Umshwalense Okunqwabelanayo eYurophu: Izibuyekezo

Zonke izinhlobo zokwelapha umshwalense isikhathi eside futhi babe yingxenye yezimpilo zethu. Minyaka yonke, siyivikela izinqubomgomo zabo zezempilo, qiniseka ukuthathelwa umshuwalense imoto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uthole nezinhlelo ezengeziwe. Endowment umshwalense - omunye amasevisi ezimbalwa, lapho iningi baseRussia nakwazi. Ngenkathi amazwe aseYurophu, somgomo wokusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi - ke kuyinto evamile futhi ngisho elithile kunesidingo. Ukuze umkhuba eside abantu esetshenziswa ukulondoloza imali ngale ndlela. Lapho ukuthi inqubomgomo CNM ivikela into eyigugu kakhulu umuntu - ukuphila kwakhe kanye nempilo.

Nakuba ukuphila komuntu abunakuqhathaniswa futhi akusho ukuthi inani layo akudingekile. Mayelana ngale ndlela yokucabanga has a oyedwa baseYurophu ezintathu. Kuyinto lokhu umshuwalense wokuphila ezuziwe eYurophu ubulokhu iminyaka eminingi.

Kuyini lokhu?

Le nqubomgomo azifane idiphozi. CNM - yokutshala imali isikhathi eside futhi inqwaba yabo eyalandela investimenti isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona imali.

Isivumelwano esinjalo kungaba kusukela eminyakeni emi-3 kuya 35-40. Kungaba ibhekwe njengendlela uhlobo piggy bank, elibuye ikuvikela izindleko uma kwenzeka ukufa, ukugula okungathí sina, ukulimala, ukukhubazeka, kanye nezinye izingozi ezingase zibe khona. Uma kwenzeke ukuthi ikuphi kokungaphezulu, inkampani uzokhokha imali egcwele. Uma konke kuhamba kahle - izimali uqhubeke buthelela.

izimali ngenyanga umshwalense isipho zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili:

• ukukhokha izingozi kungenzeka;
• kumiswa esikoqokoqweni.

ingxenye Ixashwa kungenzeka atshalwe onobuhle ezahlukene zezimali ukuze bazitholela imadlana asizayo. Ngemva eside ngokuphangalala yesivumelwano, iklayenti ingakwazi unqume ukuthi afuna ukuthola yonke lemali anqwabelene ngesikhathi esisodwa noma uthanda izinkokhelo iyunifomu ngesimo ukukhushulwa impesheni.

Uma sikhuluma umthetho Russian, kungashiwo wagomela ukuthi lezo zimali akuzona intela. Futhi, abakwazi kuqoqwe ukuze kuzuze besithathu, ngisho enkantolo. Okungukuthi, bachithe izimali kungaba kuphela ikhasimende ngokwakhe futhi akekho omunye. Umshwalense (ezinqwabelanayo) e-Europe has cishe izinzuzo ezifanayo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi yomshwalense kanye USB?

Ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo okuyingozi sibhekisela ohlotsheni yesivumelwano lapho isamba oVikelwe is ikhokhwe 1 isikhathi. Kulokhu, lesi sivumelwano sinquma isamba kahle esikhulu okumele ikhokhwe yikhasimende phezu okuvela umcimbi insured. Nokho, uma ngaphambi kokuphela kwenkontileka akwenzekanga kuwe, bese wena wenza imali uhlala ngomshuwalense.

Ngenye indlela, kuba isimo lapho umshwalense ezuziwe. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani oyithengile inqubomgomo noma e Moscow, amagugu it has. Khona-ke imali kuyodingeka bakhokhe nyangazonke. Uma une izimali isivuno sisiningi kakhulu khona, singenza lemali ekufanele ngonyaka.

Zanqwabelana ku-akhawunti yakho kusho inkampani njalo itshala imali futhi ulwela ukwandisa. Ukuthi lokhu imali ngomshuwalense sika. Lemali isabalaliswe ku izinhlobo ezimbili imali:

• Okuqinisekisiwe. Income lapha mncane impela, ke ziyahlukahluka kusuka 3 kuya 5%.
• Akuphoqelekile. Le ngxenye kuzoncika yimpumelelo kangakanani inkampani uye wakwazi ukutshala imali yakho. Lokhu kungaba noma 2% noma 15%.

Uma umcimbi kwesamba namanje iphutha, ikhasimende ngokushesha uthola inani eligcwele, ebekiwe idokhumenti. Akunandaba ukuthi yimalini wayekwazi ukwenza.

Ngokwesibonelo, uke wangena esivumelwaneni we CNM iminyaka 10 futhi kumelwe ninikele ngonyaka 5000 US dollars. Kepha sekuphelile iminyaka emibili, ingozi, ukhubazeka futhi walahlekelwa ukukwazi kwabo ukusebenza. Ngaphansi inkontileka, uzothola zonke $ 50,000, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kuphela wakwazi ukwenza 10 000 $. Uma iminyaka eyishumi nawe akwenzekanga lutho olubi, inkampani ngizobuyela kini zonke, ngisho izinkulungwane 50 uzokhokha noma yisiphi isithakazelo phezulu, uma inkontileka ngakho inikeza. Yingakho umshwalense - ayakhula. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani somgomo wokusetshenziswa kwezilimi eziningi ingenye yesithathu. Ake sibone ukuthi kungani.

