UHenry Ford: A Biography futhi indaba impumelelo

unjiniyela waseMelika, umsunguli usozimboni uHenry Ford wazalwa ngo-July 1863. Waba ukuziqhenya embonini yezimoto-United States, umsunguli we iFord Motor Company, umhleli we zokukhiqiza umklami nentambo-elihambayo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Car Genri Forda wadala njengoba omuhle wobuciko, akukho engadingekile, ubuhle abheke ukuthi kungenzeka yayo kanye nokusebenza. Futhi - hhayi ithoyizi okunethezeka. Lena elula, isipho ezingabizi owenza umndeni ovamile waseMelika we uHenry Ford. Biography bezinto nabaqambi - isibonelo esihle kuwo wonke umuntu.

Merit

Legend Abasekeli i- "American Dream", uHenry Ford akazange usungula noma imoto noma elihambayo njengoba isiqiniseko amaningi. Ukuthutha self ezinezinjini yasungulwa kudala kakhulu kunalokho abanye Isihlengo Olds futhi zommbila futhi inyama emasakeni izitshalo Chicago Sekuyisikhathi eside esetshenziswa elihambayo amabhande.

Famous uHenry Ford, ogama Umlando womuntu ophilako ekugcineni ethola imininingwane eyengeziwe futhi kumnandi ngokwengeziwe, yokuthi wakwazi ukwakha intambo emsebenzini. Futhi ibhizinisi yezimoto - futhi umqondo wakhe, kuthwelwe ukuphila kwakhe. Futhi okubaluleke - ukuphathwa. Kwezomnotho amabhizinisi ehlelekile kudingeka abaphathi, futhi zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili wanika usomabhizinisi emhlabeni Umakhi. Usomabhizinisi engcono kwekhulu, ngokuvumelana umagazini Fortune!

Bona ayeyakhe ngayo ukukhiqizwa enkulu ekhona ngaleso sikhathi, i-umkhakha wangempela, lapho Ford wenza bhiliyoni wakhe wokuqala (manje imali "kukhona" Abangu-Six billion). Izimiso abaphathi bayo kusadingeka nethonya elikhulu kuso sonke Tenor emphakathini US. Ford ephethwe ukuthengisa nanhlanu eziyisigidi nesigamu "Ford T", futhi kudingekile ukwenziwa okusemgqeni elihambayo uye zijwayele libhayisikili mgwaqo.

Umphikisi futhi umdali Management

Uma kwakungekho owayephikisana izimiso ukuphathwa uHenry Ford, yomlando wakhe ngeke agcwaliswa isihloko usomabhizinisi engcono. Wayefanele izimiso zakhe: isisebenzi okhokhela kabili njengoba abanye abaqashi, badayisa izimoto at enkulu ehlisiwe. Ngakho wadala ekilasini, namanje ukubizwa ngokuthi "blue-collar". Akazange aphakamise isidingo imikhiqizo yabo. Cha! He qamba izimo edingeka kangaka.

It ngempela akazange kuhambisane nezimiso kwenqubomgomo zezimboni ekhona. ithiyori Ukuphathwa sidalwe futhi washayelwa e ukuxhumana siphikisana Ford theorists ababengakwazi lokuwina automaker yizicukuthwane kuze wabonakala Manager nongoti General Motors, okuyinto baphula Genri Forda e impikiswano yangaphakathi. Ford Ngakho yimpumelelo, ogama biography ufanelwe ngothi umlobi Hollywood movie zombhalo, njengoba usomabhizinisi, iphahlazeka ngo-1927.

Uma umkhiqizo kubalulekile

Ngalesi sikhathi, uHenry ingasakwazi beshintsha izinkolelo zabo. Ngempela "zazvezdilsya", okungukuthi, kwaba ngokugcwele nokufaneleka kwabo. Kodwa izikhathi ezintsha ngizile, ushintsho ayengazange waphawula. ukuphathwa ngempumelelo ukukhiqizwa manje siyadingeka, nge izinga entsha ukuphathwa, futhi kulesi sikhathi bengaqondi uHenry Ford. Quotes kuye ngalokhu emangalisayo "Gymnastics - umbhedo abantu enempilo kuba abantu into engenamsebenzi ogulayo - is contraindicated .." Isimo sengqondo esifanayo yena ukuphathwa.

