Ubuchwepheshe design imibhalo: isikhundla, isakhiwo, ndima futhi ukwamukelwa

izinkampani Ukwakhiwa e ekwenziweni kwamaphrojekthi amaningi kufanele lenze ucwaningo of imibhalo project. Yiziphi izici le nqubo? Olunye uhlobo ubuchwepheshe efanele unganikezwa?

Ukuhlola imibhalo project: Ebusayo Law

Umthombo oyinhloko umthetho, okuyinto obusa indlela lapho luhlolo kumele kwenziwe tigaba imibhalo design, - Town Planning Ikhodi WaseRussia. Okungukuthi - Article 49 we Ikhodi.

Omunye umthombo obalulekile umthetho elisetshenziswa ubudlelwano zomthetho ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa - RF Uhulumeni Isinqumo № 145, bamukela 05.03.2007 ngonyaka. It ulawula inqubo luhlolo iziphathimandla zomphakathi.

Ngakusasa umthombo oyinhloko umthetho - koMthethonqubo ukubunjwa design imibhalo, evunywe Uhulumeni waseRussia № 87, eyamukelwa 16.02.2008 ngonyaka. Lokhu Regulation usungula izidingo eziyisisekelo ngemibhalo efanele maqondana nalapho ngesikhathi luhlolo is kuhlolelwe ngokunemba design nokuqukethwe.

Efana ne umthombo umthetho - koMthethonqubo ku isimo ngobuchule ukuthi uHulumeni Russian inombolo Isinqumo 272 lwaqala, bamukela 31.03.2012. Ngebanga lalokho, lokhu isenzo normative ulawula indlela, inqubo okukhulunywa ngakho, inhlangano eyimfihlo sekhono kunesidingo.

Ubuchwepheshe design imibhalo wenziwa uma sikhuluma iphrojekthi, okuyinto lakhiwa njengengxenye into yokwakha inhloko-dolobha. Ukuze ukuqalisa amaphrojekthi ezinjalo kungase futhi kwenziwe survey zobunjiniyela. Ngokuphathelene nabo zamukele ubuchwepheshe ezifanele.

Inqubo embuzweni, ngokuhambisana nomthetho zokulawula esiyolandelwa yizinhlangano wahulumende nobe wangasese. Ngezinye ukukhetha kwayo unjiniyela noma ikhasimende ukhethe ibhizinisi has emakhono ngokuziphatha Ukuhlola imibhalo project, kanye nabaqondisi izinsiza ezidingekayo, futhi uma kudingeka, imiphumela ubunjiniyela design.

Lapho luhlolo akudingekile ukuba afeze: ongaphakeme-liphumele izakhiwo

Kuyasiza cabanga izimo lapho, ngokuhambisana elawula umthetho ukuhlola design imibhalo akuyona kwenziwe.

Ikakhulukazi, kungenzeka, uma sikhuluma ukwakhiwa bathinteka yokuhlala lapho azikho ngaphezu 3 storeys, nokuthi kufanele sokuxazulula umndeni owodwa. Okungukuthi, indlu kufanele njengenkondlo ebonisa into isakhiwo ngabanye.

Ukuhlolwa embuzweni hhayi eyenziwa uma iphrojekthi wenziwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zokuhlala, nakho ziqukethe akukho amazinga ezingaphezu kuka-3, futhi kuyinto block isamba esingeqile 10, kuyilapho kulindeleke yokuhlala lapho kuwo ngamunye 1 umndeni. Kulokhu, isakhiwo kufanele abe izindonga langempela, futhi ukuvuleka phakathi amayunithi eduze kumele ingabi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi ngalinye kumele ukufinyelela ingxenye ezivamile. Kulokhu sikhuluma endlini endlini masimu. Qaphela ukuthi ngokuhambisana uchwepheshe umthetho Russian design imibhalo komhiaba angasahlelwa eyenziwa uma eyakhelwe ngezithukuthuku isabelomali Russian.

