St Clement Inkerman Umgede Monastery: incazelo, umlando, indawo kanye ezithakazelisayo amaqiniso

Inkerman Umgede Monastery iyona endala phakathi zezindela emhumeni elise eCrimea. Idwala Izigodlo (eweni yayo entshonalanga) ezibaziweyo zako esiyinhloko. On ithafa eweni esithakazelisa amanxiwa inqaba Calamita, ukudalwa ngalo libhekisela ekhulwini VI. Kulesi sihloko, sichaza Inkerman Umgede Monastery, ukuvakashelwa okuyinto buye baba ingxenye ebalulekile izinhlelo kwamasiko abantu abaningi abaye wanquma ukuvakashela Sevastopol. Abode iseduze emzini, Inkerman (Emaphethelweni Sevastopol). Sizokwenza ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ngomlando Isigodlo namathempeli zako ezisemqoka.

St Clement

Umuntu eyasungulwa St Clement emhumeni sezindela kuyinto St Clement, omunye abashumayeli edume kakhulu lwenkolo yobuKristu. Wagcotshwa abaphostoli uPetru wayeseRoma. Ngokuba izwi ubuKristu kuleli dolobha Clement wadingiselwa eChersonese. Kukhona kakade babengaba zinkulungwane 2. Ngaphambilini amaKristu wahlupheka zabulawa. Futhi ngasezinkwalini saint washumayela ukholo lwakhe. iziboshwa eziningi nabantu khulula ongumakhelwane babhapathizwa kuye. Ababusi eChersonese akhathazeke ngalokhu, umbhishobhi wabulawa ngonyaka 101. entanyeni yakhe iboshelwe ihange, bese acwiliswe a Cossack Bay eduze.

Ukwakhiwa esontweni izinsalela St Clement

Ngemva konyaka, ngo-tide ongaphakeme, izinsalela the ngakhethi eyayitholakalé i sivale indlela engena emgedeni kwamanzi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, njalo ngonyaka ngosuku lokufa kwakhe, amakholwa weza endaweni ngokubulawa kwakhe. Baya ahloniphe izinsalela ongcwele izinqe phansi. Kufika ekhulwini XI, igagasi ulwandle uvumele abantu ukuba enze uhambo. Khona-ke, esiqhingini esincane etholakala phakathi bay, ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo, kanye izinsalela Clement wathuthela lapho. Futhi esikhathini sethu kukhona kulesi siqhingi. Manje Insimu Abezempi. Ngenxa yalokho yokuvubukula kwenziwe 1890, amakamelo eziningana, kanye indlwana ne izinsalela saint atholakele.

Ngo 861, le Saints Kirill mina Mefody efika e Hersonissos. Nge kwemvume umbhishobhi wendawo, bathatha izinsalela nabo, wakuthwala wenyukela nakho eRoma. Kuze kube namuhla, basuke egcinwe lapha, e Basilica of St. Clement. Prince uVladimir owabhapathizwa ngo Hersonissos, e X leminyaka, bathuthela Kiev ingxenye izinsalela saint.

ukwakhiwa ukuqinisa

BaseByzantium ekhulwini VI ukubeka oluqinisayo yayo phezulu amawa Monastery. Wahlala nabo selikhule: edwaleni ezibaziweyo kancane kancane amaseli, amasonto kanye emhumeni amakamelo. Basuke bonke zixhunywe izitebhisi ezibaziweyo edwaleni. Kunalokho, zixazululeke-ikonopochitateli izindela owabaleka yoMbuso WaseByzantium phakathi noshushiso iconoclastic.

Ukuvela nemizana, ukuthunjwa inqaba ngu abaseTurkey

Ngo Zagaytanskoy eweni elise empumalanga sigcwele emigedeni ehlukahlukene e eziyizitezi eziningana, kwakukhona zokuhlala ephakathi, okuyinto ayikaqondwa kahle. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni ubufakazi XIV ekhulwini ebhaliwe Kalam asizange sisinde. Le ngxenye eCrimea ngekhulu xv wathonywa Theodoro ubukhulu. E Black River esizalweni somfula itheku Avlita yadalwa. Ukuze uvikele Alex, isikhulu kangupsky kabusha kuyinto esiqhingini izinqaba lasendulo. Ngakho kwaba inqaba Kalamita. Lokhu kwenqaba 1475 abaseTurkey lithunjwa. Bona kabusha ukuze lihlangabezana nezidingo ngesibhamu. Kwahamba kusuka abaseTurkey igama elisha lendawo - Inkerman, okusho "emhumeni inqaba".