Ford wayeqiniseka ukuthi uma umkhiqizo kuhle, ngokuqinisekile ukuletha inzuzo, futhi uma kukubi ke ubuholi ngokuyisimangaliso kakhulu engalethi imiphumela. Ford edelelekile ubuciko nokuphatha, egijima izitolo, kulolu cwaningo wabheka ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela, imiqulu yezezimali okwabonakala kuye nauseous, wazonda bebhange wavuma imali kuphela. Bezimali kwakungokomnikelo kuye amasela, befisa ukuthola inzuzo, izinambuzane nabaphangi, kanye bamasheya - izimuncagazi. Futhi abanamakhono ngakho izingcaphuno uHenry Ford ngawo kulesi sihloko! Namanje ukuphathwa esibonga uzisebenzisela njengesibonelo yokulahlekelwa umuzwa kwezamabhizinisi. Noma kunjalo, uma kwakungafanele ngenze kanjalo, ikhasimende waba qotho.

umkhiqizo ngokwethembeka

Genri Forda ayebatshele zona ngale ndaba ehambisana zonke izikhathi: "umsebenzi kuphela lakha igugu!" - Angizange ukhathele futhi eliphinda. Kwenzeka kanjalo-ke. ekukhiqizweni ngesikhathi isitshalo akazange aqale kuze kube imodeli Siye azifinyelelanga ekahle, ngokuphelele jikelele, ngesikhathi Ford akholelwa ukuthi isimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho kushintshwe umjikelezo zokukhiqiza, kanye imoto lufakwa ekusakazeni. Abaphathi ufuna isizukulwane inani, Ford ifuna ukuba iminyango basebenza ndawonye kanyekanye, bese inzuzo ngokwalo ngokukhululekile ageleza eya ibhizinisi.

Zonke imibuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yokuba inhloko inkampani ukunquma. Theory Genri Forda lalithé: ukubaluleka isu market "Ukungena zamanani". Minyaka yonke ngevolumu ukukhiqizwa inyuka, izindleko ziyancipha unomphela, njalo falling intengo imoto - ngaleyo ndlela kwakha inzuzo ukukhula babathola esitebeleni, njengoba funa liphuma. Inzuzo ngempela wabuya ekukhiqizeni. Nakuba izimiso ka Genri Forda wayesebenzela impumelelo commercial, bathi wayeyingane efana nezinye usomabhizinisi-individualist - bamasheya abakhokhelwa nhlobo.

nokuyigugu

Lapha kuba, iphupho American: azalwe, efana uHenry Ford, emndenini oswele kungase kube ukulima, ukuba ukuceba futhi adume. Bakwethu bangakhohlwa ngubani umongameli zabo namuhla, kodwa imoto Genri Forda esiyokhunjulwa njalo. Ford wakhonza njengephayona umbono walokho okubizwa ngokuthi olulodwa konke ukuphila kwakhe, bahlulwa ngokuphelele, behlekwa usulu kwandile, wahlushwa usongo eyinkimbinkimbi. Kepha icebo labo wasifinyelela: ukwakha imoto futhi wenza izigidi zezigidi.

Unkosikazi Genri Forda - Clara - wayengomunye futhi ukuphila kwabo konke. Wayethembele ngokuphelele, ukusekela zikhathi ezinzima ngenhliziyo yonke. It wake wabuzwa ukuthi ngabe waphila ukuphila kwakhe, uma unikwe ithuba lesibili. izitatimende Genri Forda bekusolo njengabakufanelekelayo Izinkumbulo: "Ngiyavumelana, kodwa ngaphansi kombandela owodwa: Ngithathe oshadayo futhi Clara."

ekuqaleni

Empeleni, ukuphila uHenry waqala akulula neze. Wazalwa epulazini Michigan, lapho kusukela zisencane ezingamaKristu kwakudingeka zisebenzele ukusiza uyise emkhakheni. Wayeyizonda ngempela lo msebenzi. It bakhangwa imishini. Futhi lokho ayekubona engu-nambili umusi Locomobile lanyakazisa umphefumulo womfana ukuba kakhulu phansi. Waqala kanjalo-ke umlando Genri Forda.