Kuphethe inqubo okukhulunywa ngayo, akuyona kwenziwe, uma wakha isakhiwo yokuhlala obude hhayi ningi than 3 iphansi, ehlanganisa izingxenye Modular e isamba ezingekho ngaphezu 4, ngamunye ephethe amafulethi eziningana futhi amakamelo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa umphakathi . Ngebanga lalokho, njalo yokuhlala kumele abe yokungena ehlukene, ephumela phezu indawo yomphakathi. luhlolo Ngokufanayo kubhekwe komhiaba ukwakha kwenziwe, uma isakhiwo Kwakhiwani ngezithukuthuku isabelomali Russian.

Lapho okuqotho kungase angavezwa: izakhiwo zebhizinisi

Inqubo embuzweni hhayi eyenziwa uma iphrojekthi ngaphansi ukwakhiwa bathinteka izindlu enhlokodolobha izindawo ukuphakama engadluli endaweni phansi 2 ezingekho ngaphezu 1,500 square metres. m, ayenzelwanga khaya izakhamuzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ezifanele ebhizinisini. Nokho, Examination nokuvunywa imibhalo project izakhiwo ezinjalo, abazenzi, uma ihlukaniswa njengoba izakhiwo eziyingozi, kunzima noma eyingqayizivele.

inqubo kubhekwe is hhayi lwenziwa uma iphrojekthi ngaphansi ukwakhiwa ezimele noma yini engathathwa dolobha ukuphakama engadluli 2 emabhilidini, kokuba endaweni Imininingwane ezingekho ngaphezulu kuka-1500 square metres. m futhi senzelwe umsebenzi kwezomnotho ukuthi akudingi ilungiselelo sesikhashana izindawo noma ezihilela ukusetshenziswa ekhona - nemingcele yezindawo lapho idatha itholakala izakhiwo. Uma isakhiwo libhekwa njengoba into eyingozi, kunzima noma eyingqayizivele - ukudlula Ukuhlola imibhalo project Kuphoqelekile.

Akudingi inqubo okukhulunywa ngakho, uma kuziwa ukwakhiwa kumbiwa imithombo, okuyinto ayakhula kukhona ngokuhambisana nomthetho ukusetshenziswa kugcwele.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uma noma yimaphi ama sites esixoxe ngazo ngenhla, sisendaweni elivikelwe lapho ingqalasizinda iphayiphi, luhlolo okukhulunywa kumele kwenziwe.

Lapho luhlolo lwenziwe: Okunye isizinda

inqubo kubhekwe is hhayi lwenziwa uma ukwakhiwa capital izindawo angadingi imvume umsebenzi wokwakha. Hhayi okwenziwa luhlolo izigaba ngazinye imibhalo design ukuthi uzilungiselele ukusebenzisa kulungiswe izinto ezihlukahlukene - uma asikhulumi mayelana nokulungiswa kwemigwaqo, okuyinto zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa jikelele.

Kwezinye izimo, imiphumela ingenakufakazelwa ubunjiniyela?

Njengoba for inhlolovo ubunjiniyela - imiphumela ayikwazi ukuqinisekiswa njengengxenye luhlolo, uma umsebenzi efanele kwenziwa lapho kwakhiwa izindawo lapho inqubo embuzweni hhayi kwenziwe. Ngokufanayo - ucwaningo ubuchwepheshe kungadingeki, uma kungadingeki ukuthola izimvume zokuba ukwakhiwa.

Manje ake sicabangele indlela lapho, ngokomthetho eyenziwa nokuhlolisiswa mbuzo. Njengoba inqubo kungaba kwenziwe yibo bobabili izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nezizimele, kuyasiza ukuba bahlole ngokucacile kokubili ezahlukeneyo zalo ezinikezwe ngumthetho. Asiqale ngokubheka izici luhlolo isimo. It Kwenziwa, njengoba sibonile ngenhla, esekelwe Regulation, leyemukelwa RF Uhulumeni Isinqumo № 145.

luhlolo State imibhalo project: yokuqinisekisa owandulelayo amadokhumenti

Isinyathelo sokuqala kohlaka wokuhlola isimo imibhalo project - is, eqinisweni, isheke owandulelayo imithombo enikeziwe yinkampani wokwakha ogunyaziwe isimo isikhungo. Le nqubo Kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezingu-3 zokusebenza. Uma indlela yokwakheka imibhalo iphrojekthi ukulethwa luhlolo sivunyiwe, inkampani uthumele inkontileka wokuthatha amagadango enixoxa ngalo. Uma imibhalo akuzona zonke kwesokudla, inkampani ukwakhiwa wathumela nokwenqaba wabonisana.

luhlolo State: lokho kudingeka imibhalo?

