Ukwelulwa ophahleni ophahleni lwendlu; imiyalelo yokufaka, izici kanye nokubuyekeza

UAnnexe ukuba indlu yangasese Kwakhiwani ukunweba isikhala, kwakheka ithala ehlobo, Ukuvikelwa abandayo, ngcono ukubukeka endlini. Kungaba kakhulu ukushintsha design olungaphambili lwesonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ungakwazi ukwandisa ngokuphawulekayo ezisebenzisekayo ephilayo isikhala nge nezindleko sakugcina izinsiza kanye nabasebenzi. Ngokwesiko kunenkolelo yokuthi isakhiwo okumele adalwe kusuka ezifanayo ezibalulekile isakhiwo esikhulu. Nokho, uma kukhona ukhetho olukhulu zokwakha, kungenzeka ukwenza sekugcineni jikelele noma khetha mbumbulu yimpumelelo. Izinto for izindonga kungaba ngezitini, ukhuni noma Foam, nokunye. D. enenzuzo kakhulu kubhekwa njengendlela ukwakha ngohlaka lwensimbi. kubalulekile ikakhulukazi isandiso ophahleni ophahleni lwendlu, nge abulawe efanele kuthuthukisa ukubukeka olungaphambili lwesonto kanye kuqinisekisa ukudalwa induduzo ngaphakathi.

Izinhlobo isikhala eyengeziwe

1. Igumbi. Izakhiwo esisha kudinga indlela ekhethekile, njengoba empeleni kwaqedwa endlini. Igumbi kahle ngci nxazonke futhi ihlinzeka ungangenisi amanzi okuthembekile.
2. Ikhishi. Ngu igumbi kumelwe ahlangabezane nezimfuneko izinga efanayo ekamelweni, kodwa uyoqhubeka uxhumeke wezokuxhumana: kwamanzi nokuthuthwa kwendle.
3. Veranda. Ikamelo ikakhulu senzelwe ngamalanga wamaholideyi wehlobo, kodwa futhi ivikela isakhiwo main emvuleni nomoya. Kungaba ivalwe, noma ngaphandle ukufudumala ke. Futhi esetshenziswa inketho evulekile, lapho kukhona ingxenye kuphela okuthunyelwe nophahla phezu isandiso endlini. Kulokhu, zikhona ongakhetha izakhiwo okunjalo akukhona eshibhe.

Ukwakhiwa isisekelo sokuba isandiso

Isisekelo kuyinto columnar noma ithephu. It kuncike izintandokazi nabanikazi kanye nesimo inhlabathi.

1. Strip isisekelo

Kumila senziwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• kuyakhiwa mass eside;
• indlu has a engaphansi, phasi kanye egalaji komhlaba;
• inhlabathi heterogeneous.

Isisekelo kungenzeka ngezansi inhlabathi okokuqandisa ukujula noma melkozaglublennym 200-300 mm (ukujula ukujula - 550-600 mm). Ukuze izandiso ukukhanya, inguqulo yakamuva njengoba the ningi NEMPUMELELO NGAPHAKATHI ngokuya izindleko kanye nokusebenza.

Okubalulekile! at kwalapho nge base ekhaya kwakheka isisekelo Attached kufanele is integrally nalo. dwala Single azisebenzi, kodwa ukuxhuma ukuba nomunye ngangokunokwenzeka, uma izinduku isikolo metal ku isisekelo ubudala futhi uwabophe yezinyoni ukuqinisa. Ngemva bathele ukhonkolo kukhiqizwa.

Nakani! Strip izisekelo Udinga ukugcwalisa ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi kungcono ukuba baphendukele ochwepheshe ubuchwepheshe ezifanele. Umsebenzi wokulungiselela kungenziwa ngesandla.

2. pier isisekelo

Ukwakha bollards sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo, isitini, noma inhlanganisela yakho. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi komhlaba kuzovula noma non-ngci, yize inkinga isixazululekile nge ukufakwa ukwahlukanisa eyengeziwe Zabirko nge umzila ukuxhumana.

