Ukungenwa amakhaza - kuyini? Ukungenwa amakhaza. izinga lokushisa emzimbeni

okushisa ephakeme - lesibonakaliso sokuqala lesi sifo. Kuyaziwa Empeleni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ukwehla - hypothermia. Yini ebonisa lo sho? Iyini ingozi? Futhi ngokuvamile, hypothermia - kuyini?

Incazelo emfushane

Ake baqonde ukuthi kufihliwe ngaphansi leli gama ongaqondakali - hypothermia. Kuyini futhi lokho kubonakaliswa?

Isimo somuntu, lapho kukhona abukhali hlala, yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi "hypothermia". Ngesikhathi esifanayo lokushisa lomzimba lehliselwa ukuze ukusebenza evamile izitho kunzima kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona ukuphazamiseka ku izinhlelo ezahlukene ukuthi ungakwazi ngisho nasekufeni uma hhayi uthathé isinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ngokuvamile, umzimba womuntu njalo igcina lokushisa evamile. Kodwa uma yamakhaza, ukulahlekelwa sokushisa kwemini izindlela zangaphakathi ngeke sigqibe uqala ukusebenza kusukela ngaphandle. Amazinga iqala ukuze wehlise. Ukungenwa amakhaza kwenzeka. Kuyini futhi kungakanani kuyingozi, funda ku.

Izizathu isimo

Man kuhlelwe ukuze izimo ezibandayo (lapho kuma lokushisa lingaphansi 36,6 degrees) e, umzimba uqala ukushisa. Lincibilike ngokushesha esikhaleni. Umzimba, uma Yiqiniso, okungavikelwe ezifudumele le ukukhiqiza kuyaqhubeka.

Ngenxa yalokho, lapho iza iphuzu lapho umuntu epha ukushisa ngaphezu kwalokho okuke ukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokhu kungalingani kwesimo, hypothermia ucala kutfutfukisa. Umzimba kancane kancane epholisa. A ukwehla lokushisa kuholela ukwehluleka futhi ukumisa kwezitho ezibalulekile. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngesikhathi emiswa hypothermia.

Izimbangela kulesi simo:

• nokunwetshiwe amakhaza, umswakama, umoya;
• abakhethiwe kahle izingubo;
• umuntu engena emanzini abandayo;
• ukungondleki kahle;
• ukukhathala ngokomzimba;
• ukugula, ukulimala, ukunciphisa ukuhamba;
• nokungalali;
• amanzi emzimbeni;
• utshwala.

Kulokhu, ngokuvamile kakhulu isimo esifanayo ebhekene izingane ezincane kanye abesifazane ubudala.

izimpawu zalesi sifo

You azi ukuthi umuntu ukhula ngokushesha ukwephulwa of thermoregulation. Izimpawu ze-hypothermia kungavuka 1-2 amahora kusukela ekuqaleni umthelela izici ezingezinhle. Ngemva komunye amahora 1-2 kuyofika ukuphazamiseka ezinkulu emzimbeni. Futhi ngemva kwamahora angu-2-6 umzimba awukwazi ukumelana. Woza ukufa.

Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngokucophelela nangokuhlakanipha aphathe umuntu oseneminyaka kuphula umthetho we thermoregulation.

Izimpawu eyabonisa esigabeni sokuqala ukupholisa umzimba:

• umzimba athuthumele;
• okhanyayo ebusweni okwesibhakabhaka noma mpunga-abandayo kwesikhumba;
• nokunganaki;
• abanye nedumbe izinyawo, ushintsho Gait;
• ukucabanga okungavamile;
• inkulumo egwinya;
• izandla neminwe ngokulambisa ukwenza umsebenzi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi abakwazi ukubhekana naso.

Kamuva, unezela ngakho izici ezintsha okuyinto kubonise ukuthi umuntu ethola supercooling eqinile:

• umzimba abandayo uma uyithinta;
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane;
• imisipha elukhuni;
• ukuphefumula behlisa;
• ukudideka;
• ubuthakathaka, ukozela;
• nokulahlekelwa ukwazi ;
• lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngezansi degrees 32 e ukundindizela umzimba iphele.

isigaba sokugembula

Kuye isimo nesineke futhi indawo yayo izinqubo umzimba hypothermia isehlane elandelayo zinyathelo:

1. Early. Uphawu lokuqala kakhulu hypothermia is ukuthuthumela. Kukhona emikhawulweni abandayo, izindebe okwesibhakabhaka. Umuntu ahlangabezane ubuhlungu ngenxa yamakhaza. ukudideka Okungenzeka - ukuwaphendula iziqondiso, imibuzo, kubambezela ukusabela. Abanye abantu bangase bavele ukuhwebelana ngokuzumayo kusuka injabulo bengamnaki.
2. Isilinganiso. lokushisa Body sehliselwe 35-30 degrees. Ngalesi isinyathelo zingayeka liqhaqhazela. Lokhu kuwuphawu kuyingozi kakhulu. Umuntu iza buthaka, ukuba ndikindiki. iziyaluyalu Kubhekiwe zokuziphatha, ukukhathazeka, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Abantu abanjalo bangakwazi ukuzisiza, ngezinye izikhathi umbhedo livela.
3. Heavy. Lena sikhathi esibucayi. Uma it wa lokushisa 30-28 degrees. Umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukunyakaza okungalindelekile nemilenze - amajaqamba, imisipha esishubile, kwangathi amehlo ngezikhathi kancane wavula. Pulse ngokulambisa selitholakala futhi kuphela imithambo ezinkulu (20-50 u. / Min). ukuphefumula ababuthakathaka kakhulu. It kungenziwa 4-10 umoya ngeminithi. isikhumba integument abe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Abafundi ungathathi ngamawala ukuze ukukhanya ngenxa hypoxia palsy. Ezimweni ezinjalo, liza yokushaqeka sebefile.

