Ukudala YAMI Lermontov. izinkondlo ezidumile Lermontov sika

30s baba nesikhathi esinzima emlandweni kwekhulu XIX. Ukubulawa kwabantu ngobuningi le Decembrists salandelwa ukusabela eqinile okwaholela yokwenqatshwa okuqhubekayo izingqondo ezingokomoya. Kwakuthinta ngalesi sikhathi useqale uzwakale izwi elikhulu imbongi abasha, M. Yu. Lermontova owayebizwa ngokuthi umuntu owayezothatha isikhundla njengabakufanelekele ukuhlaziswa A. S. Pushkina. amavesi Lermontov sika - Kutama uhlaziye umlando kanye ngokoqobo, wokumelana despotism elisungulwe lizwe, i uthukuthele ngokukhuza Bakwethu abaye bahlupheka buthule namthetho futhi acindezele amandla.

Masikhumbule izinkondlo edume kunazo Lermontov, kuze kube phakade ukuthi angabhalwa igama lakhe emlandweni izincwadi Russian classical.

"Span"

Uma lokhu yingakho kwasekuqaleni ukukhumbula umsebenzi lyric ebhaliwe Petersburg ngo 1832. Kwakuyisikhathi esinzima insizwa nesishiyagalombili - wayesanda kwesokunxele eMoscow University futhi wayelungiselela impilo entsha, kodwa-ke, lapho, elinde kancane ezimnandi. Ukudideka kanye umuzwa wokungaqiniseki kubangelwe umphefumulo lemigqa imbongi, latsi: "White Sail siyabenyezela ..." ... Kunzima ukuthola umuntu wayengeke abe uyawazi lo mBhalo abadumile Lermontov sika. Ngokuvamile, bebonakala njengoba kubonisa lo mbhali ku okuphila kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo. Ngo ngayinye ezintathu mavesi amabili ivesi lokuqala equkethe landscape indaba emfushane, enye incazelo isimo ngokwengqondo lyrical. Ulwandle isivele ihlobene ukuphila komuntu, kanye ngomkhumbi ubuso bayo - ngumphefumulo edlubulundayo. Imbangela ehola kakhulu kule nkondlo iba nesizungu lyrical, insindiso yena uzama ukuthola emzabalazweni, efana ngomkhumbi, ekulweni ne izakhi. Kodwa lo mzamo akuphumelelanga - isizathu salokhu isimo lingaphakathi endoda ngokwayo.

Kuzothatha iminyaka, futhi umphefumulo imbongi kanye asitholanga ezolile, ngokuba abavukelayo engenabantu eseyinsizwa njalo.

"Ukushona Poet"

Udumo isixhumanisi - yilokhu alethwe ngo-1937 eyalotshwa imbongi abasha izinkondlo zakhe edume kakhulu. Mikhail Lermontov kwezinsuku ezimbalwa wafundiswe yonke ingxenye eziphambili Russia njengoba indoda ababebe nesibindi sokuba inselele amandla ekhona. Futhi emibuthanweni enkantolo, masinyane baphendukela nombhali "ephikisayo okuyihlazo" futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe kwaba ngaphansi kokuhlolisisa eduze futhi ukucwaninga kaKesari (akazange avunyelwe umklomelo "ukudlubulunda 'nodunyiswayo izimpi imiklomelo).

Ukuqala inkondlo yabhalwa ngakusasa ngemva Duel Pushkin sika. Futhi ngelinye ilanga - ngokushesha ngemva kokufa imbongi sika - ke badayise e emhlabeni Petersburg ubala. Ngemuva kwesivivinyo baqhubeka Dantes sengathi uqala inkondlo odumile - Lermontov ngoba "Ukushona Poet" wathunyelwa eCaucasus - "Futhi wena, zidla inzalo ...".

nokubaluleka okungokomlando nezenhlalo yalo msebenzi kunqunywa ngokuyinhloko yokuthi kuwo umbhali wazama ukwenza umqondo ukufa kabuhlungu ka Pushkin njengoba imbongi nhlobo. Ubizwa kusolwe kokufa genius emphakathini, ukushaya ngqo Dantes "ungumbulali 'futhi Izicukuthwane" entsha "-" zidla "futhi" ezimbi ". Ngo inkantolo awukwazi ukuma uqine izinkondlo edume kunazo Lermontov: "Futhi asikho basuse zonke igazi Poet igazi lakho lokulunga!". Mikhail Yurevich kwabokuqala ababoshwa bese ithunyelwa eCaucasus empini.

"Tuchkov"

Lokhu senkondlo, ebhekisela esikhathini kwephuze imbongi, has prehistory yayo. Ngo-1840, ngaphambi olandelayo Ukuhamba for eCaucasus, Lermontov wema efasiteleni ku Petersburg endlini Karamzins wabukela iqhubu somhlaba esibhakabhakeni ngamafu. Obonwa isithombe ophoqelelwe imbongi ukucabanga mayelana isiphetho sabo siqu. Ngokukhulu ukushesha wayesenentshebe ukushiya Petersburg, abantu abathandayo. Yingakho indlela yabo eyinhloko kule umkhiqizo, kuhlanganise inkondlo odumile Lermontov: "Tuchkov wasezulwini, imihambima okuphakade ..." - wafaniswa. UQobo phetho imbongi wabona ukubuyisa efanayo futhi unesizungu njengoba lezi izindikimba zasezulwini. Ngakho umqondo odingisiwe umuzwa phakade ngobugebengu ubuhlobo lokhokho babo. isimo esinjalo, ngasendleleni, babevamile kwabaningi ababephila ngesikhathi sakhe Lermontov, owakhulela 30s nzima futhi 40s.

Kodwa iqhawe lyrical awukwazi ukubona ngokugcwele tuchkami abandayo qakala. Ngokuphambene, kuba esivela umuzwa ekhaya, okuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuba minza. Kulo mbono, a zefilosofi subtext: bemvelo imahhala, kodwa isiphetho imbongi ahlaza lithembela ngokuphelele isinqumo iziphathimandla.

"K ***" ( "Angingaphansi kuwe ...")

Kube Lermontov futhi umugqa okusuka enhliziyweni ngothando. Eziningi kuzo abazinikele N. F. Ivanovoy, lapho Mikhail waba nesithakazelo zisencane. Nokho, akazange bayawuthanda umoya okuqotho nsizwa, futhi kuze kube phakade libukelwa phansi ukholo lwakhe abesifazane. Waba yini umphumela wesibindi uthando unrequited futhi baba inkondlo "Ukuze ***" abhalwe 1832. Umbhali wayo uqhathanisa umuzwa ngobuqotho okumsulwa ukukhohlisa nokwenza ngokuzenzisa nje, nethemba injabulo - badumaza ezijulile. Lawa amavesi uthando Lermontov. imigqa adumile: "Ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbe lezo zikhathi ukuthi sekudlule ezinyaweni zakho, mina waphucwa ugqozi!" Ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa isimo sokuma imbongi, azinikele lokubhala.

"Ukuzindla Lermontov - izinkondlo zakhe"

Wathi yemisebenzi Mikhail Yurevich waseHerzen. Empilweni yalo iDemo imbongi wabhala izinkondlo engaphezu kwamakhulu amane lyric. Lokhu "Borodino" futhi "acabange" futhi "ngiphuma wedwa endleleni," futhi "Womthandazo" ... Kunzima ukukhetha into eyodwa nje, ngoba ngamunye wabo ngokwanele ukwelekelela uhlu imisebenzi engcono esankondlo izincwadi Russian.