Imininingwane zomlando

I nomshuwalense okuqala ayengelona eGrisi lasendulo. Kodwa e-Europe, lomkhuba usuthandwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVIII. Umshwalense wempilo waba ngukhokho Dzheyms Dodson. Yena uqobo uhambo amangcwaba eLondon rewrote nezinsuku yokufa nokuphila kuwo wonke amathuna ngonyaka odlule. Ngakho sabala eseduze sokuphila Londoner isilinganiso kanye nenani elilinganisiwe umuntu angase premium umshwalense. Kodwa eminyakeni kuphela emva 77 yomshuwalense (ezinqwabelanayo) eYurophu kwakuyi ucishe okukhulu. Njengoba izinkampani zomshuwalense anikeza izinkonzo ezifanayo, sesiye okuningi. Kodwa kwakukhona abanye kubo asebenze kuze kube yilolu suku.

izindaba zamanje

Mayelana 70% azo zonke izimali manje akhawunti UK, eJalimane, e-Italy ne-France. izinkampani abaningi kule ingxenye unedumela okuqinile futhi emnandi kakhulu. Leli qiniso kwenza idume kangaka yomshwalense accumulative.

Izinkampani zemishuwalense ukumboza amasevisi abo cishe kuso sonke isibalo sabantu. Ngo eziyisishiyagalombili kweziyishumi imikhaya, wonke amalungu, kuhlanganise izingane, kukhona nezinqubomgomo. Abanye abantu baseYurophu babe nomshuwalense amaningi izimo ezahlukene wayenemfuyo. Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu baseYurophu ukuchitha ku izinhlelo umshwalense cishe ingxenye yesine omholo wazo. Lapha, ithuluzi efanayo - isenzakalo buthelela imali eyengeziwe ukufunda ingane futhi ukwanda impesheni yabo. Ngakho ugogo nomkhulu bejabule, ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke futhi ngamandla ngokuthwebula amakhamera, akekho uyamangala. Bangakwazi yini ukusikhokhela.

umthetho European Yenza amakhasimende akwazi ukutshala kuphela akhawunti lamabhange ngobukhulu noma ngamasheya ezinkampani inzuzo. SK icala ngokwenqaba yibhange yizinkampani Reinsurance ngamazwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imali amaklayenti 'noma kunjalo, ngeke kuphi. Kuleli zinga ukuthembeka umshwalense enjalo lifana idiphozi lalihamba kahle kakhulu.

I single emakethe lesibambiso European

Njengoba Cishe waqaphela, isipho umshwalense eYurophu - it unesibopho kakhulu. Ngisho phakathi kwekhulu XX, emazweni amaningana aseYurophu aseqalile ukwakha eyodwa umshwalense emakethe. Abe-Central Isitho ngokuthi European iKomiti Umshwalense nehhovisi zako ezisemqoka itholakala e Brussels. Izinjongo sehlo kuyingozi ngempela:

• ukuthuthukisa amazinga ajwayelekile umsebenzi wonke izinhlangano ukuthi bekwi umshwalense;
• sizithibe ngesilinganiso esiqinile phezu ukugujwa kokuthwasa izivumelwano saveza.

Izimfuneko iyiphi inhlangano

Izinhlangano nokunikeza izinsizakalo umshwalense kufanele ihambisane le mithetho:

• kungavunyelwe okwengeziwe uzibandakanye kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi okunye, ngaphezu ukuhlinzeka amasevisi umshwalense;
• abaphathi abaphezulu kanye nabanikazi izinkampani aphoqelelwe ukuba uthathe umthwalo saziso ukulahlekelwa ikhasimende, abanalo nerekhodi lobugebengu, ulingcwelise i-incwadi yomthetho;
• Inkampani kumele iskhwama isiqinisekiso, okunganikeza zonke izinkokhelo kunesidingo.

Kuze kube manje, yimuphi IC enelayisensi ukuze sihlinzeke izinhlelo umshwalense kunoma yiliphi izwe EU, kungaba ukunikeza ngamasevisi ezifana naso kwamanye amazwe, amalungu enyunyana.

izinkampani Popular

Uhlu izinkampani ethandwa kakhulu European ehilelekile isipho umshwalense (sokwesulwa yabo emihle kakhulu), libukeka kanje:

• Munich Re - eJalimane;
• AXA - France;
• Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń (PZU) - Poland;
• Assicurazioni Generali - Italy;
• Vienna Insurance Group - Austria;
• GRAWE - Austria;
• Allianz - eJalimane;
• Legal & Jikelele - UK.

Lezi zinkampani anikele ezihlukahlukene izinhlelo ezahlukene kokubili abadala nezingane ngokufanayo. Ukusebenzisa omunye wabo, ungakwazi kalula ulondoloze imali incapacitation noma kunoma isenzakalo esithile (ukuqeqeshwa, komshado).

Phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule eYurophu baqala athole umfutho okuthiwa umshuwalense utshalomali. umehluko yayo kakhulu eziyisisekelo kusukela isitoreji siye echazwe wukuthi ngesikhathi sonke isikhathi yesivumelwano iklayenti ingakwazi bachithe izimali. Kungenzeka ukunquma kanjani futhi kuphi ukutshala futhi lapho cha. Kodwa kukhona iphuzu ezimbi: i-kuwumthwalo walo wemfanelo ukunquma Ubuye umnikazi kwenqubomgomo.

isiphetho

Kungenzeka ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lo mkhuba yomshuwalense ukonga eRussia iyoba njengoba othandwayo eYurophu. Futhi izakhamuzi Russian bayokwazisa Ngokwezwi nezwi lisho ukuthini inkulumo ethi "ukubaluleka kokuphila" esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.