Nsuku zonke kuze kuhlwe, uHenry wahlupheka lapho kwakhiwa indlela ezihambayo. Akabange esaba khona njenge-umfana abavamile: emaphaketheni egcwele nati, esikhundleni amathoyizi - amathuluzi. Abazali ethulwa kuqala yakhe iwashi ukuphila, wenza ngosuku olufanayo futhi sebuqoqiwe. Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu ukugiji- emapulazini angomakhelwane futhi balungisa konke yimiphi izindlela, futhi esikoleni, ngakho akazange bephothula. izitatimende Genri Forda kamuva kule ndaba akukashintshi ideologically. Wathi izincwadi ayifundisi lutho esisebenzayo, futhi imishini iyona indlela ebaluleke kakhulu kwalokho, njengoba umbhali wezincwadi, angathola zonke imibono bakwazi sizisebenzise.

umusi izinjini

Henry angazanga lonke: kusukela izimpande kwezolimo waphula ngokuphelele, wasebenza esitolo umshini, futhi ebusuku izimfa iwashi, eshikashikeka ngesikhathi ngamagugu. Njengoba umqondo ayebonakele kakade, futhi ukuthutha self ezinezinjini kuphela wathumba wonke amaphupho akhe, ngaso elishumi linamithandathu bajoyine "Westinghouse" inhlangano uchwepheshe kanye nokulungiswa umusi izinjini. Lezi multi-ton imoto izilo ukwenza 12 amakhilomitha angu nokuningi ukucindezelwa kwakuvame ukusetshenziswa njengezaba ugandaganda ngayinye. locomobiles imigwaqo eminingi yayimincane, ukuze kungabi njalo umlimi ayengathenga imoto esinjalo.

Inkampane yokuqala Genri Forda, nakuba kwakungelona ingane yakhe, wamnika ithuba zikhule kule mkhakha, ukuthatha imibono bese uyazama eyisebenzisa. Umzamo wokuqala kwaba ukwakha ukukhanya umusi ezinqoleni ukulinywa. Henry wakhumbula lokhu ngoyise, ngalokho okwehlela iphupho uyise emsulwa indodana-mate, futhi unembeza wakhe, yebo, ayinandaba. Yingakho wayefuna akhulule ingxenye ezinzima abalimi bayeke umsebenzi oyinhloko emahlombe kayise ehhashini yensimbi.

Injini ye-isakhiwo esisha

Tractor - hhayi umkhiqizo mass. Abantu bafuna imoto, okuyinto angahamba emigwaqeni, kunokuba idivayisi umsebenzi ensimini. Nokho, iloli, wabuthela Henry, kwakuyingozi: isimo sikuvumela ukuba ahlale ibhomu kuka kubhayela ngaphansi kwengcindezi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ford Young watadisha boilers ka yonke imiklamo futhi ngabona ukuthi ukuze nabo esikhathini esizayo akuyona amatilosi lula injini for ezimbalwa engenakwenzeka. Kuye kuthi lapho sebezwe izinjini igesi, Ford wagcwala nethemba elisha.

Abantu abakhaliphile wamlalela ngesithakazelo, kodwa impumelelo Genri Forda kuleli cala, ngokuphelele, hhayi abakushoyo. Akazange wahlangana umngane eyodwa abantu abafundile ababeqonda ukuthi i yangaphakathi omlilo injini ikusasa lesintu. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zonke amathiphu "elihlakaniphile" akazazisi. Lokhu injini Genri Ford eklanyelwe ngo-1887. Ngenxa yalesi ayenakho ukuqaqa injini igesi Filippa Lebona futhi siyaqaphela ukuthi awukho yilokho, bese ubuyela epulazini ukuze uzizamele khona.

Engineer futhi umakhenikha

Ubaba ukubuya ujabule yendodana yakhe wamnika ingxenye yehlathi, ukuze kuphela okwamiswa ngalo ukuba izingcezu yensimbi abelethwe. UHenry Ford, kancane ngobuqili, bavumelana, eyakha indlu yayo, yokusaha, workshop washada Clara. Yiqiniso, sonke isikhathi khulula wachitha in the workshop, batifundzela tincwadzi Mechanics, eklanyelwe.

Njengoba wedwa epulazini kwakungenakwenzeka ukuhambisa, wathuthela Detroit, lapho wathenjiswa iholo $ 45 ukuze inkampani kagesi. Clara uye wasekela njalo umyeni wakhe kukho konke okufunayo.

