Umqambi Italian Verdi Dzhuzeppe: Biography, nobuciko kanye Indaba yokuphila

Verdi Dzhuzeppe, ogama biography uvezwa sihloko - umqambi wezingoma odumile wase-Italy. Iminyaka yokuhamba kwakhe - 1813-1901. Kuningi yemisebenzi engafiyo Verdi Dzhuzeppe wadala. Biography of umqambi Ngokuqinisekile azinake.

Umsebenzi wakhe ubhekwa iphuzu eliphezulu ukuthuthukiswa umculo kwekhulu le-19 ezweni lakubo. Abangaphezu kwesigamu Ukusabalala leminyaka Verdi njengoba umqambi. Kwakuthinta ikakhulu ezihlobene uhlobo opera. Eyokuqala yalezi Verdi wadala, lapho eneminyaka engu-26 ubudala ( "Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio"), kanti owokugcina uyoba ngo wabhala eminyakeni 80 ( "Falstaff"). Umbhali ikhamera: 32 (ngemisebenzi emisha yokuhlela ebhalwe ngaphambili) kuyinto Verdi Dzhuzeppe. Umlando wakhe kuze kube namuhla Sinesithakazelo esikhulu, nokudalwa Verdi sika esikhathini sethu zifakwe repertoire eyinhloko amatiyetha emhlabeni wonke.

Umsuka, ebuntwaneni

Giuseppe wazalwa ngo Roncole. Leli dolobhana kuyinto esifundazweni Parma, okuyinto wawuyingxenye ngesikhathi wonke uMbuso kaNapoleon. Isithombe siveza endlini ngezansi, lapho umqambi wazalelwa futhi wachitha iminyaka engu-zakhe zasebuntwaneni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uyise wahola ukuhweba zokudla kanye equkethwe sela iwayini.

Esikhathini organist esontweni lendawo wathola izifundo zakhe zokuqala umculo Verdi Dzhuzeppe. Umlando wakhe ephawulwe umcimbi yokuqala enkulu ngo-1823. Kulapho umqambi esizayo wathunyelwa Busseto, idolobha elingumakhelwane, lapho aqhubeka khona nezifundo zakhe e-secondary school. Lapho eneminyaka engu-eminyakeni engu-11, uGiuseppe waqala ukubonisa ithalente evelele zomculo. Lo mfana kwaba esebenza organist at Roncole.

Giuseppe A. Baretstsi waphawula, umthengisi ocebile Busseto, okuyinto enikeziwe uyise ebhentshini mfana kwadingeka isithakazelo esikhulu umculo. Umqambi esizayo ubophekile wathola imfundo yabo zomculo kulo muntu. Baretstsi wamthatha waya endlini yakhe, waqasha umfana ukuba abe uthisha ongcono futhi ukukhokhela ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe eMilan.

UGiuseppe waba umqhubi, abaqeqeshwe B. Lavigne

Lapho eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-15 ubelokhu umbhidisi i-orchestra encane Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Umlando Omfushane kuye liyaqhubeka ukufika e-Milan. Lapha waya abangane kayise baqoqa imali. Inhloso kwakuwukuba Giuseppe wangena somculo. Nokho, ayizange yamukelwe ngalesi sikole ngenxa yokuntuleka ikhono. Nokho, V. Lavigne Milanese umqhubi kanye umqambi, wancoma ithalenta Giuseppe. Aqale ukufundisa iculo lakhe mahhala. ngokubhala Opera futhi okhestra wafunda ku umkhuba ezindlini opera yeMilan Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Biography emfushane yemisebenzi yakhe yokuqala kuphawulwa ukuvela eminyakeni embalwa kamuva.

Imisebenzi yokuqala

Verdi esikhathini kusuka 1835 kuya 1838 wayehlala Busseto futhi wasebenza kamasipala-orchestra umqhubi. Giuseppe e 1837 wadala opera yakhe yokuqala ebizwa ngokuthi "Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio". Lo msebenzi waphathiswa iminyaka 2 eMilan. Kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Ngu oda "iScala", lo odumile Milan yaseshashalazini, Verdi ubhale opera yamahlaya. Wasibiza ngokuthi "Stanislav acabangwayo, noma omunye wokubusa suku." Kwahlelwa uSomandla ngo-1840 ( "iNkosi okwesikhathi Day"). Esinye isiqeshana, opera "Nabucco" wethulwa emphakathini ngo-1842 ( "UNebukhadinezari"). It umqambi kubonakala nezifiso nemizwa abantu isiNtaliyane, ngubani kuleyo minyaka aqala ukulwa sokuzibusa, ukukhululeka ijoka Austria. Izibukeli wabona ukuhlupheka abantu bamaJuda, bathunjwa, esifanisweni esisenze ne-Italy wesimanje yabo. emibhikishweni yezombangazwe Active kwasusa ikwaya iziboshwa ezingamaJuda zibe nomona umsebenzi. Okulandelayo Opera Giuseppe, "Lombardi impi" futhi kwenanela obizweni kokugumbuqelwa kobushiqela. Kwakuthinta okuhleliwe iMilan ngo-1843. Futhi e-Paris, nomagazini womphakathi yesibili yale opera ne-ballet ( "IJerusalema") olwaqala ngo-1847.

