Ububanzi izitebhisi owawusemzini womzalwane: usayizi elilungile kanye nezincomo

Kuze kube manje, impela eningi abantu esifuna ukuphila kuwo siqu amahle ethokomele onezitezi ezimbili zalo. Uma ekwakhiweni multi-storey womzalwane, ukuhambisa phakathi izibuya kwakudingeka nje esitebhisini. Nokho, yini okufanele ububanzi izitebhisi, usayizi izinyathelo futhi ukuphakama kocingo? Konke lokhu Kuzoxoxwa.

zinhlobo

Akukho yini imithetho ecacile ezizolandelwa umklamo wokwakha, njengoba kubonakala endabeni ngayinye ihlukile. Konke kuncike isakhiwo isakhiwo, ukusebenza kanye lula ukusetshenziswa, kanye uya khona izitebhisi kakhulu ukuthi ufuna ukuthola.

Kukhona ngezigaba ezithile imiklamo ngokuvumelana nezimfuno eziningi, enquma ububanzi okungenani kanye izitebhisi. Bonke bangabangasokile ku mission kunemibandela ihlukaniswe:

• ukusebenza;
• enezisekelo zikakhonkolo;
• okokufaka;
• ukuxhumana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitebhisi kungenziwa akhiwe endlini noma ngaphandle, futhi ube ifomu ngqo noma wohlobo lwe-rotary. Amashalofu okubeka okuyinto imiklamo nomumo ukukhetha lithembela ngokuphelele izintandokazi zakho uhlelo.

izici design

Isiphi isitebhisi, kungakhathaliseki ijamo, ubungako kanye nendawo, inezigaba eziningana okuphoqelekile okwenziwa ezikhungweni design:

1. Ukuqalisa - ebusweni ovundlile isinyathelo, ukuma nosayizi zazo kuncike netimphawu teluhlakasimo lweSitatimende izitebhisi.
2. Risers - mpo ebusweni ezingeni, okuyinto akuyona impoqo futhi ingase ivinjelwe kwezinye izitebhisi.
3. Balusters - uprights, ku zazo ogibele le ukubiya. Badlala indima ebalulekile njengoba obhekene ukuphepha.

Ubukhulu

Uma unqume bebodwa ukwakha isitebhisi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubala ukuthi wawungakanani efanele ke, ngoba kuthinta ethokomele nephephile lapho ezihambayo phakathi izibuya. Ububanzi izitebhisi kuxhomeke ezicini eziningana, okuzoxoxwa olwengeziwe.

ukuphepha

Noma yimuphi kuyanda endaweni yokuqala kufanele ibe ephephile, ngakho lapho ukuphakama ibalwa kanye ububanzi ezitebhisini, kufanele sicabangele izici eziningi, ikakhulukazi uma uhlala izingane, asebekhulile kanye nabantu abanokukhubazeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele acabangele izidingo eziyisisekelo nje isuke ibangelwa imithetho yokuphepha umlilo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uma umlilo, yonke abaqashi kumele akwazi ukushiya ngokuphepha.

Lapho ukwakha uthango isimo ezisebenza kumele ahlukaniswe ibanga-15 amasentimitha. Kuzoba ngokwanele ukuvimbela umuntu ewa esitezi sesibili endabeni, isibonelo, uma ukhubekile noma amahlumela. Futhi uma une izingane ezincane, lokhu igebe kufanele kube ngisho kancane, ukuze ingane ayikwazanga unamathele ekhanda lakhe phakathi balusters futhi babhajwe.

Uma unesithakazelo umbuzo yini okufanele ububanzi izitebhisi esitezi sesibili, kutuswa ukuba bajwayelane izidingo eziyisisekelo namazinga echazwe imibhalo wokwakha. Kuyo uzothola eziningi nezeluleko kanye nezincomo. Ecabanga ngokugcinwa ofanele ngeke kuphela ububanzi kahle izitebhisi endlini esitezi sesibili, kodwa futhi ezingeni eziphakeme zokulondeka, kanye nokusebenza kakhulu futhi lula ukusetshenziswa.

Izidingo Eziyisisekelo umthamo wamandla nezitebhisi indlu yangasese

Kuze kube manje, kukhona imibhalo izinga lobuchwepheshe, ekhomba izidingo eziyisisekelo ukuze kwakhiwe izitebhisi owawusemzini womzalwane. Ukuhambisana, kuyilapho akuyona impoqo kodwa ukuba okungenani amanye umfanekiso wanoma kusadingeka. Okulandelayo izokwethulwa izidingo jikelele.

izitebhisi izidingo ububanzi

Ububanzi ubuncane ezitebhisini owawusemzini womzalwane 90 amasentimitha. umklamo iyincane is hhayi Kunconywa ngoba, uma kunesidingo, lokuphuma esimweni esiphuthumayo izimo kungenzeka yokulimala. Kuyefana nasendleleni ezingeni enyakazayo isitebhisi lapho kumele singeqi engela 40 degrees. Ngezinye ukuthambekela okukhulu anda kakhulu ingozi falling.

Isinyathelo kahle

Ububanzi izinyathelo ezitebhisini kumelwe baqiniseke okufanayo, ukuze uma ukunyakaza ngaphandle kokukhanya ebusuku ungase siwe. Izinga elikhulu ivela ngamasentimitha 21 kuya 35, nokuphakama kwawo kufanele ibe uhla 12 kuya ku-20 cm. Lokubaluleke kakhulu futhi nenani izigaba kwelinye mashi. Kuzoba ezingaphezu kuka aba maningi amathuba okuba yokulimala uma ewa. Inombolo kahle izinyathelo kwelinye mashi waphawula uma ububanzi Kunconywa esikhwelweni, eziyishumi nambili.