Isigodlo ngalesi sikhathi kwaba ziyawohloka. Cishe, izindela babesuke sezindela iCape Fiolent, lapho St George sezindela sasikhona. Abode esizayo lavuselelwa isikhathi esifushane. Ngemva amaKristu Ushiye eCrimea 1778, yesigodlo wagcina esishiywe dengwane.

Ukuvuselelwa Isigodlo

Ngemva nokudliwa eCrimea ensimini Russian waqala ukuvuseleleka Inkerman emhumeni sezindela (eCrimea). Kin lavulwa ngo-1850, naye etholakala lapha waqala kabusha emhumeni amathempeli amathathu. Ngakho ngithola ukuphila yesibili Inkerman St Clement Monastery. Umlando ke kwaphawulwa eziningana izenzakalo ezibalulekile.

Clement Church

Church igama Clement lanikezelwa ngowokuqala (Ephakathi kwakuyizwi St George Temple, okuyinto, ngokusho legend, Clement yena akhishwe idwala). Ibandla unohlobo sokukhulekela. isikhala sayo ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezintathu ezimbili zezitokisi ezingu-amakholomu. amabhentshi Ilondolozwe ezibaziweyo edwaleni, ezinye amakholomu, kanye niche, eyenzelwe altarpiece. A ephasijini eside kuholela esontweni. It usike amabhentshi itshe. Futhi ezisekhona kuze kube isikhathi sethu a Cintron ezimbili isigaba ku Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba. Ngezinye isikhungo kwakhona izinsalela ezindaweni zasezulwini, futhi odongeni ngenhla ke ezibaziweyo niche kuhloswe altarpiece. Massive ukuqhakaza engu- usike lapha. Ngokuqondene eqoshiwe yasendulo ezisekhona kusuka isithombe kuphela esihlalweni sobukhosi koMsindisi.

Okuphansi nabancane yesonto lasendulo yayingesinye ohlangothini lwesokudla yesonto. It is Kunikezelwa umPhostoli A. Andrew. I-altare Chapel ahlukaniswe okuqinile rock udonga lonke. Hlukanisa phakathi babe oNgcwele Iminyango. amawindi ezimbili ezincane, nabo bebekhona. Ngaphansi iwindi ngakwesokunxele, i-altare, i-altare Yakhiwa niche ngaphansi. Duzane naphezulu kwesokudla ewindini esihlalweni yayakhiwe nompristi, eyenziwe ngetshe. Futhi, i-altare elalakhiwe isihlalo sobukhosi itshe, eyakhelene odongeni empumalanga.

Ukutholakala nezakhiwo zasendulo, kuvulwa yeSonto St Martinian

Ngokuhamba sokubuyiselwa atholakele nezinye amathempeli lasendulo, kanye Umbuso indawo amakamelo. Nokho, babengaliqondi zembozwe noma izindonga ivaliwe, ngakho wahlala yayingaziwa nhlobo. Okwesibili e Inkerman sezindela anikezelwe St. ivulekile. Martinian emhumeni isonto. Kuyinto ethempelini unxande embozwe Dome (Semi-isiyingi).

I okunye isiphetho Isigodlo

Eminyakeni emibili ngemva kokutholakala Isigodlo waphula iMpi YaseCrimea. yabambana ngezihluthu wathatha indawo eMfuleni Black. Calamita, lapho amabutho isiRashiya, wawubambeke ngamandla shelled. AmaNgisi impahla baphanga okuqondene sezindela. Lapho impi iphela, izindela futhi sazinza Kin. Bazakhela isonto indlu (Holy Trinity) nekhaya ngaphambi. Izindela bawenza sokubuyiselwa zokuxhumana umthombo. Clement. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ehhotela for ama-pilgrim lakhiwa. Yokudumisa insindiso ngokuyisimangaliso kumbusi umndeni, okwenzeka eduze esiteshini. Borki isitimela ukuphahlazeka ngo-1888, ngo-1895 esontweni entsha elimiswe yesigodlo. It sanikezelwa umelaphi kanye Panteleimon. I engavamile lelithempeli itholakala lokuthi ukuthi indlu yakhe engcwele ezibaziweyo edwaleni, kanti bonke abanye, phansi elisungulwe isitayela WaseByzantium.