Life e Paris, umshado wakhe George. Strepponi

Esikhathini kusuka 1847 kuya 1849 wayengumuntu ikakhulukazi inhlokodolobha French Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Biography kanye nomsebenzi wakhe kule nkathi wabhekana nezenzakalo ezibalulekile. Kwakungenxa inhlokodolobha isiFulentshi, wenza inguqulo entsha "I amaLombard" ( "IJerusalema"). Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-Paris Verdi wahlangana nomngane wakhe, Giuseppina Strepponi (portrait zaso letinikwe lapha ngenhla). Lokhu umculi uye wahlanganyela imikhiqizo ye "Lombard" futhi "Nabucco" eMilan, futhi phakathi naleyo minyaka engu sathuthela eduze umqambi. Ekugcineni, ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 bashada.

Izimpawu imisebenzi bokuqala Verdi

Cishe zonke isikhathi sokuqala lokusungula Giuseppe kwakwande ngokusebenzisa isimo yokushisekela izwe, imizwelo nobuqhawe. Ukuthi yizinto ezihlobene umzabalazo wokulwa nabacindezeli. Lokhu, isibonelo, ebhalwe "Ernani" Hugo (ukukhiqizwa sokuqala senzeka e-Venice ngo-1844). Verdi adalwe Byron umsebenzi wakhe "AMADODANA AMABILI Foscari" (yacala eRoma ngo-1844). Unentshisekelo umsebenzi wakhe futhi Schiller. "I Maid of Orleans" yethulwa iMilan ngo-1845. Ngawo lowo nyaka e-Naples, kudlalwé "Alzira" by uVoltaire. "Macbeth" by Shakespeare ukuthi okuhleliwe e Florence ngo-1847. Impumelelo enkulu emisebenzini sikhathi kwakungamadodana opera "Macbeth", "Attila" futhi "Ernani". Isiteji isimo kulezi imisebenzi ukukhumbuza izethameli ngesimo ezweni labo.

Impendulo French Revolution Dzhuzeppe Verdi

Biography, sifinyeto imisebenzi kanye nobufakazi ababephila ngesikhathi umqambi sithi Verdi ngokufudumele bazamukela French Revolution ka-1848. Yena waba ubufakazi kubo wakhe e-Paris. Ngisesekhaya e-Italy, Verdi eqamba "Battle of Legnano." Lokhu opera nobuqhawe ukuthi owenziwa eRome ngo 1849. Uhlelo lwesibili sihlobana 1861 futhi yethulwa ngo-Milan ( "isikhathi eside Harlem"). Lo msebenzi ichaza indlela amaLombard wabalwela ubunye ezweni. Mazzini, isiNtaliyane Giuseppe wamavukelambuso wayala ukubhala ingoma wamavukelambuso. Ngakho kwaba khona umkhiqizo we "icilongo imisindo."

1850s ngemisebenzi Verdi

1850s - inkathi entsha lokusungula Fortunino Giuseppe Francesco Verdi. Umlando wakhe imakwe ngesikhathi kudalwa opera, ezibonisa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nemizwa yabantu abasemazingeni aphansi. Umzabalazo abantu inkululeko abathanda ngokumelene esakhiweni somphakathi wonxiwankulu noma ukucindezelwa izinduna kwaba isihloko esiyinhloko umsebenzi isikhathi lokhu umqambi sika. Yena ungezwakala emuva opera lokuqala, ezihlobene nalesi sikhathi. Ngo 1849, "uLuisa Miller" wethulwa emphakathini ngo Naples. Lo msebenzi Kulotshiwe umxhwele idrama ethi "Uthando usongo" by Schiller. Ngo-1850 e Trieste owawuse ukusebenza "Stiffelio".

Isihloko ekungalinganini emphakathini iye atshalwa nge amandla angaphezulu nakakhulu e enjalo imisebenzi kokungafi njengezidalwa "Rigoletto" (1851), "Il Trovatore" (1853) kanye "La Traviata" (1853). Uhlamvu umculo kulezi opera ezidume ngobuqotho. Babonisa isipho umqambi njengoba umlobi wemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye melodist, kubonakala ngemisebenzi iqiniso lokuphila.