Izimfuneko ezisekelweni kanye isimo ezisebenza

Ukuklama ziphephile futhi ukhululekile, isitebhisi ezisekelweni Ubukhulu kumelwe ilingane usayizi nezipani yayo. Pad akufanele kuphazamise ukuthuthwa kwabantu ngenxa yengozi okusheshayo kusukela esitezi sesibili lapho umlilo kwenzeka. Ukuphakama izithiyo kufanele okungenani 90 amasentimitha, futhi handrail kumele bakwazi withstanding nomthwalo amakhilogremu okungenani 100.

ukuseviswa

Ububanzi izitebhisi esitezi sesibili asithinti nje kuphela ukuphepha kodwa futhi kube lula ukusebenza kwawo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokwakhiwa izakhiwo ngezimakethe ukuze bakwazi ukwenza izibalo. Yini ububanzi izitebhisi kufanele kube ku kwaba ezikahle ukuhambisa phakathi izibuya?

Ububanzi span namadlelo kufanele lube sezingeni elingenza la madoda amabili Yakha isilinganiso Yayintininiza ngokukhululekile. Uma sikhuluma izinombolo ke emzini womzalwane kuyoba ububanzi ezanele 130 ngamasentimitha. Futhi uma indlu a inombolo encane yabantu ekhaya, khona-ke ububanzi izitebhisi, linendawo encane khulula endlini noma ukuhlela izici zingancishiswa ngu kufika ku-90 amasentimitha, kodwa umuntu oyedwa kuphela uzokwazi ukuhambisa kuleli cala kulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhambisa ifenisha noma ezinye izinto ezinkulu ngeke kwenzeke.

Ngokuphathelene angle ukuthambekela, isitebhisi ergonomic kakhulu futhi ephephile ithambekele ngu degrees 30 kuya 40. travel ezifakiwe phakathi indawo eyinhloko kanye Loft isitebhisi Lunga ngokusakazwa eyehlelayo kuze kube degrees 70. Lokhu kuyoba okwanele ukuba enyuka elisophahleni, futhi ngeke umsindise endaweni khulula.

Lapho ukwakha endaweni isitebhisi Kunconywa, ububanzi okuyinani elilingana ngaleso span efanayo. Kulesi obuphelele span ibalwa okusekelwe nemingcele eziningana, phakathi okuyizinto eziyinhloko emthambekeni engela kanye ukuma izitebhisi. Uma ungakwazi ukubala zonke izilinganiso owakho ke kulesi simo kungcono ufune amaphrojekthi ngomumo eyenziwe ugibele esitebhisini noma ukufuna usizo umakhi professional, unolwazi nolwazi oludingekayo.

amazinga Ubukhulu kubalwa kusekelwe emigomweni yakho bokuphila nokukhula. I elula kunazo ukuhambisa isitebhisi izinyathelo ezibhekwa, lapho ububanzi nobude akhethiwe ukuze uhlinzeke isinyathelo elula ngesikhathi evamile ngesivinini lwezinyawo. Esikhathini omdala isilinganiso igxathu womuntu obuphelele imayelana 62 amasentimitha. Ngakho, esekelwe izincomo echazwe ngenhla, lapho ububanzi izinyathelo 30 amasentimitha ukuphakama kufanele ibe mayelana 16 amasentimitha.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana yokubalekela umlilo

Mhlawumbe ngamunye wethu wabona kumabonakude, ikakhulukazi amafilimu angaphandle, umlilo, ezakhiwe ngaphandle izakhiwo kanye zenzelwe kunesimo esiphuthumayo welinye ifulethi noma indlu uma umlilo noma yimuphi omunye nesimo esisongela ukuphila. Uma ufuna ukwakha isakhiwo esinjalo ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuthatha ezinye izici ku-akhawunti.

Ngokusho tesakhiwo sawo, awayona kucishe izitebhisi zakudala, kodwa iyincane kakhulu, ngakho ukuhambisa umuntu oyedwa kuphela kungaba phezu kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, osayizi umlilo kufanele ibalwe kuphela ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho, iziqondiso kanye nezidingo SNIP. Nokho, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka emklamweni, kumelwe siqale sithole uhlobo ukuma izitebhisi, kanye indlela obandayo yayo phezu olungaphambili lwesonto isakhiwo.

Amasu ajwayelekile namasu

Ngenkathi kwakhiwa izitebhisi owawusemzini womzalwane kubalulekile ukubala usayizi esifanele wakhe. It is nhlobo ukuthatha noma iziphi izinombolo kusukela ekhanda. Ngo umklamo kanye nokulungisa Ngokuzayo umdwebo isitebhisi kufanele cabangela la maqiniso alandelayo:

• endaweni phansi;
• uphahla ukuphakama;
• izici ezakhiweni;
• uhlobo ukuma izitebhisi, ufuna ukwakha;
• uhlobo wokwakha izinto kokuqeda;
• isibalo abahlali, iminyaka yabo, ikhono nokuhlangenwe izici bokuphila.

Kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ikhumbule zonke lezi nemingcele, ungaqala ukubala usayizi tonkhe tincenye isitebhisi. Kuphela kokuba kubhekwe konke ngokucophelela, uzothola umklamo okuthembekile, ephephile futhi zikhululekile. Musa ulinge bese uyazama baziqambela into entsha, ngoba ngisho iphutha kancane eyenziwe ukuklanywa nokwakhiwa ingenza umuntu abe nethala imiphumela yaba mibi kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu - ekwakhiweni izitebhisi ngezandla zakhe ukuze ucabange ukuthi umphumela wokugcina zonke izakhamizi zase uphephile futhi ukhululekile.