Kuye ngokuthi, ngasiphi iphuzu isikhathi ibhizinisi ayefisa ngaso ukuzohlola ngqo ukuklanywa ubunjiniyela imibhalo, bakha uhlu ezithile imithombo olunikezwa abanekhono isimo umzimba. Ngokwesibonelo, uma inkampani ofuna ukwenza ukuhlola zombili izinhlobo imibhalo ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele zithunyelwe ku inhlangano uchwepheshe:

- isitatimende ngendlela enqunyiwe;

- amakhophi amadokhumenti omthetho;

- ikhophi ukuhlela zasemadolobheni;

- Eqinisweni, imibhalo project;

- ikhophi umsebenzi ekuthuthukisweni iphrojekthi;

- Imibhalo sibonakalisa imiphumela umsebenzi wobunjiniyela, kanye ikhophi umsebenzi ekuziphatheni kwawo.

luhlolo State

Ngemva kwenziwa ekuvunyweni imibhalo project, kuncike luhlolo, olwenziwa ngqo inqubo okukhulunywa ngakho. Ukuhlolwa State kwemibhalo ukwakhiwa - isevisi ekhokhelwe. Ngakho-ke, kanyekanye lapho kusayinwa umthetho-isivumelwano ne izakhiwo isimo, okuyinto uqhuba luhlolo, i Ukudluliselwa inhlangano ukuze kusizakale inhlangano izindleko inkontileka. Uma ochwepheshe ziqala ukuhlola imibhalo.

Le nqubo wenziwa isikhathi esingeqile ezinyangeni ezi-3. Kulokhu, uma impahla ingeyona isigaba esiyingqayizivele, luhlolo kumele singeqi izinsuku 45. Yiziphi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama enhle kakhulu inqubo okukhulunywa?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kungenzeka izigaba uhlu imibhalo project ezidlulisela luhlolo wahlola amaphutha angaholela ukunqunywa isinqumo negative ngochwepheshe, futhi uma kunesidingo - ukulungiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ngokuvamile engamiswanga Isivumelwano phakathi ifemu ukwakhiwa nochwepheshe inhlangano. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma imibhalo design noma imithombo, ezembula ulwazi imiphumela umsebenzi wobunjiniyela, wathola kwamaphutha ngenxa okungaba nzima ukuhlola imitfombolwati lefanele, ochwepheshe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka wazise inkampani ukwakhiwa bese ucela ukuqeda zamehlo. Njengomthetho, yinkathi ibhizinisi afunde ukuthi ezinye izingxenye imibhalo design kudingekile luhlolo ngenjongo elikhiphe imithombo ukuhlolwa okuthembekile, kanye yini edingekayo ukulungisa ingeqi kwezinsuku ezingu-10 kusukela ngosuku isaziso ngochwepheshe.

Nakuba abasebenza imibhalo project temakhono ezindabeni luhlolo uhulumeni ejensi angacela kusukela lebhizinisi ukunikeza imibhalo eyengeziwe, izibalo, izixazululo ahlukahlukene kwezobuchwepheshe.