Izinsika ezibekwa ngezinjongo pitch ka 1.5 m, nge ukufakwa saziso nasemakhoneni. dive yabo ukujula 500-600 mm. Komhlaba okuyingxenye camera ibitume ungangenisi amanzi. Eceleni main isisekelo amakholomu uyelulekwa ningahlanganyeli naye ngosizo imigomo e ukhonkolo ukuqinisa nemigoqo.

Ukwahlulela nge ukubuyekezwa kanye izihloko eziningi, kuhlanganise nalabo ababezoba endlini ngaphansi kophahla ezimweni eziningi kuba isidumbu, ngoba iyona eshibhe, futhi kuyinto pretty elula ukwakha ngezandla zabo.

Uzimele isandiso

Aboveground ingxenye isisekelo sendlu futhi izindlu ozama ukuba lobulinganako, kodwa evulanda ungenza ngezansi ushintsho yokuxhuma izinyathelo noma ezitebhisini encane.

Ukuze yiluphi uhlobo isisekelo evumelana phansi lokhuni. Ukuze itheyiphu kungashiwo sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo.

Esisekelweni wesitimela selibekiwe emhlabeni imishayo azungezwe 150 mm ubude 100 mm ububanzi. Ungasebenzisa izingodo luzodla kancane. Ngesikhathi emakhoneni axhunyiwe ngu sivala. Ngaphambi kwalokho, phansi selibekiwe ungangenisi amanzi izingqimba eziningana ukufulela impahla.

Ukuze zisale phansi nangaphansi spikes yokubeka e imishayo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa anemifantu 50 cm. Basuke usufakwa yokubeka futhi uvikelekile nail. Ezindaweni amawindi nendawo uvikelekile imishayo, okuyinto izofakwa iwindi sill.

Racks ukwenza ukuphakama egumbini. Uma kuziwa endabeni yentukuthelo, Uphahla, udonga kwendlu yabo usethe ubude obungaphezulu ukudala emthambekeni. Ukuthi zisekujuleni ncamashi thwi, basuke abethelwe okwesikhashana jib.

Top piping kokwenza kwakungenza nezikhala semishayweni ukuthi ubambe nezikhonkwane noma izipikili ukuze ugongolo ovundlile. Olunye uhlangothi, bathembela ezikhangisweni lokhuni ibha kwesigaba 100h89 mm, ogibele odongeni nge ihange imishudo. Semishayweni uncika eqondile yokuhlala athumele mauerlat, okuyinto lihlelwe phezu esibophezelayo. ongazenzela izakhiwo ezincane ngaphandle kwakhe.

Roof isandiso kumele engene ngaphansi kophahla lwendlu enkulu.

Ukuze kube semishayweni likhreyithi phama. Kungaba inesikhala noma okuqinile, kuncike isicelo ukufulela impahla.

Anemifantu imishayo sill efakwe lag e nokwanda kuka- kungekho m ezingaphezu kuka-1. Indlela ababewenza benzelwe, ikhwalithi incike phansi. lag ngamunye esabekwa ezingeni. Uma kompheme ivuliwe, kuba emthambekeni encane evela endlini, ukuze amanzi emvula angaba ukugeleza aphume.

Floorboards kuthiwa esigaxe kuya joists nge ngezikulufo.

Izindonga akhiwa ngezindlela izingqimba ezimbili, nge interposition of kubekwe uphawu futhi ukwahlukanisa. Yangaphandle zisebenzisa OSB, ipulangwe, amabhodi, ngemva kwalokho zamapulangwe ngombala. Interior umhlobiso ekhiqizwa amaphepha plasterboard noma asezindongeni.

Ukwengezwa ophahleni ophahleni kungase zimiswe kanje:

• kuziwa endabeni yentukuthelo,
• gable;
• ngaphansi kophahla ezivamile;
• uAnnexe nge olwehlelayo kophahla.

1. ophahleni kuziwa endabeni yentukuthelo,

Enye ukonga kakhulu is kuziwa endabeni yentukuthelo, ophahleni isandiso ngendlu a longitudinal adjacently nalokho. Izibuyekezo ukukhuluma esivuna lo mklamo, ngaphandle kwe-design. Ungathola ezinye, inketho kusebenza kangcono uma uvumela imithombo. Uphahla ivuliwe phezulu joists strapping. Uma sekunqunyiwe ukuba angamthinti ophahleni ubudala, okuyinto isesimweni esihle, kuba kummango entsha.

