Ulmus pumila: incazelo zalesi sihlahla

Ulmus pumila e hardware kanye engadini zokutshala luvame kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo isihlahla kusukela uhlobo lwe efanayo. Nge mazombezombe ngokuphelele, waba uhlobo zisabalulekile azithathwa zokuzivikela futhi ukhula, kanye Maple waseMelika, okuyinto drowns out ukufika ligugu.

Mayelana nomculi

Abantu bavame kakhulu ungathola elithi "Elm", okuyinto waqonda Ulmus pumila hhayi kuphela. Igama collective ngaphezulu kwesimo semvelo Turkic lisho ngokoqobo "namagxolo" futhi "omnyama." Ngaphansi kwalo kuvamile izinhlobo eziningana elms, kuhlanganise encane enezicabha.

Le ndawo zokukhula

Indawo yemvelo ukukhula Elm ezimfushane - ikakhulukazi eChina, kanti ikakhulukazi enyakatho-entshonalanga nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla ingatholakala Western eSiberia, Mongolia, India, Korea, Tibet. Kutshalwa khona iNyakatho neNingizimu Melika, njenge-ejenti ekunciphiseni emahlathini kanye landscape ingadi isiko. Izinkuni undemanding yezimo ezikhulayo, kodwa ukhetha nenhlabathi evundile. Senzeka lezihlahla kanye amahlathi okuxubile.

Ulmus pumila: incazelo

Isihlahla Tall ezahlukene endalweni bese ifinyelela ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle, 25 m kanye isiqu ububanzi of mayelana 1 m. Ngo sezulu esingenamvula ububanzi engokwemvelo ukukhula ukuqhutshwa ngesimo sezihlahla. Naphezu igama ezidumile Elm, amagxolo omuthi hhayi omnyama, futhi umthunzi grey ansundu noma mpunga ocebile, abushelelezi, kumiswa imifantu. amahlumela amasha lowehlukile kubantu abadala. Banezinhliziyo ukukhanya grey umbala ne ebusweni aphuzi, anolaka noma bushelelezi, nge lenticels iyona.

Ulmus pumila has isici Lancet ovalno- noma elliptical- amahlamvu okwenyanga, ubude ivela 2 kuya ku-8 cm kanye ububanzi 1.2-3.5 cm. Ziyalingana ipuleti isizinda nge isihloko esicacile kanye imiphetho serrated. Leaf izinguquko umbala kulo lonke zonyaka, entwasahlobo kuba oluhlaza ukukhanya, ehlobo - bukhulu, luba umuthi ekwindla omnqumo-yellow tint (ngezansi okusisizayo elms ngo-September-October). Izithelo - cishe round lionfish, okuyinto lukhula ububanzi kufika ku 1-1.5 cm, elise nut phakathi.

izimo ezikhulayo

Ulmus pumila, isithombe ongawabona esihlokweni, kungukuthi ngezimiso eziphakeme bempilo - iminyaka 40-60 nje. Nokho, ngalesi sikhathi sifika kula usayizi umxhwele. Izinga isihlahla ukukhula kuphezulu futhi akuyona wawungaphansi ngomuthi omhlophe noma umlotha enezicabha maple. Ngo isiko Elm linesizotha nomhlabathi okuzala inezidingo sakugcina njengoba okuqukethwe umswakama kuwo. Kwenza ngisho usawoti, iyashesha ukumelana nesomiso, ubusika-eziqinile (zingamelana kuze kube -36 ° C) Into kuphela okufanele zicatshangelwe - izinkuni photophilous, athwala penumbra, kodwa ezikhulayo sibi kakhulu.

Usiko Ulmus pumila lokwetfulwa kusukela nga-1860. Isetshenziswa engadini amapaki kanye izingadi. Ikakhulukazi baziswa ezindaweni ezinesomiso lizwe. It yakha uhlelo impande oqinile ebusweni hlobo. It liyakuthethelela igesi ongcolile Wasedolobheni, ukusika futhi Ukunquma. Izici yokugcina asetshenziselwa ukwakha Hedges. imbewu okusakazwa kuphela, ingeyona impande amaswidi futhi ngalesosizathu ehlathini, okuyinto inzuzo. It has a ukukhala ifomu zokuhlobisa nge amagatsha egeleza. Umuthi omuhle kakhulu kwenkathi fruiting.

Ulmus pumila: indlela yokuyisebenzisa engadini?

