Umlando Yaroslavl Kremlin. Ezibiyele e Yaroslavl namuhla

Elinye lamadolobha athandwa kakhulu futhi bavakashela kakhulu eRussia, okuyinto kuyingxenye Golden Ring. Wayemuhle kokuvamile. isikhungo yayo mlando is ezisenza UNESCO. Enkabeni yedolobha kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-140 we ezikhangayo eyigugu kakhulu.

Umlando Yaroslavl

Ngo 1010 edolobheni yasungulwa ngomyalo Yaroslava Mudrogo owayebizwa ngokuthi behlonipha umsunguli wayo. Umlando ukuvela Yaroslavl kusikisela ukuthi leli zwe ngaleso confluence we iVolga umfula kusuka Crake sikhethwe. Lokhu kuzokwenza awuvikele ezitheni ezinhlangothini ezintathu. Waqale okukhulunywa encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla ezichaza nezibhelu ukudla 1071.

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube manje usuku umlando Yaroslavl ke ihlobene eduze umlando isimo Russian. Kusukela ezinsukwini ERussia yasendulo edolobheni phakade elalibhalwe ngokwabo emlandweni njengoba ubukhulu enamandla, ngamasiko-bakhanyiselwa futhi ecebile. It elithinta ukuphila kwethu isimo Russian.

Kubalulekile ukuthi emva kokuhlanganiswa nge eMoscow (1380) Yaroslavl elahlekile indima yayo futhi phakathi nenkathi ende (kwaze kwaba yilapho kufika yesihlalo sobukhosi sika-Peter mina) kwaba nobaluleke kakhulu phezu enyakatho Umzila wezohwebo. Kuyinto idolobha lesibili kakhulu elinabantu abaningi futhi ngobukhulu e izimpahla Russia inzuzo. It ngokushesha lakhiwa yezandla kanye nezimboni.

Ekhulwini XIX edolobheni isiRashiya kwakuwulimi iyidolobha elihle kunawo wonke kuleli zwe. Ukuze kwenkundla lawo elihle wabizwa ngokuthi "Florence Russian '.

Yaroslavl ngokuqiniseka igcina phambili yalo kwezinga lemikhiqizo yezimboni ngaphambi ekuqaleni kwekhulu XX. Umuzi ine izimboni 50 ezinikeza imisebenzi yabasebenzi 15,000.

Yaroslavl izikhungo abadumile zemfundo - kusukela Grigoriev esangweni futhi kokuqeda amanyuvesi ezinkulu eziyisishiyagalombili, okuyinto uqhosha Yaroslavl namuhla.

Idolobha Yaroslavl: izikhangibavakashi

Ingxenye enkulu amatshe ezikhumbuzo zomlando namasiko maphakathi zomlando. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, isikhungo iyona isici, kuba njalo kufinyeleleke izivakashi.

isikhungo isakhiwo yasungulwa ngesikhathi kubusa uCatherine Omkhulu. Lezi zindawo yasendulo awubufakazi umqondo wokobana inomboro ukubheka imizi Russian ekhulwini XVIII ngemva gradostroitelnoy kabusha, okuyinto kwenziwe yi uCatherine II (1763). Umbhali yephrojekthi laliyisikhungo Yaroslavl Ivan Starov.

Imingcele probation yakhe emigwaqweni Sobin futhi Republican. Okokuqala, le ndawo yayaziwa ngokuthi idolobha zobumba.

I yekucala ukwakhiwa yeSonto Eliya, nomProfethi, wakhethwa, eyakhelwe loMfula iVolga ngo-1650. Eceleni kwakhe udedelwe endaweni ongaphambili omise (manje Sovetskaya), sizungezwe iqoqo ziyalingana ngu nezakhiwo zokuqondisa.

isimiso okunjalo izazi zokukhula kwezingane shayela classicism izakhiwo esingokwemvelo kwekhulu XVIII. Kusukela square bacondze etindzaweni letehlukene washintsha "imisebe 'wasezitaladini. Ngamunye wabo uya ezikhumbuzo kwesikhathi ngaphambili. Ngokwesibonelo, endaweni Platsparadnaya ezifaneleke kweNyuka Cathedral, okuyinto belilokhu likhona kusukela 1215. Uglich Street kuziwa vlasov (noma Znamenskaia) umbhoshongo, okuyinto liyalondolozwa kusukela lasendulo izinqaba kwekhulu XVII. Probojnaja emgwaqweni uphela isonto uSimeyoni Stolnik, okuyinto kuze kube yilolu suku engakaze balondolozwa.

