Uphi soMfula Moskva? Geography, incazelo kanye nezithombe ze-inhloko-dolobha emfuleni

Kancane kancane futhi liqukethe amanzi awo phezu emathafeni Central Russia edume UMfula iMoscow. Kugeleza inhlokodolobha adlule izindlu ubudala, uthango egwadle we yashayisa unqenqema, ngezinye izikhathi Ducking ngaphansi obucayi amabhuloho lwaleli enhle. Uphi soMfula Moskva? Lapho ewela? Futhi lokho kuyajabulisa ngakho ungakwazi ukutshela?

UMfula iMoscow: isithombe kanye nencazelo

Ubude wamanzi of 502 km, ububanzi esiphezulu 200 meters, ukuphakama Imininingwane yokwehla kwamanzi - 155 metres. Ngesikhathi esifanayo UMfula iMoscow ebutha amanzi awo ensimini, endaweni okuyinto ayizinkulungwane 17.6 amakhilomitha square.

Mayelana inxenye yesithupha ubude ingqikithi emfuleni ewela edolobheni laseMoscow. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi nedolobha it is empeleni iguqulwe ibe amadamu wesifunda ukusebenza kwezikole zokusoka. Esikhathini idolobha eliseduze koMfula eMoscow kukhona amabhishi eziningana uwuhlomele kahle. Ngaphandle-dolobha, i-lomfula itholakala imizi eyisishiyagalolunye, kanye eziningi nasemizaneni zezindela zomlando. Phakathi yokugcina - Novodevichy, St Andrew, Novospassky naseNew Golutvin sezindela.

I etymology kwegama elithi "Moscow" iyi impikiswano futhi edidayo. Ngokusho kwenye ithiyori, lihlotshaniswa nomsuka lasendulo wordforms iBaltic. Esimweni esinjalo, kungase kube elihunyushwe ngokuthi "ixhaphozi" noma "uhambahamba emfuleni."

Uphi soMfula Moskva? Lapho ngulona logeleta futhi kanjani it ishintsha? Lokhu uzofunda ku.

emfuleni eMoscow: umthombo nomlomo

Ekuqaleni, idolobha emfuleni eMoscow egeleza kakhulu ngasempumalanga. Khona-ke eya eningizimu-mpumalanga. Uphi soMfula Moskva? Kule ndaba, ososayensi abasuke bengakakwazi ukusebenzisa ufake ngci. Nokho, zokuma kwendawo eziningi zazo zikholelwa ukuthi umfula avela Starkovskom marsh, mayelana 3 km kusuka esiteshini sesitimela Drovnino. Lokhu kwaba phakathi kwabantu wanamathela igama ethize - Moskvoretskaya lwalelo chibi. Ngo-2004, on-site umthombo komfula Yakhiwa indlwana kuphrojekthi, umakhi idale Vasnetsov e ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Ngo sifinyelela yayo engenhla UMfula iMoscow odabula yokhalo isihlabathi moraine amagquma. Ngemva Mozhdysk amabhange kwakhona emaweni kakhulu futhi azimele: lapha ukulandelela unqamula okuqinile limestone kwezakhi. Esikhathini sifinyelela Maphakathi nomfula siba banzi kakhulu. Lapha usebe lwawo ikakhulukazi elalihlala amahlathi.

Ukuba dolobha eMoscow River okwengeziwe yandisa embhedeni walo. Ngo kwimfunda zikhona nezimfunda elikhulu, amachibi oxbow nasemachibini encane. UMfula iMoscow agelezela Oka-Ewufrathe eduze Kolomna. Lapha, ububanzi isiteshi salo sifinyelela kwamamitha angu-200.

umbuso kwamanzi, imvelo kanye isimo samanje emfuleni

UMfula Moskva sidla ngokuyinhloko amanzi iqhwa encibilikisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo e izikhukhula entwasahlobo zaba ngu-65% we-flow yayo ingqikithi. Umfula zilimaze endaweni ethile Ekupheleni kukaNovemba, futhi ivulekile ekupheleni kukaMashi. Phakathi dolobha qa ukusakaza kungaba bakuhlanekezela, njengalokhu emzini omningi amanzi afudumele kukhishelwa endlini emfuleni.

UMfula iMoscow Sekuyisikhathi eside uhlalwe abantu. Ezindaweni eziningi enkambweni yayo abavubukuli Neolithic amasayithi Kwatholakala. Ezikhathini zasendulo, umfula wawuyingxenye mfula ezibalulekile exhunywe Novgorod nge Smolensk.

isimo owayephila UMfula iMoscow uhlolwa njengoba abanelisi. Ikakhulukazi phakathi inhlokodolobha nasezansi. Odokotela musa batusa abadobi ukubamba izinhlanzi emfuleni edolobheni. ingxenye Channel hlanu Kuryanovskoy aeration esiteshini izakhi ezingcolile kakhulu biogenic (phosphate, nitrites futhi ammonium).

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo emfuleni

Ukunikeza abafundi ukunakwa ngisho amaqiniso amangalisayo okwengeziwe ngale River Russian:

• elalisemagcekeni yenhloko-dolobha e emfuleni eMoscow, kunezindlela okungenani 30 kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi bony;
• inhlanzi nezilwane we amanzi oMfula Moskva ngisho kuhlanganisa abameleli ezingavamile, njenge gobies futhi guppies. Okokuqala, ngokuvumelana ezizathwini of ososayensi, besuka sifinyelela engezansi iVolga, kanti owesibili - kusukela ithangi we Muscovite;
• hydronym "Moscow" akuyona into engavamile: okungenani amanye amabili imifula igama elifanayo zingatholakala ebalazweni (omunye wabo Itholakala Omsk esifundeni Russia, kanye nezinye - ku Ukraine, esifundeni ZaseCarpathos);
• lapho ungumthombo eMfuleni eMoscow - lokhu namanje Ziphikisana hydrologists nezazi-mlando. Abanye bangase baphikise ngokuthi akuyona esiqeshini Starkovo esifundeni Moscow. Ukuqala emfuleni, ochwepheshe abaningi ngokuthi Mihalovskoe echibini elise engumakhelwane Smolensk esifundeni;
• obala amanzi omfula ekushintsheni ezithile zonyaka;
• ngaphakathi inhlokodolobha UMfula iMoscow kwenza 6 egoba obunzima, walala;
• ehlobo 2010 ulwandle jellyfish ziye ikhombe ku amanzi oMfula Moskva.

Ekuphetheni ...

Manje uyazi lapho umthombo UMfula iMoscow ukubheka kumephu. Itholakala ngaphakathi Starkovskogo marsh elisemngceleni eMoscow Smolensk izifunda. Ngokulandelayo, umfula kuyalinqoba amakhilomitha 502 yonkana emathafeni futhi moraine emagqumeni emaphakathi neRussia, bese ugelezela isiteshi emfuleni Oka.