Ngo nozakwethu olusha mayelana uzwela yabo okubuhlungu akawutholi ngoba babeqiniseka ukuthi konke ugesi ngekusasa kule planethi, futhi lapha mina, "uyise wabo ugesi" uThomas Edison wayenesithakazelo, asabela ngokuqonda futhi sangifisela inhlanhla. UHenry Ford kwaba ngendlela emangalisayo owesese.

Okokuqala umshayeli Melika

Lapho 1893 uHenry Ford yagingqika Detroit e yakhe imoto yokuqala nge injini amandla omlilo, anibizela emabhayisikili isikwele, ihhashi shied, abedlula ngendlela babe tarahtenie bamangale elikhulu, beza, babuza. Nokho kwakungekho imithetho yomgwaqo, ngakho kwakudingeka sehle siye uthole imvume kumnikazi amaphoyisa. Ngakho waba umshayeli wemoto lokuqala elivunyiwe ngokusemthethweni Melika.

Ride iminyaka emithathu, uHenry ithengiswe ingane yokuqala for dollar angamakhulu amabili wazigqokisa kudalwa imodeli entsha imoto engasindi. Wabe ngandlela-thile wacabanga ukuthi namaloli akudingeki. Oh, uma uye wabheka ukudalwa inkampani yakhe - Ford Expedition ke nje nami ngiye washintsha umqondo wami. Nokho, uma ayekholelwa ukuthi umkhiqizo mass ungukukhanya futhi kufinyeleleke.

Ngaleso sikhathi, inkampani kagesi wenza unjiniyela walo wokuqala, okhokhela $ 125 ngenyanga, kodwa ucwaningo yezimoto uvuse intukuthelo yakhe njengomholi. Kukholakala kuphela ugesi. Le gesi - akukho. Inkampani predloozhila uHenry Ford esiphezulu nakakhulu, kodwa ake nje kuye ukuwuyeka lo umbhedo futhi uzobe wahlanganyela khathesi. Ford wacabanga, futhi wakhetha iphupho lakhe.

racing car

atholakala ngokushesha abangane imali ku okudalwe Detroit Automobile Inkampani ukwenziwa racing izimoto. Umqondo ekukhiqizweni uHenry Ford wahluleka ukukuvikela. Abangane kwakudingeka imali, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza emotweni bamane abawubonanga. Nokho, imali enkulu akukho ibhizinisi elilodwa futhi akusizi ngalutho. Ngo-1902 washiya inkampani, ungalokothi ukuwela esimweni nokulutheka. "Zonke ngedwa!" - uHenry Ford watshela yena. Izimpumelelo ayesendleleni.

Speed ayikaze emotweni Ford kwabavelela, kodwa ngoba umphakathi kungenziwa kuphela ukunqoba bakhangwa, waphupha ukulungiselela izimoto ezimbili, eyenzelwe ngesivinini. "Ngokuhamba isiqinisekiso alithembekile kungeke kwanikezwa - wazindla wathi, - Kungenzeka ukuba bawe Niagara Falls ne ingxenye enkulu inhlanhla."

Kodwa imishini sebekufanelekela emncintiswaneni. Kwakukhona kuphela umshayeli wemoto. Nge umoya shanela bavumelana umgibeli ku Oldfield umndeni, ofuna amadlingozi. Kodwa akazange wahlala beshayela imoto. Kwaba ngeviki elingaphambi uhlanga. Lo muntu owayegibele ibhayisikili akazange ukudanisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akazange angishayele ucingo waqalaza, akazange ukubheka emuva futhi musa ukubambezela ku ematfuba: njengoba "vtopil" isinyathelo kuya metal ekuqaleni, futhi akazange sinciphise ijubane kulo mjaho. Ford imoto okwakufika kuqala. Abatshalizimali anentshisekelo esingangesonto kamuva inkampani yasungulwa, inzalo enkulu yokuqothulwa kwehlathi lase-Ford - Ford Motor.

Izimoto for zonke

inkampani siqu Genri Ford ihlelwe uhlelo siqu kakade. I kuqala kwaba umkhiqizo okuthembekile, lula ukusebenza, ezishibhile, kulula, mass. Ford engafuni ukusebenza ngoba abacebile, kodwa wayefuna ukwenza wonke umuntu nabo bajabule. Ayikho okunethezeka, umhlobiso elula kakhulu futhi zisebenza kahle. Futhi isithunzi brand, futhi, kwakungasho lutho lokho. Ngisho namagama amahle imifanekiso zakhe babengekho, ngalinye elisha wabiza le ncwadi esilandelayo zamagama.