Pathology ezinganeni

Ingane lingase lehle izinga lokushisa for yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ekuqaleni, kufanele kusho ukuthi hypothermia izinsana ababelethwa kungakafiki isikhathi akuyona egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Lokhu kuyinto evamile bokuphila, njengoba thermoregulation kulezi imvuthu azikakabi athuthukiswe ngokuphelele. Umntwana usanda ukuzivumelanisa kwezwe elisizungezile. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, hypothermia ezinganeni ukhomba ezinye izinkinga emzimbeni.

Izimbangela lesi sifo kungafihlwa:

• e amasosha omzimba kwehlisa;
• nokugula okuthatha isikhathi eside;
• exacerbation of noma ezinezifo ezingamahlalakhona;
• yezifo adrenal, yegilo;
• anaemia;
• imikhuhlane;
• amavithamini (ngokuvamisile C);
• ukudakwa ezinzima;
• izifo oncological.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, hypothermia kungaba avuse:

• izingubo enganele zifudumele lapho kubanda;
• ingane ukuwela amanzi;
• ukuzungeza imvuthu izambatho ezimanzi noma eswakeme phakathi nenkathi ebandayo;
• eside eyigeza ingane emanzini, ngisho ehlobo.

Abazali kufanele sinake indlela yokuziphatha kwengane. Uma evele baba bengenandaba, ucobekile, akafuni ukudlala, zaphelelwa uthando lokudla yayo, kunengqondo ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa.

Endabeni hypothermia ngempela ukususa imithombo sokucasuka hypothermia. Ukugoqa ingane ngengubo, mnike baphuze isiphuzo efudumele. Ingane ngokushesha sekuqala ukufudumala, push bamnikele. ukushisa komzimba kwakho kuzosiza kakhulu ngokushesha kunokuba kwengubo yokulala.

zosizo lokuqala

Kubalulekile ukuthi isisulu yayiseceleni umuntu owazi, uma hypothermia iphutha, ukuthi iyini nendlela yokuthatha isinyathelo. Ngoba ukuphila ngokuvamile lesiguli kuncike imisebenzi ejwayelekile asithola safika ngesikhathi.

Ngezigaba omnene elandelayo iqoqo izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze:

1. Isisulu uholwa egumbini efudumele. Uma izingubo ezimanzi, abanye-ke, qiniseka ukuqeda. Nokho, bula umuntu, kumelwe bagqoke khona ngokushesha, ukuze singathwesi liyochukuluza eminye nokushisa.
2. Kunconywa ukuba bopha ogulayo e nezingubo zokulala ezifudumele. Ungasebenzisa amabhodlela ashisayo-amanzi.
3. You azi ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo ukuxoxa nomuntu hhayi kufanele ngaphandle kuphela kodwa futhi ngaphakathi. Ngakho qiniseka ukuthi ukunikeza isiphuzo efudumele. Kodwa khumbula: baphuze utshwala lapho hypothermia akuvunyelwe nakancane!

Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuba kuthathwe izinyathelo ezingaka omnene sihamba engabonwa. Kodwa isiguli kumele qiniseka ukubona udokotela.

Siza nge ezinzima

Uma kukhona hypothermia sina, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe odokotela abanolwazi.

Usizo lokuqala lihlanganisa izinyathelo:

• ucingo "ambulensi";
• ukufudumala isiguli esebenzisa zokulala, warmers, amabhodlela amanzi (esingeqile 41 degrees)
• isiphuzo efudumele uma isiguli sifuna bayazi;
• yokusiza umuntu ukuba aphefumule uma ukuboshwa inhliziyo.

Akuvunyelwe:

• bezihlikihla nemilenze, kuyoba liyochukuluza ukushaqeka;
• ukubeka isisulu endaweni okugeza hot, izinyathelo ezinjalo kungabangela ukuboshwa inhliziyo.

hypothermia yokufakelwa

Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi, isimo esinjalo bazozuza. Ngokwesibonelo, imithi, sisetshenziswa kabanzi hypothermia wendawo. Lesi isimo lapho selehlile izitho ngabanye noma izindawo emzimbeni. Bona encishisiwe umzimba, encishisiwe-mpilo izimfuno zazo. hypothermia enjalo iye yathola ukusetshenziswa ububanzi ekuhlinzeni. Isetshenziselwa ukungenelela kuhlinzwa ezithweni besisu. Sebenzisa ngaphambi nje kokuba ahlinzwe ngenxa yokulimala senyawo, shayela; e cataract, ukufiphala kwamehlo. Ngu asesebenzisa hypothermia wendawo ngesikhathi ukuhlinzwa reconstructive phezu kwamalungu omzimba, varicose emithanjeni.