State Reserve "Dagestan": lapho, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukhuluma ngani Dagestan Reserve. Lena indawo eyingqayizivele futhi emuhle.

Umlando sokudalwa

Xoxa yokudala inqolobane e Dagestan zaziseza eko ekuseni. Nokho, bonke baqhubeka ezingeni yengxabano mayelana indawo yayo. Kule nkathi ke sadalwa izinqolobane ambalwa. Engxenyeni zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili wesibili sesibuyele kule indaba ephathwayo, ngokukhetha endaweni efanele. "Dagestan" The reserve yasungulwa ngo-1986. endaweni yakhe of kwamahektare kuka nesishiyagalolunye. Futhi lalihlelekile isifundo futhi kulondolozwe esiyingqayizivele imvelo izakhiwo emanzini eChwebeni Kizlyar (iCaspian Sea). Mangisho ukuthi esiqiwini ingenye yezindawo zokuqala ngenani izilwane (60 zinhlobo), okuyinto ahlelwe Red Book of Russia.

State Reserve "Dagestan" insimu yayo has a inombolo yezinto ezithakazelisayo. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona lesikhumbuzo yemvelo Sarykum dune, okuyinto kubhekwa kwekulu Eurasia. Reserve futhi ingxenye inyoni isici esibangela ukukhathazeka international njengoba Indawo sebuningini zezinyoni ezingavamile futhi ezisengcupheni (Kizlyarskiy Bay). Udabula eyodwa ezweni main flyways zasemanzini nezinyoni.

Uphi State Reserve "Dagestan"?

Lapho kukhona endaweni evikelwe? Dagestan itholakala inqolobane nemvelo futhi Tarumovsky Kumtorkalinsky District of Dagestan Republic. Siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: Kizlyarskiy bay endaweni bole amahektha 18 futhi indawo Sarykumskie barkhans ingqikithi 0.6 amahektha. Ngenxa yalokho, yonke indawo ivikelwe ihlanganisa 19.100 amahektha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMbuso Reserve "Dagestan" lizungezwe Ukuvikelwa zensimu nge endaweni ingqikithi amahektha ayizinkulungwane 18.5.

Ngingabakha kanjani ubuhlobo kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe?

Bhuka "Dagestan", ungavakashela uma ufisa. Kanjani lapho, thina izochaza. Ihhovisi Reserve yiyo e inhloko-dolobha Dagestan. Ngo Makhachkala engafinyelelwa ngesitimela eMoscow, Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Astrakhan Baku, nokunye. D. Kukhona sezindiza iziteshi ezimbili ngebhasi, kusuka lapho izindiza eziya zonke izindawo eRussia.

Uma inhloso yakho ukuvakashela Kizlyar Bay, emzaneni esiseduzane kuba Kochubey (Tarumovsky District of Dagestan). Ungathola lapha yinoma yimuphi izimoto ezidlulayo noma Kizlyar Makhachkala. Kukhona esiteshini sesitimela. Kusukela Kochubey ukuze Kizlyar Bay engafinyelelwa emotweni kube umhlaka 14 nele-12 we okuhlangana kuyo, bese imigwaqo yezwe.

Ukuze ngifike kuleyo Sarykumskie izindunduma, kuzomele uqale uthole Korkmaskala emzaneni. Kumayelana nesishiyagalombili ukusuka Makhachkala. Ngo Kormakmaskalu engafinyelelwa yinoma yimuphi traffic edlulayo. Bese kakade emgwaqeni owubhuqu ngemoto kuya Cordon.

Ukuze sifinyelele reserve Agrakhan, kuzomele uqale uthole ibhasi baya edolobhaneni Staroterechnoe. ibanga elilinganiswayo - amakhilomitha angu-120. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izisebenzi reserve kuzokusa le Cordon ka Chacao, lapho kukhona zonke izimo izivakashi.

Ukuze uthole kuze kufike endaweni ebekelwe Samur, kumele sinqobe mayelana 250 ukusuka Makhachkala ukuba kwelinye lala madolobhana: Samur, Htun, Tagirkent, Bil-Bil.

Ngo Tlyaratinsky reserve engafinyelelwa ngeteksi, ayesuka Makhachkala ukuba Tlyaraty, khona-ke uveze abasebenzi. Benesidingo abe iphasipoti, kusukela emngceleni ndawo.

Sarykum

Bhuka "Dagestan" ngesiRashiya kuphela ongabona ngizibonge zesihlabathi elikhulu kangaka, okuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke kulo lonke i-Eurasia yayigcwele. ukuphakama kwalo kuyinto 262 metres. Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo wukuthi Sarykum - Dagestan ndawo kuphela ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ukushisa okuvamile kuba ngaphezu degrees amabili.

A unyawo iqinile ashisa walo omkhulu ngoba Dagestan (42,5 °). Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa engavamile kungenxa ukushisa okukhulu isihlabathi. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo, imithambeka eningizimu kukhona eliwu degrees ayisithupha. Ngisho ngo-Ephreli izinga lokushisa udlula degrees amathathu.

emhlabeni isilwane

Bhuka "Dagestan" inama ezihlukahlukene izilwane zasendle. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngesikhathi samanje baye ngisho igcwaliswe yokusungula ezigcwele zonke ukwakheka zama-flora sendawo ezilwaneni nasezimileni. Kuleli qophelo esiqiwini amane zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezingu-250 zezinyoni, zenyathi 70 futhi kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-21 zilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ezingenamgogodla wafunda kakhulu kabi.