Zonke imigwaqo eminingi uphahlwe maphakathi Yaroslavl sakhiwo esihle ubudala, okuyinto iphathwe serially endaweni wesimethri ecacile. Basuke zihlukaniswa okujabulisa eziningi, ubungcweti engavamile XVIII futhi XIX eminyaka.

Church of Eliya, nomProfethi,

Umuzi Yaroslavl has on insimu yalo isikhumbuzo esibalulekile bokwakha kwekhulu XVII. Njengoba le nganekwane wasendulo, lelibandla esabekwa Yaroslav enkulu the Hlakaniphile. Lo mcimbi kwaqondana kuqale ukwakhiwa komuzi.

Njengoba indaba iya, isizathu kokwakhiwa kwethempeli kwaba ukunqoba isikhulu athwale ngezabelo ezinkulu kwenzeka ngosuku u-Eliya, nomProfethi,.

Ithempeli imele kusayithi lapho ngaphambili owayengenalusizo kwakukhona amasonto amabili ubudala. Yakhiwa ngezithukuthuku abathengisi ezinonileyo edolobheni ngo-1650. Wayesesitezi indawo Church Ilyinsko uTikhon sika, ongagcini okwamanje.

Assumption Cathedral

Umlando Yaroslavl ngo-1215 kwaphawulwa ukubukeka itshe lokuqala ethempelini, eyakha Prince Constantine Vsevolodovich. Assumption Cathedral lavuselelwa kaningana. Ngemva umlilo esesabeka 1501 ke yabhidlika kabana.

Lapho izakhamuzi zomuzi wakubo usule imfucumfucu, kwatholakala izinsalela Prince Basil kanye Constantine (XIII ekhulwini), elaba engcwele eyinhloko esontweni iminyaka eminingi.

Ngo-1937 kweNyuka Cathedral yasha, salandelwa kwepaki isiko. Ngo-2004 kwanqunywa, waqala umsebenzi omkhulu ku ukwakhiwa ikhophi esiqondile Cathedral of kweNyuka at indawo yayo yasekuqaleni. Ngo-2010, ithempeli kabusha labetibambile izimfundiso zokuqala uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Kirill.

Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe yomlando

Beautiful idolobha Russian of Yaroslavl, ogama ezikhangayo kukhona ukuziqhenya izakhamuzi zakhona, ine Museum ezithakazelisayo. It yasungulwa ngo-1985. Indawo egcina amagugu esizwe yezindaba zemihla Yaroslavl itholakala indlu ukuthi uma kwakungekaNkulunkulu umthengisi Kuznetsov.

Esichasiselweni uvezwa amakamelo ayisithupha. Nazi imibhalo ezithakazelisayo nemibukiso ezihlobene umlando edolobheni.

indlu Sobinova

Kuyinto Museum of the omkhulu opera umculi L. V Sobinova wavula emphakathini ngo-May 1995. Nguye kuphela eRussia enikelwe ngokuphelele ukuphila futhi umsebenzi omele okhazimulayo isiko Russian zomculo.

Lokhu indlu lihlotshaniswa ukuphila izizukulwane ezintathu Sobinova. It wazalelwa, wachitha eseyingane kanye nentsha, umculi esizayo. Ngesisekelo embukisweni ukubeka isimiso monographic, okuyinto ngokugcwele futhi ngokucace kuveza impilo kanye nomsebenzi lo oculayo.

idrama

Yaroslavl City inama yaseshashalazini wokuqala Russian. Volkovsky Theatre yayigubha iminyaka engu (iminyaka 260) ngo-2010. Khona-ke, esizeni ethiyetha ababekhona kwakukhona no esibayeni yezikhumba zezilwane.

Kulapha indodana abathengisi Fyodor volkov waqala ukubeka ukusebenza kuqala. play Okokuqala "U-Esteri" wakhululwa. Umlando yaseshashalazini ophethe amaphuzu avelele eziningi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu XVIII, kodwa leyo ndawo yeshashalazi ngimazi eRussia.

Ngo-1911, kwakhiwa isakhiwo volkov Theatre yaqedwa. Umbhali wayo nenhloko nokwakha umakhi Nikolay Spirin. Namhlanje omunye the best amatiyetha Russian etholakala kulesi sakhiwo.

