Ukusungulwa kwe-ngocingo - isenzakalo esibalulekile ngoba impucuko

Umlando kokusungulwa ngocingo has eminyakeni engaphezu kuka ayikhulu namashumi amathathu. Ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, usebenzisa eziningi zezinzuzo impucuko, abantu acishe never ucabange indlela ukuphila kwawo kwakuyoba ngaphandle labo noma ezinye izinto ajwayelekile kithi. Futhi kungaba okuhluke ngokuphelele.

Ukusungulwa kwe-ngocingo waqala umsebenzi Aleksandra Bella (1847-1922), uthisha izingane eziyizithulu esikoleni e-Boston, eU.SA, owayezimisele ngo-1875 wadala idivayisi olukwazi okuxhunyanwa ngayo inkulumo yomuntu buqamama. Ngo-February 1876 Bell lobunikazi kudivayisi yakhe. Futhi ngo-1878, esimisweni sokuqala, Bell wakhuluma ocingweni umsizi wakhe. Ukudala leli thuluzi kwakunokwenzeka ngemva kokuba kutholwe kushintshana zamanje ngemisebe kagesi. Lesi senzakalo ezimbili engokwemvelo Aleksandr Bell , futhi lisetshenziswe kwaleli washi elisha.

Ukusungulwa kwe-telucingo eqa ukuthuthukiswa zokuxhumana kanye ukubeka yokudlulisa ulwazi kuya ezingeni entsha. Ngaphandle Aleksandra Bella amathathu abaqambi, phakathi kwawo kwakukhona uThomas Edison, uzishaya ngibe yiphayona, kodwa ibhalwe indlela yakhe akekho kubo baqinisekisa.

Konke lokhu kwaqala yokuthi ngo-1866, ngemva kwemizamo eminingana akuphumelelanga, wayebeke le enqamula yocingo ikhebula ukuthi exhunywe Melika naseYurophu. Kodwa ukubuya kulindeleke akazange asilethe, futhi abanikazi ikhebula wathembisa ukubakhokhela imali enkulu premium ezinkulu kulowo othola ngendlela ukuthumela imilayezo indlela ephumelela ngaphezu ngaphandle yocingo. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi sesho futhi kwaba kokusungulwa ifoni. Its isimiso yokusebenza kanje: pulses eyenziwe ngayo inkulumo yomuntu ubanjwe on ulwelwesi okusansimbi wadluliselwa izintambo kagesi, awela idivaysi eyamukelayo, kubangele vibration we ulwelwesi, lapho futhi iguqulwe ibe inkulumo. isibopho okunjalo kwezinkolo kubizwa ngokuthi ishayela.

Ucingo ngokushesha okukhulu kuthathwe indzawo yayo yokuphila kwaso sonke isintu. Futhi cishe engu-70 edlule ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, isimiso wokusebenza amadivayisi enjalo ayizange ithuthuke. Ngo-1973, unjiniyela Motorola sika Martin Cooper wenza ucingo usebenzisa idivayisi yeselula. Kwakuwusuku prototype kwifoni enikeziwe yinkampani ngo-March 6 ngonyaka 1983.

Umqondo yokudala iselula wabonakala ngo-1946, kodwa Phiko nzima kakhulu futhi esingesihle. Futhi kwathatha cishe iminyaka engu-40 futhi bangaphezu kuka-$ 100 million ukuze ujike umbono ibe yinto engokoqobo. Ifoni yokuqala mobile kuhlaziywe 794 amagremu, ishaja ngokwanele kuphela emahoreni angu-8 umsebenzi. Futhi Kubiza cishe 4000 zamadola.

Ukusungulwa kwe-umakhalekhukhwini kanye ukubukeka zokuxhumana yeselula Wawugujelwani ukudalwa ubuchwepheshe samanje sedijithali sisebenzisa. Uma eyolanda iselula, kuba yini eqa omkhulu yenza ukuba bangakwazi ukuxhumana umkhakha ecacile, Nokho ngokushesha socwaningo nentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe. Namuhla, nomakhalekhukhwini - hhayi nje izindlela zokuxhumana, kuyinto ikhompyutha ephathekayo eyenza ezihlukahlukene imisebenzi.

Ukusungulwa kwe-ngocingo umcimbi eyingqopha eyashintsha umlando wesintu, awubeka nesinyathelo esisha ukuthuthukiswa.