Ukushaja okungenantambo: isimiso sokusebenza, izinyathelo zomhlangano ezilandelanayo

Njengoba akekho oye wasungula umthombo wamandla angunaphakade, kuyadingeka ukuba uvuselele njalo amabhethri omakhalekhukhwini kanye namagajethi ahlukahlukene edijithali kusuka egridini yamandla. Akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza lokhu ngendlela evamile ngokusebenzisa ucingo kanye nokuphuma. Ezinye izinkampani ezithuthukile sezivele ziqale ukukhulula amamodeli angakhokhiswa ngokumane abe esakhiweni sedivayisi engenantambo. Ngokusho kwesibonelo sabo futhi "samodelschiki" musa ukuma eceleni, kodwa zama ukuthuthukisa ngisho namanye amafoni.

Okusha? Cha, i-"endala" eyaziwayo

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ukushaja okungenantambo kusebenza kanjani ifoni, kuzomele ukhumbule uNicolas Tesla nendlela yakhe yokudlulisela amandla kude. Ngosizo lwedivayisi esebenzisa indlela yokufakelwa kwamagnetic, eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-100 eyedlule iphethe ukuhlinzeka wonke umhlaba ngombane kagesi.

Isetshenziswa kanjani manje? Esikhathini ishaja kukhona ikhoyili eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, okuyinto umdali nomthumeli wensimu yamagnetic ku-antenna yedivayisi. I-circuit receiver iyinkomba ehlelwe phansi ngekhoyili, ekhonjelwe ngqo ngaphansi kwekhava yefoni. Imisebe ye-electromagnetic ivele kuphela emva kokuba umamukeli efakwe enkundleni yokudlulisela. Khona-ke, ngokusebenzisa ama-capacitors kanye ne-rectifier, amandla enza kubhethri.

Okokuqala, ake sikhulume ngokungalungi kokusebenzisa idivayisi

Kungaba khona yini izici ezimbi kulesi sakhiwo esimangalisayo? Kuvela ukuthi kuneziningana zazo:

• Ayaziwa ukuthi izimpikiswano eziphakeme kakhulu zithinta kanjani impilo yomuntu;
• Ukusebenza okuphansi ekudluliseni amandla ngale ndlela kwaphawulwa;
• Amahora ambalwa engeziwe akhulisa isikhathi sokushaja okugcwele;
• Uma kunamathuba onke, ngaphandle kokulinda ibhethri ukusetha kabusha kabusha, faka ifoni yakho eshaja, umthamo wokusebenza webhethri uzokwehla ngokushesha;
• Uma isifunda lapho ukushaja okungenantambo kuqoqwe khona ngezandla zomuntu akulungile ngokuphelele noma uma izesekeli ezingalungile zisetshenzisiwe, ibhethri ingahle isetshenziswe, "akulungile".

Olunye ulwazi alukatholakali.

Imiyalo yokushintsha "inkinobho"

Ingabe ukufakelwa kokushaja kuholele efonini endala akusebenzi? Manje lo msebenzi olula! Thatha okungaphezulu kwemitha yocingo yethusi elincane kanye nemiqulu ibe yikhoyili ephasile engu-15. Ukuze ugcine umumo wokuvunguza, ukhonjiswe nge-super-glue noma ithepini ehlangene kabili, ushiya amamitha ambalwa amathayela oxhumana nabo be-soldering. Nge-jack yokushaja yefoni, ukuphela komunye wekhoyili kuxhunywe nge-diode ye-pulse, enye enye nge-capacitor. Ukushaja okungenantambo, okwenziwe yimi, akuyona ihlaya, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho ye-physics.

Ukuze wenze isiteshi sokudlulisa, ukujika kwe-1.5 cm yocingo yethusi kubeka eceleni kwendulungu ngesisindo sobubanzi buka-10 cm. Ukuvuthwa kufakwe uphawu lwe-tape yokuvimba noma i-tape, okushiya zombili izingxenye zensimbi mahhala. Ithusi elimnandi le-transmitter lilimaza 30 liphendukele ngenye indlela. Isifunda sivaliwe nge-transistor yomphumela wensimu kanye ne-capacitor. Ukushaja okungenantambo (ngezandla zakho) kulungele: uma ifoni ne-receiver ngaphansi kwekhava ifakwa ngaphakathi kwendandatho yokudlulisela phezulu, ibhethri izoqala ukuthola amandla.

Ukushaja kwe-wireless yonke yefoni

Ama-laptops namakhamera, amakhamera namaphilisi - wonke lawa madivayisi adinga amandla ahlale njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto engathandeki ukugcina ekhaya noma ukuthwala iqoqo lezintambo eziningana ezahlukene. Ukuqeda lokhu kuphazamiseka, isikhathi esithile esidlule abakhiqizi abaningi bezwe abahamba phambili bemishini yokuxhumana yeselula bavunyelwe ukugcina izinga elilodwa ekusebenziseni amashaja.

Amajethi asekela lesi sici amakwe nge-logo ye-Qi. Kuhlelelwe ukuhlomisa amathilomu, amashayibhrari, ezinye izindawo zomphakathi ezinemishini yobuchwepheshe. I-IKEA Inkampani ikhiqiza amasampula efenisha, ephaneli lokusebenza elizokwakhiwa-ngokushaja okungenantambo. Ngezandla zakho uzodinga kuphela ukufaka ifoni noma i-laptop endaweni ekhethiwe (ebusuku noma ngesidlo sasemini), njengoba amandla azoqala ukugeleza.

I-smartphone ne-iPhone ngempela futhi kufanele ihlakaze?

Ukushaja okungenantambo kwe-Samsung kuyinto engavamile kunazo zonke, ngoba ngumqapha osebenzayo wekhompiyutha osekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile. Ukufakwa kwale divayisi akuvumela nje kuphela ukukhulula umsebenzi womsebenzi kusuka ezingceni ezingadingekile zefoni, ukuzondla kude: lapho igajethi ifakwa esakhiweni sayo, ukushaja kuqala ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi kumlenze osekela izinga elijwayelekile le-Qi, ukukhanya kwe-LED okuluhlaza kuqhubeka.

Kungekudala, abaqambi be-Nikola Labs babonise enye yezinkinga. Ukushaja okungenazintambo ze-iPhone kukwazi ukuqoqa imisebe yomsakazo ongasebenzi ngokungenalutho wezimpawu ze-Wi-Fi, ukuguqula ibe amandla. Ngenxa yalesi simangaliso, isikhathi sokusebenza se-smartphone sinwetshwa cishe ingxenye yesithathu.