Uyini-jellyfish enobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni?

I iholide eside elindelwe phezu kolwandle ngezinye izikhathi ibe inkumbulo ezingemnandi, okuyinto iphutha umhlangano jellyfish. nezidalwa zasolwandle, ehlanganisa 98% ketshezi, kunzima ukucabangela emanzini, ngakho xhumana ne ngokuvamile kwenzeka engaqondile futhi kungaba nemiphumela ngempela esiphuthumayo sokuba abantu. Yini jellyfish ezinobuthi?

Isexwayiso: ulwandle umuvi!

Ikakhulukazi senzakalo esiyingozi nge isiboshwa kwe-Indian Ocean - jellyfish Chironex fleckeri (noma ulwandle umuvi). nezilwane ezincane uhlala asogwini asogwini olusenyakatho-Australia futhi agudle ugu olusentshonalanga ye Thailand; uhlala coves ethule futhi olunesihlabathi umsebenzi enkulu kuboniswa ngezinyanga zasehlobo. Minyaka yonke, ezinobuthi kakhulu jellyfish - ulwandle umuvi - ebulala abantu ababalelwa 20.

umzimba jellyfish cishe esobala ephethe tinge kancane bluish, okwenza izazi isidalwa ebukekayo kunalokho nzima ukubona emanzini. I ububanzi we Dome kuyinto 30-40 cm, ihambe mncane kabuhlungu amaseli camera nge Isihlungu enobuthi kakhulu futhi ahlelwe izinyanda izicucu 4 kuya ku-15. Ngo Phumula, ubude bawo kuyinto 10-20 cm, kuyilapho ekhishwa ukuzingela ulwandle umuvi kwandisa kuze kufinyelele 3 metres. jellyfish Okokuqala ezinesihlungu akusho ukuhlasela izisulu zawo; simisiwe endaweni eyodwa, yena ulinde inyamazane aphinde abhukude abuyele futhi okwalapha Udosi eziningana izikhathi zalo.

Imiphumela umhlangano umuvi kolwandle

Burn ziboshwa ezase amanzi asendaweni, ngaphezu ukukhubazeka zokuphefumula futhi kweso siyakhukhumala izindawo kakhulu baking ukunqotshwa paralyzes inhliziyo nesimiso sezinzwa. Ngaphansi kwethonya buhlungu ukushaqeka noma senhliziyo isisulu umane baziphonse ogwini. Endabeni engcono, umuntu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa uyozizwa ubuhlungu, futhi endaweni uyozishisa kancane ephulukisa izilonda, liphenduke ku izibazi. Kukholakala ukuthi akhulule okwesikhashana isimo lesiguli kungenzeka esebenzisa uviniga, edingekayo ukuze gcoba indawo elimele. Oku-isidingo ngokukhulu ukucophelela balahle izinsalela ihambe, akhumbula ingozi yawo nempahla ukuze siphinde sithole lapho hit endaweni olumanzi. Khona-ke, mayelana isisulu kufanele cardiopulmonary kanye yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule zokuphefumula isicelo. Lapho iqondiswa yokuvimbela okungazelele - ethize serum zokwelapha - ukufa angenzeka hlangana imizuzu 5.

Irukandji - ingozi amanzi Pacific

Esikhathini Pacific, ekhaya ukuze ezihlukahlukene jellyfish ezinesihlungu, phakathi lapho ingozi kakhulu kubantu carukia barnesi. Ngaphandle, kufana ezincane (mayelana 15-25 mm ububanzi) esobala insimbi emhlophe; tentacles mncane embozwe amaseli esintinyelayo, adubula isisulu akuyona ingxenye egcwele ubuthi, kanye nobungako yayo alinganisiwe. Ngakho-ke kulula ukuluma ubuthi emzimbeni isisulu kancane kancane futhi ungazibekeli ekuthatha njengento ebalulekile lokho ababhukudi. Okukhulu izimpawu ezishile, kwenzeka kuzona ngokwazo imizuzu 30-60 ngembubhiso futhi ephelezelwa uchungechunge kofé uhlangothi imiphumela: ukujuluka, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, edema yamaphaphu, futhi ubuhlungu obukhulu ekhanda, emzimbeni, ukhalo, emuva. Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka esibulalayo. Njengoba isenzo ngokushesha impatho kunesidingo endaweni ethintekile uviniga. Ngeshwa wokutakula serum ngokumelene ezinjalo jellyfish pacific kuye yasungulwa; kwabacasula sihamba iqoqo izinyathelo ekusekeleni ukuphila kuze kube ngomzuzu lapho ubuthi bayokhululwa indlela yemvelo ngokuphelele.

Mayelana amakoloni elintantayo Physalia

Enobuthi jellyfish izithombe okubonisa ubuhle ezikhohlisayo salezi zidalwa zasolwandle zihlala emanzini tropical eduze nogu of Spain, Italy, Thailand, Hawaii. Abahlali nezivakashi kulezi zindawo kufanele siqaphe Physalia - amakoloni elintantayo eziphilayo zasolwandle kuyafana-jellyfish, futhi kubhekiselwa kuye ngokuthi "indoda isiPutukezi". A koloni siqukethe polyp eziningana, enye yazo yigesi bubble ibhaluni-like. Njengoba ephakeme kunakho emanzini, ivumela ukuthi ucele kalula ugcine koloni uyaphila. Enye ingxenye - ubude feelers imitha-20 amaseli anobuthi esintinyelayo enisemikhawulweni. Imisebenzi yabo ihlanganisa ekukhiqizweni kokudla ukudonsa isisulu enkabeni yaleli qulo, lapho mithandazo "iphathwa" ngamanye ama-polyp. Ngemva contact nge womuntu isikhumba toxicant kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, imfiva, amanxeba okusha, ukujuluka kakhudlwana, ukulimala izinhlelo sezinzwa futhi kwegazi, ukucobeka.

