Umtshingo transverse kanye nezici zayo

umtshingo transverse - insimbi yomculo ezenziwe ngokhuni. It kungokwalabo zibe yimimoya, kungokwalabo irejista soprano. iphimbo elishintshayo kusho pereduvaniya. Futhi ngesikhathi umdlalo wokuvula kanye nokuvala ukuvuleka valve.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Bamboo transverse umtshingo - kuyinto ngempela ezingavamile namuhla, zibe yizikhali yesimanje zomculo yalolu hlobo ngokuvamile enziwa metal (-platinum, igolide, isiliva, nickel), ngezinye izikhathi futhi wenza ngengilazi, epulasitiki noma ezinye izinto oluyinhlanganisela. Ibanga - ezingaphezu kuka octaves ezintathu. Ishidi for umtshingo transverse ezilotshwe clef zonxantathu, ngesisekelo umsindo langempela. I ngamazwi ka esobala futhi ecacile phakathi ukubhalisa, phansi - a zomile, phezulu - ebukhali ambalwa. Umtshingo etholakalayo imishini ehlukahlukene. uphawula Solo wezinsimbi ngokuvamile. It is lisetshenziswe amakha symphony wezinsimbi. Futhi asetshenziswa ekamelweni ensembles. Ngo-symphony wezinsimbi eziwasebenzisayo kusuka 1 kuya ku 5 imitshingo. Ngokuvamile inombolo yabo kuhluka emibili kuya kwemithathu.

amathuluzi indaba

umtshingo transverse abawaziyo isikhathi eside. OluseDuze isithombe sakhe yena sitholwe ezimpahleni zosizo Etruscan. Yaqalwa ngonyaka iminyaka engu-100 noma 200 BC. Khona-ke ithuluzi siqondiswe ngakwesobunxele. Kuphela ukuze afanekise inkondlo by ngekhulu le-16, kucatshangwa ngakwesokudla.

Ephakathi

umtshingo transverse kanye kutholakele phakathi abavubukuli. Ukutholakala okuqala eNtshonalanga Yurophu basonta XII-XIV eminyaka. AD. Esinye sezithombe zokuqala okuqondene isikhathi eziqukethwe Amakhasi we encyclopedia osesikhundleni Hortus Deliciarum. Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi leli thuluzi okwesikhashana isetshenziswe eYurophu, bese sibuyela khona, ivela Asia, ngokusebenzisa yoMbuso WaseByzantium. NgeNkathi Ephakathi kwaba umklamo olulodwa ingxenye, futhi ngezinye izikhathi yayimibili. Ithuluzi kwadingeka simise cylindrical, futhi izimbobo eziyisithupha ububanzi alinganayo.

Renaissance futhi Baroque

Transverse umtshingo design ayikashintshi kakhulu, futhi esikhathini okwalandela. Ithuluzi inebanga 2.5 octaves. Wavumela ukuthatha lonke uhlu amanothi esikalini chromatic ngokuhle ifa Fingering. Lesi sakamuva wawunzima kakhulu. Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi kwakuzwakala irejista phakathi. amathuluzi abadumile yokuqala yalolu hlobo zigcinwa Museum e Verona ngokuthi Castel Vecchio. Kube sekulandela inkathi Baroque. Ushintsho wokuqala omkhulu ithuluzi benziwa Otteterov umndeni. omele Zhak Martin umtshingo wayo yizinqamu 3. Kamuva baba ithuluzi 4. Umzimba ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe isigamu. Otteter washintsha kuya wazalela oyindilinga. Ngakho-ke kwaba ngcono buviyoviyo phakathi octaves.

Ekhulwini XVIII insimbi ingezwe inqwaba valve. Njengomthetho, 4 zabo - 6. ezintsha Okubalulekile eziye zashiwo Johann Joachim Quantz, futhi Johann George Tromlitz George. Phakathi nokuphila Balisebenzisa kakhulu umtshingo kaMozart transverse, esesikhundleni umphini owodwa. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XIX, inani lezi zinto iye kuyanda. Umculo salokhu virtuosity yomculo. valve engeziwe, esikhundleni salokho, wakwenza kwaba lula ukubulawa kwabo izindinyana ezinzima kakhulu.

Zikhona ongakhetha eziningi design. E-Fulansi, ethandwa kwaba ngomtshingo nge valve ezinhlanu. ENgilandi, kwakukhona 7 noma 8. E-Italy, Austria naseJalimane, zikhona izinhlelo eziningi ezahlukene. Lapha, inani valve akwazi ukuxoxa 14 noma ngaphezulu. Amathuluzi wathola amagama abaqambi: Ziegler, Schwedler, Meyer. Kwakukhona uhlelo valve ezenziwe ngqo ukuphungula endimeni ethile ngokukhethekile. Ekhulwini XIX futhi Vienna-uhlobo umtshingo zadalwa, balifaka umsindo usawoti enothini eliphansi.