Elm kungumuthi enhle kakhulu nge eside neziqu kanye amaqabunga amakhulu toothed, kubukeka kuhlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile ekwindla, lapho ngokuphelele egcwele izithelo. Ngo Ornamental ukulima isitshalo isetshenzisiwe eside. Ukukhetha ke ukutshala kwisayithi, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi photophilous esihlahleni kuphela ilanga adalule ngokugcwele ubuhle bayo.

Crohn iyaphendula kahle izihlahla futhi ekwakheni. Nokho, lokhu kufanele ungajahi. Eminyakeni yokuqala ka zikhula akudingeki ukususa kuphela amagatsha ezomile futhi ezilimele. izihlahla okwakhayo kungaba cishe 4 iminyaka yokukhula, ngesikhathi esifanayo ungakhohlwa ukusetshenziswa ingadi var. Lonke isihlahla linamandla ezifweni kanye izinambuzane.

Ulmus pumila, obude 25 m, ezinhle kakhulu eqenjini, monoposadkah luhlanganiswe, njengoba emapaki nasezindaweni ezizungezile njengoba tapeworm. Watshala singly izimo sizungezwe utshani bushelelezi oluhlaza siyasebenza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa hybrid elinefomu wokukhala umqhele. Kuphela uma lutho esiphazamisayo esihlahleni, kungaba ukwambulwa enkazimulweni egcwele. umqhele wakhe ezimweni ezinjalo kungaba ifomu elifanele, futhi isiqu - iqonde futhi eqinile. Soliternye kokwehla sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka nokugqamisa ngesakhiwo, njengoba kukhona njalo sidonse iso. Nokho, umuntu kufanele sikhumbule proportionality izitshalo endaweni zensimu. amapheshana ezinkulu - isihlahla esikhulu, futhi aba amaSheshi, kungenjalo yalahlekelwa yiyo yonke charm.

Ukusebenzisa Elm ngoba Berceau

Enye ukusetshenziswa engavamile we Elm - ngokudala Bercy enhle. Cloisters idaliwe kusuka ogibele imishayo esekela kanye ezindleleni engadini noma imizila. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi Imithi etshalwe kabani amagatsha ngobumnene zagoba futhi kuvikelwe ukuze uzimele. Kancane kancane elandayo, akha okuqhubekayo Umhubhe single oluhlaza, njengoba esithombeni. Banikezwe izinga umphumela Elm zokuhlobisa bungatholakala ngokushesha.

Njengoba kuhlelwa futhi ingqondo Berceau ngokuvamile kuqhathaniswa ne pergola. Nokho, lona wamuva kungenziwa ngokuphepha echazwa ngokuthi udadewabo omncane wokuqala. Berceau nakuba ezithi azifane, kodwa emikhulu futhi okukhulu ngaphezulu, isikhathi eside futhi ayazika ikhava oluhlaza. Pergola kakhulu zokuhlobisa futhi kulula kuphela imibono ehlukahlukene, kufanelekile izindawo ezincane nasemagcekeni ezakhiwo. Berceau - ngokuvamile akubona izingadi ezinkulu nasemapaki, isiqalo ekupheleni Umhubhe kuyinto emangalisa isethi Gazebo.

WOKUTSHALA IZIHLAHLA

Sekuvele okukhulunywa ukuthi Ulmus pumila is kabanzi WOKUTSHALA IZIHLAHLA ezindaweni ukuthi ushiswe noma ahlabayo. Indlela main namanje kubhekwa a izithombo esandleni zokutshala usebenzisa Kolesov inkemba. kudivayisi abathandwayo eqinisweni, ewumngcingo steel ok. It yasungulelwa ngumqondisi we ekolishi yezolimo Kharkiv Kolesovym A. A. ngo-1883 yokutshala izihlahla zikaphayini sandstones.

Ukusebenzisa izinyathelo ezinjalo Elm ngenxa izici eziningana. Okokuqala, ukhuni elinesimo okusezingeni eliphezulu izinga lokukhula, futhi eminyakeni yokuqala ukunikeza izithombo abasha ekwenyusweni kuze kufinyelele imitha elilodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezimvunayo. Okwesibili, umbono ngokushesha ngokwanele amafomu emahlozini, nande by self-ukuhlwanyela. Okwesithathu, lesi sihlahla undemanding zenhlabathi nesomiso ukumelana, ukubekezela isithwathwa ezinzima futhi usawoti. Ngakho, ungakwazi sikhule viscosity cishe noma kuphi.