Umphumela luhlolo isimo

Ngokusho imiphumela ochwepheshe akha umbono emihle noma emibi ongoti ejensi kahulumeni efanele sokuhambisana olunikezwa amarekhodi inkampani ukwakhiwa isethwe ku imithetho miyalelo eyahlukile izidingo. Kulokhu, amamaki efanayo ubuye imibhalo zobunjiniyela. Kuphela ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi tonkhe tigaba imibhalo iphrojekthi yezitolo luhlolo noma, isibonelo, i-isikhungo ihhovisi, kulolo vivinyo, kungashiwo imibhalo project. Imiphumela efanele zikahulumeni lochwepheshe kungenziwa inselele. Lokhu kudinga isinqumo senkantolo. Ubuchwepheshe AC ingxenye imibhalo design, lapho sikhuluma izinqumo yezakhiwo kumele kube umgomo, kodwa uma le ngxenyana akunjalo, ibhizinisi angaqalisa ingxabano enkantolo. Imiphumela ochwepheshe kuvame ngomumo amakhophi amaningana.

Ubuchwepheshe State imibhalo project: ezicashile

Uma ngisho ngesisekelo umsebenzi lochwepheshe abanekhono ejensi wombuso evunywe zonke izingxenye imibhalo wokwakha izingxenye luhlolo isimo imibhalo project bangase babe owanele ukuze izidingo lebhizinisi, okuvela ukuqaliswa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ukukhiqizwa. Kulokhu, inkampani ukwakhiwa bangafaka isicelo inhlangano yangasese, okuyinto has sekhono ekuqhubeni isimo Luhlolo yokwakha kanye imibhalo zobunjiniyela. Yiziphi izinzuzo main ekusingatheni lo kuziphathimandla ezifanele?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuhlolwa ezimele inkampani yangasese imibhalo project ngokuvamile eyenziwa ngokushesha ezingaphezu kuka esimweni isikhalo efanele kahulumeni. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa, isibonelo, ukuba khona inani elikhulu ochwepheshe abanezimfanelo ezidingekayo ukuze sifeze nokuhlolisiswa isimo inkampani efanele.

Ezimweni eziningi, isikhalazo ukuze izinhlangano ezikhethekile sisebenzelana nabangebona isimo Luhlolo kwemibhalo ukwakhiwa, eshibhile, kusukela alezi nkampani banelungelo ukubeka amanani phezu kwezinkonzo zazo engabhekiseli amanani setha ezingeni zomthetho.

Njengomthetho, uma sisebenzisa inkampani ezimele akunandaba lapho izifunda ezithile ukwakhiwa obhalisiwe ngokuqinile. Lokhu kukuvumela yokuwuthola okusemthethweni futhi kakhulu asheshise inqubo ukuxazulula izinkinga ezibhekene nenkampani ukwakhiwa.

Ubuchwepheshe State of design imibhalo ezimweni eziningi kwenziwe ngokushesha ngenxa isikhathi salo, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-amanani kungukuthi komthetho - basuke ilungiswe inkontileka. Kususelwa amakhono inhlangano eziqasha abasebenzi, ochwepheshe, imigomo kuxoxwa, futhi kungase kube samukelekile kakhulu ezimweni eziningi.

Kuphethe non-isimo Luhlolo kwemibhalo ukwakhiwa kungase kuhambisane ukuxhumana okukhulu okuningi phakathi kwamakhasimende futhi kunoma iyiphi izindaba eziphathelene imisebenzi eyabelwe inkampani ukwakhiwa. Ochwepheshe inhlangano uchwepheshe kulokhu akuzona iziqondiso elinganiselwe, okuyinto zinquma ngendlela lapho, esikhundleni salokho, kufanele kube umsebenzi izakhiwo isimo.

Amasevisi izinhlangano yangasese kungenziwa amelwe uhlu ebanzi kunalokho isimo njengoba yeluhlolo kwemibhalo ukwakhiwa. Ngokwesibonelo, izazi yezinkampani kungavumi ukuba umane nje ukhombe ezitholakala imibhalo olunikezwa ikhasimende, ukushiyeka, kodwa futhi ahlinzeke ikhasimende ngeseluleko okwengeziwe ngale ndaba ye ukulungiswa emithonjeni ezithile.

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi luhlolo non-state project imibhalo izigaba ezimweni eziningi obulandela isiqondiso okwalandela wemithombo ufundwa izazi ngasese, kakade zikahulumeni - uma lokhu kudingekile kusukela umbono yezimfuneko ukuqaliswa ethile wokwakha.