Ukwelashwa Biofeedback: kuyini, lapho lusetshenziswa

Kulo nyaka esisuka kuwona, ososayensi baye baphawula inombolo kakhulu anda izingane pathologies ezahlukene. imithi Mahhala ngokuvamile has ukulungiswa kanye nokwelashwa izindlela eziphelelwe yisikhathi ayizwakali kakhulu. Lokhu kunjalo, ikakhulu zengqondo kweqiniso, ukucindezeleka, Alalia kanye nokunye ukwephulwa. Abantu abaningi abazi mayelana nezindlela nontraditional. Ngokwesibonelo, biofeedback yokwelapha - okungukuthi, uma kungekhona Umkhuba omusha? Lokhu isifinyezo imele elula: biofeedback. Esetshenziswa ekwelashweni elokugula ngengqondo ukusetshenziswa imishini ekhethekile. It Records eyatholakala kusukela idatha bokuphila lesiguli kanye nezinzuzo ke.

Umlando sokudalwa

Lapho abazali bethola ukuthi ingane yabo ine isifo sengqondo, sebeqala ukuhlola izindlela non-bendabuko yokwelashwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwelashwa biofeedback - kuyini futhi owabudala? Empeleni, le ndlela linomlando omude.

yokufunda okusebenzayo waqala in the 50s kwekhulu elidlule. negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni zenziwa ososayensi Miller nesihluku. Ukulitadisha kwabo awazange ehlangana nabantu, kodwa sibonga ukulinga izilwane yakwazi ukwenza okutholakele wamavukelambuso. Ngakho wakwazi ukufakazela ukudalwa ikhaliphe moya operant uhlobo visceral. Omunye usosayensi, Sterman, sithuthukisa sensorimotor isigqi ku gyrus emaphakathi futhi wathola anda ukulungela convulsive. Kamja kuphawulwe ku ngoshintsho ngokungenasizathu e Bheka nemingcele uma ethola impendulo. Konke lokhu izifundo ukukhonza njengesisekelo ukudalwa yokwelapha biofeedback. Kusho ukuthini lokhu ukuze ososayensi isikhathi ayephila kuso?

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa lo mbono wayenesithakazelo ososayensi olukhulu olungakaze isiRashiya, Pavlov, Sechenov, Anokhin nabanye. Basuke ehileleke ekutadisheni cortex cerebral kanye ikhaliphe moya. Anokhin ingeyamakhosi ukutholakala mbuso ka uxhumano impendulo nangaphezulu abantu imisebenzi oluhambelana.

I-apharathasi yokwelapha biofeedback kanye izimfanelo sokudalwa yayo

Ubude yokwelapha biofeedback kuhlanganisa ezimbili ingxenye; kuyisifo apharathasi begodu isofthiwe ekhethekile. Ochwepheshe ukukhomba eziningi izimfanelo ngokudala le tehnlologii. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bama-computer. Baye uvunyelwe ukudala idivayisi chweba, ukucutshungulwa nekuhlatiya isignali ngesikhathi sangempela. Okwesibili, iphesenti elikhulayo ukuphathwa Angenelisekile kwemithi. Lokhu isimo laligujwa hhayi kuphela phakathi abazali bezingane abagulayo, kodwa futhi phakathi kwezisebenzi ukunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa engalawuliwe kwemithi elwa namagciwane kuye kwanciphisa ukusebenza kwabo.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi akuwona wonke izimpawu amenable ekwelashweni kwemithi. Eminye yale miphumela emibi contraindication sína reception yabo. Ngeshwa, nge ukuthuthukiswa ngokushesha izidakamizwa emakethe futhi ngakhula intengo zabo. Kodwa ukusebenza izidakamizwa eziningi uwile. Ngakho-ke, inzuzo namuhla ngaphezulu yokwelapha biofeedback kuqhathaniswa ukwelapha ngokwendabuko.