Uxhumano ngesandla esiqinile phakathi izakhiwo akwenziwa. Kuvalelwe unamathele ngokwakha kwakwakhe ngokuhambisa nge inkatho longitudinal esihlinzeka nesibopho esiqinile izindonga benethuba ukuncipha. Ngokuvamile le nkinga siya kwezulu at kwalapho nge odongeni ophahleni. Amanzi emifula sokuxazulula endaweni noma umkhombe seshidi galvanizing. Nge eyanele emthambekeni umswakama engakutholi ngaphakathi.

Kuziwa endabeni yentukuthelo, ophahleni sandiso ukuthi indlu lokhuni inezici isici.

1. I engela ukuthambekela ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-10 ^0.
2. Isandiso ophahleni lufakwa ngaphansi kophahla lwendlu.
3. Isandiso kuncike ekucindezelekeni efanayo nendlu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itholakala ngezansi kophahla main, futhi iningi kwezulu angawa kuso, okwenza samanje eyengeziwe ukwakhiwa nezidingo elawula for ukuqina kanye ungangenisi amanzi.
4. Ngaphandle, isandiso ophahleni akufanele sibheke shabby, naphezu inkimbinkimbi fomu.

2. ophahleni gable

Inketho kufanelekile ekwakhiweni ephezulu grade isikhala evuthayo nge Loft. Isandiso endlini enophahla gable kuba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze ukufakwa ugongolo qala ulungise kweqa (150h100 mm), okuyinto kuyisisekelo sesihlalo ophahleni esizayo. Belala phezu sigqoka nokwanda kuka- akukho cm ezingaphezu kuka-70, bese sinamathela odongeni lwendlu. Ngemva imishayo efakwe truss uhlelo (100x100 mm ugongolo).

Ibanga phakathi kwazo kuyefana ukuthi we imishayo. Lathing ubethelwa imishayo nge pitch elihambisana uhlobo ukufulela impahla. Isigaba wokugcina iyona ukufakwa ophahleni futhi ukufakwa yamanzi.

3. olwehlelayo kophahla

Le ndlela - a ezibizayo, kodwa usebenza ngcono uphahla ungahlela Igumbi ezengeziwe. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuze ulondoloze endaweni indawo, okuyinto iya ngaphansi kwezindlu. I isijobelelo ezindlini nge ezitshekile ophahleni akabheki enhle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngokuvamile ukwenza ukuqhubeka ophahleni eyinhloko isakhiwo. Ngokuya design ungakwazi ukushintsha ukwakheka kwalo.

Uphenyo ezitshekile Uphahla lwangaphakathi impikiswano kunawo, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi umklamo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunzima ukukhetha design ezifanele.

Polyline futhi gable ophahleni sandiso ukuthi umuzi owakhiwe phezu ubuchwepheshe obufanayo. Ukuze isakhiwo agugile is ifanelekile ukwakha uphahla olusha phezu kwendlu, okuzoba ezivamile kuye futhi izindlu. Kulokhu, isakhiwo kuzokhulisa kakhulu ngobukhulu.

umshayo uhlelo ukwakha uphahla olusha endlini kwenzekani phansi kusengaphambili. Futhi ulungiselela Batten amabhodi. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni zizokwenziwa ngokushesha nangokunembile.

Xhuma isandiso ophahleni futhi ikhaya

samuntu Okwezomnotho siyisibonelo extension ophahleni kuya ophahleni lapho oxhumene. Kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ukuncipha, ngaphandle kwalokho kuyoba eshona phansi ngokuhlanganyela. Roof isandiso elise 2-3 cm ngezansi ayisisekelo. Ukuba khona ukweqa ayikuvumeli umswakama ukungena endlini.

isiphetho

isakhiwo engeziwe, unamathele endlini enkulu, kuba ngale ndaba ebalulekile, okuyinto ikakhulukazi angaphansi nezidingo efana nesakhiwo ezimele. kubalulekile ikakhulukazi isandiso ophahleni kuya ophahleni. Uma umsebenzi wokwakha izakhiwo zenziwa igxathu negxathu hhayi ukwenza amaphutha, kulula futhi iqine.