Kutfutfukiswa uhlobo "opera grand"

Ukulandela ukudalwa Verdi eseduze uhlobo "opera grand". Lawa imisebenzi zomlando romantic ezifana "I Sicilia Vespers" (okuhleliwe Paris ngo-1855), "A Kufihlwe Ball" (yacala eRoma ngo-1859), "The Force of Destiny", olugunyazwe Mariinsky Theatre. Phela, mayelana nesigameko ukukhiqizwa opera zokugcina Verdi sika ngo-1862 wavakashela kabili Petersburg. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa isithombe sakhe, wenza eRussia.

Ngo-1867 wabonakala "Don Carlos", ebhalwe Schiller. Kulezi opera nabathandekayo Giuseppe isihloko umzabalazo wokulwa abacindezeli nokungalingani owawusekelwe ukusebenza, okuyinto sichichime Ngokuphambene, izigcawu ezikhexisayo.

Opera "Aida"

Kusukela opera "Aida" ekuqaleni kwenkathi entsha lokusungula ka Verdi. It eyalwa umGibhithe umqambi Khedive maqondana isenzakalo esibalulekile - kuvulwa Suez Canal. A. Mariette Bey, lo isazi sezinto ezindala zaseGibhithe abadumile, umlobi esesikisela indaba ethakazelisayo, elinikeza ukuphila yaseGibithe lasendulo. Verdi balithanda lo mbono. Libretist Ghislanzoni wasebenza phezu Libretto nge Verdi. Kudlalwé "Aida" owawuse e Cairo ngo-1871. Impumelelo umangele.

Kamuva lokusungula umqambi sika

Ngemva kwalokho, uGiuseppe akazange adale opera entsha iminyaka 14. Wabukeza imisebenzi yakhe endala. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-Milan, kudlalwé version yesibili of the opera "Simoni Boccanegra" ngo 1881, abhalwe 1857 Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Mayelana umqambi ukuthi ngenxa yokukhula, akakwazi ukudala into entsha. Nokho, maduzane nje, wamangaza izethameli. oneminyaka engu-72 ubudala umqambi Italian Verdi Dzhuzeppe uthe basebenza opera entsha "Othello". Kwakuthinta okuhleliwe iMilan ngo-1887, futhi ne-ballet - kuyinto Giuseppe oneminyaka engu-80 ubudala ukuwo kudlalwé umsebenzi omusha wadala futhi e-Paris e 1894. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva imisebenzi kaShakespeare. Sikhuluma ukukhiqizwa kwe "Falstaff" eMilan ngo 1893. Giuseppe ezitholakele ze- opera Shakespearean librettist emangalisayo Boito. Esikhathini isithombe ngezansi - Boito (kwesobunxele) Verdi.

Giuseppe e ezintathu zokugcina wemidlalo ye-opera bakhe bafuna ukwandisa amafomu ukuze uhlangane isenzo esiphawulekayo futhi umculo. Wanikeza nencazelo entsha recitative, waqinisa nendima eyadlalwa-orchestra ekuvezweni izithombe.

indlela siqu umculo Verdi

Njengoba for nye imisebenzi Giuseppe, phakathi kwazo kukhona "Requiem". It is Kunikezelwa inkumbulo A. Manzoni, odumile. Giuseppe lokusungula ezahlukene enengqondo. Shono umqambi owayemuhle wayebizwa ngokuthi Umlobi womlando wokuphila zomculo e-Europe 1840-1890 GG. Verdi balandela ipumelelo bomculo, owayephila - Donizetti, Bellini, Wagner, Meyerbeer, Gounod. Kodwa angizange ukubalingisa Dzhuzeppe Verdi. Umlando wakhe kuphawulwa ukudalwa izingcezu ehlukene kakade enkathini yokuqala lokusungula. Umqambi wanquma ukuya ngendlela yalo futhi wayengekho iphutha. Lucidly, umculo elikhanyayo, melodically ocebile Verdi sika sekuthandwa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke. Democracy Nokubhekana Namaqiniso ubuciko, wokubhekela izidingo zomuntu kanye nobuntu, ubuhlobo Folk ubuciko ezweni lenkaba yakhe, - lawa sezizathu esiyinhloko Verdi sika safike idumela elikhulu.

Januwari 27, 1901 Dzhuzeppe Verdi washona ngo-Milan. Biography emfushane kanye nomsebenzi wakhe kuze kube yilolu suku, nesithakazelo abathandi bomculo ezivela emhlabeni wonke.