Umlando yentuthuko

Ngakho, abacwaningi ezahlukene ezazini eziye zahlola ngokuhlanganyela ubuchopho, kwasusa ukudalwa emitholampilo ukwelashwa biofeedback. isiqondiso Ngokusobala yasungulwa ngawo-60s kwekhulu elidlule e-United States. Ekuqaleni, lalisetshenziswa ukwelashwa kwengqondo. Emlandweni ukuthuthukiswa yokwelapha usuthandwa emhlabeni wonke. Imshini ukubeka cishe bonke odokotela Japan, Germany kanye lonke elaseYurophu. Ababili umagazini ezikhethekile ngesihloko ezikhishwe namuhla, ukusebenza inyunyana, imithi ubufakazi-based uya siqaphela le ndlela. Iningi izinkampani zomshuwalense ilungele akhokhele zonke izindleko zezinto isiguli.

Ngokwe-definition yokwelapha biofeedback izingane kanye nabantu abadala kuhloswe ukwazisa umuntu imisebenzi yakhe komzimba. Ngakho, umthethonqubo ngamabomu.

imininingwane zedivayisi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukwelashwa biofeedback siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: idivayisi nesofthiwe. Idivayisi kuhlanganisa kumadivaysi amaningana. The main ingxenye - inzwa zokuqopha amasignali Brainwave, imvamisa serdtseebieniya, emishinini yokuphefumula kanye muscle zokuqopha umsebenzi bioelectric. Ingxenye yesibili idivayisi - kuba Converter isignali, oguqula wawayisa ideskithophu ifomu elula.

Iyini indlela?

Njengoba wazi, zonke lezi zindlela osekukhulunywe-waphawula akuyona inqubo zilawulwa ingxenye ukwazi. Ngokufanelekayo, umsebenzi izidakamizwa - ukuze ukwazi ukuthola isibonisi, preobrozovat ke ngendlela eqondakalayo isiguli: isithombe noma umsindo. Ngakho umuntu efunda ukulawula lokhu noma lokhuya umsebenzi.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngosizo yokwelapha biofeedback ngoba incontinence urinary? Kulolu shicilelo of Pediatrics kakhulu raspostranen. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo ukuphathwa cishe akunakwenzeka imbangela yalesi sifo. Ukuchama kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, lapho kudingeka ukuba inkathi imisipha phansi okhalo. Kuyinto umsebenzi yokwelapha biofeedback. Ngenxa yalokho yokusetshenziswa kwawo izingane ukufunda ukulawula ukuchama yabo.

Esinye isibonelo: izinkinga elashwe ngezwi BOS. Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile zabahlabeleli professional, abasakazi, njll Ngokwesibonelo, kusiza ukuthuthukisa inkulumo efanele ukukhululwa elawulwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso izingane ngenkulumo iziyaluyalu (isib lapho ukutlhaga prosody dizartirii). Kuyinto ithuluzi esisemqoka ukusebenza nezingane eziyizithulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukususa ukucindezeleka kusukela imisipha yokukhuluma, ukuthuthukisa ukulawula izinga yokukhuluma, Fusion imisindo. Odokotela bengqondo zinikeza yokwelapha biofeedback njengethuluzi lokufeza ukunakwa inkumbulo ukulungiswa.

ukuhlola

Lapho abantu bazame ukuthola ukuthi yini imishanguzo biofeedback wukuthi kuba ngaphezu ekwelapheni? Leli yithuluzi elihle zokuxilonga. Ngakho lapho uyisebenzisa, ungenza ukuhlolwa egcwele ingxenye ukusebenza emzimbeni. It uhlolwa umgudu wokuphefumula kanye kwegazi, isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, autonomic nervous system, nokuningi. Njengoba isilinganiso lokuvikela iyunithi ikuvumela ukuba ukulwa izimpawu ukukhathala nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, njll

Protipovopokazaniya

Uma wazi ukuthi imishanguzo biofeedback, ukubuyekezwa umzali, kuzame ezinganeni zabo, ngokuphelele omuhle. Eqinisweni, njengoba kunoma iyiphi enye inqubo ku biofeedback kukhona Izimo. Lawa ephule ngokuphelele intelligence ukugula eziyinkimbinkimbi engqondo, isifo sokuwa, nesifo esinzima ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo. Futhi, ochwepheshe musa ukutusa ukusetshenziswa ukwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba ahlanganise iminyaka yengane yesihlanu.

Ngakho ubani ongimise yokwelapha biofeedback?