nezilwane Sarykum

Bhuka "Dagestan" is emhlabeni izindunduma abadumile Sarykum eyaziwa, kodwa nezilwane zalo, ngeshwa, ayiqondakali kahle. Esikwaziyo ukuthi ngesikhathi unyawo dune eqoshiwe 148 zama-mabhungane weevils wedwa futhi 141 zama-phansi mabhungane. Ngokuqinisekile amacebo abasebenzi yesayensi esiqiwini ukwenza ezinabantu ngaphezulu ukufunda zenyathi entsha nezinhlobo, futhi kungakho kungalindeleka ukuthi umnotho wawo ubuyise Ukwakheka zinhlobo eminyakeni ezayo.

abanentshisekelo emhlabeni Lepidoptera dune kakhulu. izilinganiso olwandulelayo ibonisa ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane zezimvemvane ebusuku futhi diurnal.

nazi ezihuquzelayo eziningi kakhulu elincane. Lena isibankwa esheshayo round engumondli. Bathola womabili ngesikhathi unyawo dune, ezindaweni zayo. Ngisho lapha ungathola isibankwa ezimthende, izinyoka, boa entshonalanga, izinyoka. "Dagestan" Reserve bebuthene insimu yalo inqwaba izinyoni ezisohlwini Red egwalweni Russian Federation (Buzzard, Black Kunogolantethe, Griffon Vulture, Lesser Kestrel, isikhova, abamnyama nenqe).

Sarykum, eqinisweni, siyindawo kuphela eRussia lapho evikelwe ezingavamile thukela wafunda: shrike woodchat, abamnyama-eared wheatear, undlunkulu korotkopaly, inyoni emnyama yaseNgilandi itshe eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Lezi zilwane ezingavamile futhi iyikhaya ufudu Mediterranean, eirenis collared, enesihlungu. Futhi esiqiwini futhi siphile Whitechest onogwaja eared, sandstones, enyakatho jerboa Ezintathu, Umbala izimvukuzane, impisi, nonogwaja, impungushe.

izwe yemifino

Bay Nature Reserve yiyo ocebile ezimila emanzini. Coast kokubili edlelweni marsh, ugu, ngakho ehlane futhi ephuma kabili desert zilwane.

Sam Kizlyar Bay ayijulile kakhulu, futhi amanzi kuwo kakhulu ngokwanele desalinated. Phansi kuyahlanganiswa ungqimba elikhulu daka. Lezi zimo neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni surface nohlaza engajulile: cattail uzkolisty, bulrush, umhlanga ezivamile. Finyelela ebusweni embozwe amatshe ka Nymphoides peltata, silwanyana duckweed encane trilobe, Salvinia elintantayo. Kukhona izimfunda kwamanzi yini loko kusimangalise izitshalo ingcebo kwamanzi.

izimila Meadow imelelwa nemihlanga cattails. Ukuphakama omoba waseMeadowlands ifinyelela ngamamitha amahlanu. Minyaka yonke, lezi zindawo zigcwele isikhathi izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezine, futhi ehlanzeni unyaka wonke kungaba ngaphansi kwamanzi.

On the sandy ulwandle osogwini olusenyakatho sikhule izitshalo ezifana kakolweni utshani, cornflower sandy, Gypsophila paniculata, bindweed Persian, alfalfa okwesibhakabhaka. Asemaqeleni embozwe saseLyme utshani, komthamariske, umhlonyane.

Maritime futhi umfula masimu ngokuphelele kutshalwe izitshalo saltwort-sagebrush. Futhi esiqiwini kukhona lulwimi ehlane nethafa kwezimila. omunye Sarykumsky dune kuphela iqukethe ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu, kuhlanganise hhayi kuphela zezinhlobo ezingavamile, kodwa zinhlobo futhi ezisengcupheni: woad isihlabathi, astragalus, Calligonum ezingenamaqabunga, eremosparton bezlisty. Iningi dune - a Sands ezomile. Ehlanganisiwe nezimila emithambekeni ephansi. Ohlangothini lwaseningizimu kukhona kwemithambeka ugema Narat-Tube, okuyizinto uphosa izitshalo esiyingqayizivele.

Bhuka "Dagestan": Izibuyekezo

Amavolontiya abasebenza reserve, wambonga abasebenzi bakhe, ngoba bebona ukuthi yenza kahle kanjani ukuthi zihlobene nomsebenzi wabo futhi indlela yokwenza kakhulu esiqiwini. Bonke abathandi lwezilwane yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene ungavakashela lapha, izazi ngokuqinisekile ukwabelana nolwazi lwabo lwezinkanyezi ababezinikele engokwemvelo lezi zindawo. Futhi kukhona ngempela into ukubona, ngoba esiqiwini "Dagestan" (isithombe kuboniswe kulesi sihloko) has a endaweni enhle kakhulu nemvelo eliyingqayizivele futhi engavamile Dagestan.

Akunjalo kudala ukuziqeqesha reserve izinkambo insimu yalo. Labo ephethwe ukuvakashela Sarykumskom izindunduma kwesokunxele Izibuyekezo rave mayelana lokho akubona, wathi lo uhambo ejabulisa kakhulu futhi ezimibalabala. Futhi kuyiqiniso, ngoba kukhona okuthile ukubona, ikakhulukazi kulabo umazisa ngempela futhi othanda imvelo. Umoya wokwamukela izihambi nomusa kwabasebenzi muhle, ungabona kanjani ukukhathazeka bona abanothando umsebenzi wabo futhi sizimisele ukuxoxa izimo abaphumelela nabahluleka, impumelelo kanye nolwazi nezivakashi.