Chamber yaseshashalazini

Ngezinye ul. Sverdlov, indlu 9 Yaroslavl Chamber Theatre, elisebenza ngempumelelo ngaphansi kobuholi V Vorontsov. Namuhla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini kuphela eRussia, okuyinto has a abasebenzi unomphela. Theatre imikhiqizo kukhona enkundleni yabo, ngaphezu, nazi ayeba yaseshashalazini imikhosi obonisa abadlali ethandwa yezwe.

Mayelana ukudalwa ethiyetha okokuqala wacabanga Yuriy Vaksman, abake wasebenza Yaroslavl Youth Theatre. Wanquma ukudala nkundla yakhe siqu. Ukuze kufezekiswe iphupho, wachitha iminyaka eminingi usebenza kwebhizinisi yokudlela. Ukuba zanqwabelana dolobha kokuqala, ngo-1999, lapho kwafezeka iphupho lakhe. Ukuze isikhundla sokuba isikhulu wamenywa uVladimir Gusev, ngubani ngokunqoba okuhleliwe play uPetru eSoweto "Interview".

I isiqondiso esibaluleke kunazo zonke kule nkundla ukuqhuba yaseshashalazini imikhosi abasemazingeni ahlukahlukene. Phakathi umsebenzi wayo ethiyetha imikhosi ngamazwe ezine eziyinhloko ayehlelwe.

Empeleni leli hholo idume imisebenzi yayo yesihle luhlose ukusiza neMpi Yezwe II Veterans, invalids Afghanistan nemindeni yabo.

Yaroslavl ezibiyele

Umlando Yaroslavl ezibiyele kwaqala ngo 1010 eduze Rostov Veliky. Yaroslav Mudry ngaphambilini ukwakha inqaba ukuqinisekisa ukulondeka komuzi.

Ayisebenzi Yaroslavl ezibiyele (ibalazwe libonisa ngokucacile ke) itholakala ku-insimu osendaweni ezibalulekile. It has simise esingunxantathu.

I ezibiyele has elinye igama - idolobha oqoshiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izivikelo zalo ezahlwitha emthini. Ngo imidwebo, eziphathelene 1648, singabona ukuthi nasekuqiniseni ukhuni owagawula, kuhlanganisa 2 eya basembhoshongweni, 10 abayizithulu futhi 12 pryasel. Ezibiyele izindonga evikelwe endlini nababusi, lombhishobhi leli dolobha lalilihle futhi lesigceme umbhishobhi sika.

Ngo 1658 umlilo wabhubhisa cishe zonke izakhiwo. Kwakudingeka ngiqale ukwakha isakhiwo zamatshe Yaroslavl Kremlin. On the ingxenye Kotorosl itshe umbhoshongo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i Zeleynoy yayakhiwe. It yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo esitolo neziqhumane.

On ohlangothini iVolga kwakunomuntu Luhambo Yaroslavl ezibiyele - Podvolzhskaya umbhoshongo. Esikhathini eside kamuva, kodwa yabuye yakhiwa kabusha ku arsenal, liye lalondolozwa zisesimweni esikahle kuze kube namuhla.

amasonto ayisithupha ezakhiwa ensimini ka Yaroslavl ezibiyele:

• Cathedral of kweNyuka (1215) isakhiwo brick nge imininingwane itshe elimhlophe. Leli thempeli kwaba maphakathi ngokomoya futhi yokwakha umuzi eminyaka.
• Ilyinsko uTikhon Church - kule minyaka Soviet isakhiwo kwaba ifakwe Museum. Lenin, futhi kamuva ahlelwe ke restorers workshop.
• Church of St Nicholas nokubukeka kwabo kwangaphandle ibonisa izinkinga zezimali of amalungu esonto ngubani imali ekwakhiweni. Namuhla lesi sakhiwo yisona uMnyango.
• isonto Leontievskaya - esakhiwe njengoba umbhishobhi endlini isonto. Kwakuthinta ngayingcwelisa behlonipha Leontiya Rostovskogo.
• Shuya Church of Our Lady - lakhiwa kabutjha kwetshe 1690. Isigqoko sokuzivikela wakhe wathweswa umqhele izahluko ezinhlanu. Ngaphambi isikhathi sethu engafakwanga.
• Church of Our Lady of Tolga. Ingabe kukuliphi isonto kuze 1802, kamuva acekela.