunokhalo emaphethelweni, kanti eyesibili yalabo abanhliziyo imiphetho mkhulu phakathi. Lenchazelo sisebenza kuphela ku-okulula uhlobo yabo.

Futhi libhekene amandla ako-optical, okuyinto ulinganiswa diopters, futhi ubude ebalulekile. Kodwa uyini focus lens?

Ukukhuluma nje, kuba iphuzu lapho uya imisebe yokukhanya abadlule enqamula lens. A elithi "ubude ebalulekile" libhekisela ubude kusukela maphakathi optical lens indawo focus. Lokhu kungachazwa ngokuthi isibonelo umdlalo zezingane khulu futhi ilanga: ukuba imisebe zokugcina bahlangana hot spot, udinga ukuthola yebanga elifanele phakathi ukukhanya kanye ebusweni. Iphinde kubonakala lapho izibuko - uma zoom kakhulu ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kusukela iso, isithombe uzobe anyakaza. Ngakho manje siyazi ukuthi focus lens.

izicelo

Nge kokutholakala kungenzeka zishintsheke nombono yokukhanya ngamehlo (zoom) abantu ngokushesha sihlolwe izimo zawo. Konke kwaqala ngezibonakude elula izibonakude. Futhi zokugcina isikhathi eside kwaba inkomba yokuthi isimo ukaputeni womkhumbi noma umcwaningi, njengoba izindleko imali eningi futhi avame yayihlotshiswe ngamatshe ayigugu nezinsimbi.

Kamuva lokuqala nangezibonakhulu uvumele asembulele macrocosm. Nokho, amanye amamodeli wamanje, wenza ku kumba uhlobo lens Cishe sintula. Kodwa zikuvumela ukwakha ngakuthathu izithombe bitmap lezinto ezincane.

amadivaysi abahlukahlukene abanamalensi nazo iyingxenye ebalulekile ezweni lanamuhla: basuke emakamelweni Funny, isithombe videoapparatov, ngisho abavamile umnyango amehlo aqukethe lens. Kodwa sebenzisa indlela hhayi ukwandisa, kodwa kunalokho, bahlakazwa kwangasala ukukhanya, lapho ukuvulwa encane ikuvumela ukuba ubone wonke ukufika.

Futhi, lapho umbuzo lokho kuyinto lens optical, ingasaphathwa izibuko. Le divayisi elula yasungulwa Ephakathi futhi sishintshe kancane kakhulu, kodwa ukuphila kulula kakhulu abantu ongaboni. amaphetheni wabo wokuqala yasekuqaleni zazisetshenziswa eRoma lasendulo, kodwa ngemuva kwaloko bekufanele nje izingcezu oluyisicaba ingilazi nge shape convex noma phakathi, okuyinto akuvamile kusetshenziswa, isibonelo, ukufunda noma ukutadisha izinto ezikude.

ukuthintana

Kodwa yini isithixo lens contact? yokusebenza yabo isimiso kuyafana ezivamile, kodwa ubukhulu lincane kakhulu. Basuke eyenziwe ngepulasitiki esithambile futhi sezigugile ngqo ku-cornea. Naphezu kokuba phezu izibuko ezivamile, abayiqhuba ngokuphelele njengoba babebikezele abasunguli. Lezi lens nzima "Hlomisani", badinga ukunakekelwa njalo futhi eside egqoke amehlo ukhathele futhi ucasukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphila service amaphuzu kancane abavamile, futhi intengo ngezinye izikhathi ephakeme.