Bethukutheliswe a jellyfish: yini okufanele uyenze?

Ngempela nabo eziphilayo zasolwandle udinga ukususa izinsalela tentacles kusukela isikhumba futhi moisten endaweni ethintekile ngokuba namanzi amaningi olwandle. amanzi ahlanzekile, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa: lesi senzo kudedela ezisalayo into enobuthi kusuka amaseli lokusinda kabuhlungu. Ngokusho kwezazi ezithile ukusiza abaxhumana nabanye jellyfish uviniga kuleli cala, kungenzeka engenamsebenzi. Imihlangano ne "indoda isiPutukezi" ukugwema lula kunalokho ulwandle umuvi sibonga umbala eliqhakazile Dome yayo. Ngaphandle eziphilayo zasolwandle igcinwe namaqembu amakhulu (ngaphezu abantu ayizinkulungwane) kanye eduze nogu akuvamile.

Enobuthi jellyfish izwe: Araneus

ingozi Lukhulu yomuntu amancane gonionemus vertens, bokuthi okuyinto esiphambanweni sinombala-bomvu ngaphakathi Dome esobala oluhlaza aphuzi, ububanzi okuyinto kuhluka 2.5 kuya 4.0 cm. tentacles uqweqwe enisemikhawulweni ngenxa ekuqongeleleni amaseli esintinyelayo, lapho izingcezu mayelana 60; Abakwazi ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu futhi kule sikhundla enwetshiwe ukufinyelela isigamu imitha. Uhlala a ezinesihlungu jellyfish Araneus e olwandle olujulile ikakhulukazi ngasogwini Korea, eJapan, China, California. Phakathi zidala oseyili mass emanzini angajulile, lapho simele ingozi enkulu ngoba ababhukudi. Ukuze khona ekhethekile ukuncela izinkomishi phezu tentacles Araneus ngokuthi "ukunamathela jellyfish"; kufanele kukhambisane okungenani eyodwa izingalo zaso, futhi jellyfish odlula maqondana isisulu bese uzama abambelele kulo ngokuphelele. Umphumela nomuntu nabakhileyo olwandle olujulile kuyinto ukusha ubuhlungu emzimbeni, ububomvu kwesikhumba endaweni izilonda shashaza. Lezi zimpawu ahambisana ubuhlungu esifundeni lumbar, nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukungabi namizwa nemilenze, isicanucanu futhi ukoma ezinzima. Isenzo into enobuthi ihlala izinsuku ezingu-3-4.

Enobuthi jellyfish tsianeya

Akubulali, kodwa uyingozi kakhulu noshevu Cyanogen giant - jellyfish saba esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni: ububanzi we Dome ifinyelela 2.5 amamitha, nobude tentacles - 37 amamitha. Tsianeya enoboya (njengoba ubizwa nangokuthi nezidalwa zasolwandle) ithanda amanzi epholile uphinde ungamele-abandayo, itholakala olwandle esenyakatho iPacific Atlantic coast-Australia, emanzini evulekile wezilwandle Arctic. Amanzi afudumele akuthathi impande. Umbala Cyan incike lingakanani: ngabanye elikhulu libhekene anemibala ensundu, obomvu kanye onsomi; zezinhlobo encane - aphuzi ansundu kanye orange. tentacles eziningi isilwane, obizwa nangokuthi "mane sengonyama" ngoba ukufana sengonyama ukubukeka, aqukethe amaseli esintinyelayo nge ubuthi ezinamandla. Izenzo zakhe kungabangela ukuqubuka buhlungu futhi esivuthayo ukuzwa ephelezelwa ukusabela kabi komzimba.

memo izivakashi

Uma uya eholidini endaweni lapho umhlangano jellyfish has ngezinga eliphezulu okungenzeka, kutuswa ukuba ulandele amathiphu ngezansi:

• anqikaze umhlangano jellyfish, ukhumbula yokuthi ihambe yayo ongalinikeza olude;
• ngesikhathi dive ukuntweza izandla kangcono yini ethinta inhliziyo;
• awufaki emanzini kulandela ukuhlasela kwesiphepho, ukuze zigweme ukuthintana ezilahliwe ihambe.

Uma jellyfish ezinesihlungu namanje got endleleni, kutuswa:

• ngokushesha ugeza isilonda ngamanzi anosawoti;
• aphathe indawo ethintekayo uviniga, utshwala noma ammonia;
• ngobumnene ukususa izinsalela tentacles - ke kungenziwa nenye isihlabathi futhi ulwandle amanzi, edingekayo ukuze zisebenze isayithi yokulimala, bese ngokucophelela kwesulwe izinto ngakwesokunene (ngemuva ummese, ikhadi plastic, nokunye, ngezandla is hhayi Kunconywa lesi sinyathelo.).

Qiniseka ukuthi nokufuna usizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuquleka, iphika.