Abazali abaningi ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe indlela "Biofeedback Ukwelashwa", isivakashi ukubuyekezwa. Abanye omama baxoxa ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, ukuthi le ndlela, yebo, akuyona magic, imiphumela okukhulu ungalindi, kodwa umntwana eqoqwe, ozothile, eside skoordinrovannym. Abanye abazali bacabanga ukuthi inqubo enjalo okuhloswe ngaso uzotshala imali. Empeleni, lapha kubalulekile ukuhlola lokho indlela isetshenziswa. It is kuboniswe ezibangela emnceleni engqondo, impatho eziluthayo nokuziphatha nemikhuba ehlanekezelwe, kanye indlela ekwelapheni imithi zengqondo. Kungase kutholakale Kusizuzisa ngokucindezeleka, uvalo, ubuhlungu bekhanda, njll Kunoma ikuphi, ke akuvimbeli zangaphambi uthintane ne udokotela.

Ububanzi

yokwelapha Biofeedback sisetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Luye lwaba kweyodwa kungaba bahlukanise wabayisa emitholampilo non-emtholampilo. Ngakho, ngo-ukusetshenziswa okungezona zokwelapha ungalungisa izinkinga ezifana nokutubeka, ukucindezeleka, ukuzikhandla ngokweqile. ukusebenza kahle High on the abafundi, siyivumele ukuba ngcono imiphumela yabo. It akuvimbeli ukusetshenziswa sokuvivinya abasubathi nabantu yobuciko.

Ukuze ukusetshenziswa emitholampilo zihlanganisa iziyaluyalu ikhipha engazinzile engqondo, ezifana-ADHD futhi akakhulumi, iziyaluyalu bohlu Autism. ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekulungiseni ukuncika, ukuncika chemical ikakhulukazi.

ukwelashwa Biofeedback - lokho ukulungiswa lwezindaba zezingane?

Le nqubo ibizwa kabanzi umise ngokwaso njengendlela yokuthola yokulungiswa ADHD ezinganeni. Lapho le ukusebenza ukwephulwa ukwelashwa izidakamizwa cishe zero. Siyabonga yokwelapha biofeedback, ingane igcina ifundile izindlela ukuzithiba, ukuzithiba kanye nokulungisa ukuziphatha kwabo. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ukulungiselela esikoleni. Biofeedback amaseshini zakhiwa ngesimo imidlalo, benze njalo abantwana bakwa abanesifiso ukwenza.

yokwelapha Biofeedback ngenkuthalo isicelo ukulungiswa yokukhuluma iziyaluyalu. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zombili dizatrii futhi rhinolalia futhi amalimi. Ngo esigabeni sokuqala, uphethwe, okubandakanya umlando kanye nokuhlaziywa yokukhuluma. Encwadini yesibili isinyathelo ingane wethulwa amasignali inqubo SPU. Kubalulekile ukufeza ukuncipha ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo. Kulesigaba lesifanele diaphragm kwezimila. It ikhiqizwa silula: ingane ukuchaza indlela yokuphefumula (donsa ngokusebenzisa ikhala, bushelelezi futhi ibanga elide ngaphandle ngomlomo). Khona-ke yena ubheka ividiyo noma izithombe. Inqobo nje uma enza kanjalo yonke into kancane, isithombe esicacile, kubalulekile ukuthi ziphume - futhi iyoba esilufifi. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sesithathu, ukulungiswa yezingxenye esemqoka yokukhuluma. Kubalulekile ukwenza umsebenzi zokuvumelanisa ukuphefumula futhi ukuhambisana imisipha. Kuphindze kutfutfukise likhono prosody: Ubona sakhiwo, buviyoviyo, ngendlela eshelelayo, Umbala ngokomzwelo. Ngesikhathi esigabeni sokugcina awashintsheki nemakhono labawatfolile.

Ngakho, kungashiwo baphetha ngokuthi ukwelashwa biofeedback - kuyindlela ephumelelayo for ukulungiswa ezihlukahlukene iziyaluyalu. Naphezu isidingo inqwaba amakilasi, amakhono abo nibaluleke. Lokhu kunjalo, ikakhulu izinkinga kweqiniso zokuziphatha ahlobene. Kubalulekile ukuba uxhumane uchwepheshe ofanelekayo, njengoba ukusetshenziswa nokuwubuwula zedivayisi ubuhlungu kuphela noma jikelele is akulindelekile ukuba noma ikuphi ukonakaliswa.