Ford igcinwe isimiso yezimali emithathu eyisisekelo: ungathathi dolobha zabanye abantu, konke zingathengwa kuphela imali, futhi zonke inzuzo ngempela wangena ekukhiqizeni. Izinzuzo bathembele kuphela abenza ukudala umkhiqizo ngubani. Yonke imicabango, yonke imizamo iqondiswe Ford ukwakha imoto jikelele. It sekuyinkinga imodeli incwadi "T". Langaphambilini nabo bathengisa kahle kakhulu, kodwa, uma kuqhathaniswa "T", babebonakala nje zokuhlola. Manje ukukhangisa ayengakwenza kufanele uthi: "Ingane ngayinye uzokwazi ukuphatha" Ford "!

Isidalwa ephelele

Ngo-1909, uHenry Ford wamemezela ukuthi manje uyoveza kuphela imodeli "T" ne chassis efanayo. Futhi, njengoba njalo, wenza Wit simemezelo: - "Umuntu ngamunye ungakwazi ukuthenga" Ford-T "ngokuphelele yimuphi umbala, kodwa wonke amalunga yimuphi umbala kuyoba black."

Ukuze siqonde ngezinga lomcimbi sekuqalile inhloko inkampani, waqala eninokholo ngokuphelele impumelelo, kubalulekile ukucabanga ukuthi indoda usethe inkampani ukuhlinzeka ngamunye wethu izindiza ezishibhile futhi zikhululekile. Lokhu ngesikhathi sihlobene ukuthengwa imoto.

Imoto kwadingeka ukuba ngempela evulekile ukuze kahle ukwazi ukuthola wonke umndeni. Genri Forda futhi ngokuthi kukhethwa impahla, okufanele kube okungcono. Umklamo kufanele kube kulula ngangokunokwenzeka e segodyanshney amasu - esho. A abasebenzi unqambothi ababenaye njalo.

Ford wathi intengo imoto ongaphakeme ukuze yimuphi umuntu osebenza uzokwazi uyithenga. Lapha, ngalona la mazwi kuyo, abaningi baye bayeka ukukholelwa. Factory amathini! - amemeza abaphikisi bakhe. A model of "T" ngokuthi "tin Lizzie." Kunengqondo, yini umehluko, yeka inja zikhonkotha. Akunandaba - nendlwana uya. Kodwa ukuze adayise eziningi, amanani aphansi ngeke kusize. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa izinga.

ukunakekelwa kwamakhasimende

Ngesikhathi impande embonini yezimoto, imoto yokuthengisa Uyi ukuhlinzwa ezinhle - kuphela. Kuthengiswe - elahlekile. Isiphetho obengeziwe imoto akekho wayenesithakazelo. Lapho ukulungisa izingxenye abiza prohibitively ezibizayo, ngoba umnikazi akunandawo ukuya - ukuthenga libe lihle. Ford ithengiswe izingxenye kancane kakhulu futhi unakekele izindleko zokulungisa izimoto endaweni yokukhanda.

Izimbangi yavusa. Waqala nozungu, inhlebo, ngisho izinkantolo kwamalungelo obunikazi. Ford akazange anqikaze ishicilelwe emaphephandabeni, ukuze yonke umthengi imoto kudingwe iFord Motor isibopho zamadola kwezigidi ezingu nambili baqinisekiswa ngokuthi imali esimweni izingozi edabukisayo. Futhi wabuza hhayi ukuthenga izimoto izinga elidume ongaphakeme at high namanani izitha inkampani iFord Motor. Futhi lokho kwasebenza! Ngo-1927, kwenzelwa amasango ifektri kwesokunxele nanhlanu sesigidi imoto "Ford T", okuyinto ayikashintshi abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-nesishiyagalolunye. Indlela akazange ashintshe nezimiso zakhe uHenry Ford. Biography kuye lokhu ayikapheli. Kwaze kwaba sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1947, le ndoda kwakudingeka okuningi: ukudala izimoto engcono, bhala izincwadi ezimbalwa ezithakazelisayo futhi uqaphele iphupho American.

Lapho kubonakala sengathi umhlaba wonke liphezu kwakho, khumbula ukuthi indiza Ukhumula ukumelana nomoya! Washo kanjalo uHenry Ford. Futhi zonke izinsuku zokuhamba kwakhe kulandela lo mthetho.