Umlando wezindela zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili

Esikhathini wezindela 1905, ke sadalwa amathempeli ezimbalwa kakhudlwana. Omunye wabo itholakala engxenyeni esempumalanga eweni, kusayithi yeSonto St Evgrafov ezazikhona Ephakathi. Wayelethwa ngayingcwelisa behlonipha St. DM. EThesalonika. Ngo zenzeka ekhulwini lamashumi amabili, ukungcwatshwa kwenzeka ngo uDemetriyu ethempelini. Nazi 3 ethuneni yayingasebenzi eliseduze kwethempeli, emgedeni phansi elincane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakhiwa yesonto Nikolaya Chudotvortsa kwaphothulwa ithafa eliphezulu. Yena kanye aisles ezimbili, ifomu - Phillips.

Umlando UZandile Church

Ephambi kwezinduna Alexei Mikhailovich (Grand Duke), kanye namalungu neMpi YaseCrimea Septhemba 27, 1905 lanikezelwa isithonjana isonto "Intokozo Yabantu Bonke Ubani Nosizi". It yakhelwe endaweni lapho ezikhathini zasendulo kwakuwukuthi isonto Sofia, oqoshiwe zibe eweni, ibhange kwesokunxele emfuleni. Black. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngekhulu XIV lapha zokuxhumana ekhaya lezindela. Sofia. Kusobala ukuthi kwaba mkhulu kakhulu, kusukela amathempeli yakhe wayevelele phakathi ezinye design kanye nosayizi. Lapho amaKristu sasiphuma eCrimea, Isigodlo yasala dengwane futhi bengazinaki. ST. Sofia - kwekulu eCrimea emhumeni ethempelini. Ihlanganisa Dome flat. Ibandla has simise cruciform. Ingxenye enyakatho yayo odongeni, kanye engcwele ezikhathini zasendulo hit. Iphansi ithempeli emathuneni. Kukhona udwendwe olusuka isonto ukuze yesonto, ukuba phansi lapho kukhona amathuna ezimbili izinsalela imibhalo ngesiGreki.

Ukwakhiwa yesonto, ukushaya udwendwe

Ngo emihumeni Isigodlo phambi neMpi YaseCrimea babe umagazini powder. Ekupheleni elwa isiphathimandla non-ethunywe wangaphambili wahlala eduze udonga inkwali. Lo muntu anakekela ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu. Siyabonga kuye, ihlelwe ukuqoqwa kwezimali, futhi 1885 wakha indlu phezu kwethuna. Izindela abahlala Inkerman St Clement Umgede Monastery, minyaka yonke ngo-October 24, waya esontweni in udwendwe. Benza inkonzo yesikhumbuzo labo abaye bafa ukholo nasenkosini. Ngesikhathi isinyathelo isonto Alexei Mikhailovich UZandile kwabuyiselwa ngo-1903. Kusukela ezweni lonke baqoqa imali ngenxa yalesi sizathu. Nosizi Ngaphakathi ethempelini, elakhiwa ngalesi sikhathi, egcinwe izingxenye isithombe, okuyinto nengxenye izimpi eMfuleni Black.

Ukwakhiwa izakhiwo ezintsha, kuvalwe sezindela kanye imvuselelo yayo

I Inkerman sezindela ngo-1910, ezakhiwa 2 izakhiwo zokuhlala eyenzelwe kubazalwane, futhi izindlu Church of the Annunciation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikole sesifunda lamiswa yesigodlo. Ngu-1917, Inkerman Umgede Monastery lalihlala 122 izindela 25 izimfundamakhwela ziyaye. Phakathi Yombango Isigodlo asekelwe amabutho Wrangel. Ngemva isimemezelo amandla Soviet kwakukhona ukusungulwa zonke zezindela futhi izwe YaseCrimea. Inkerman emhumeni sezindela ngo-1926, wagcina uvaliwe. Ngo-1927 bahamba bayocekela phansi yesonto ethuneni amasosha abashona Battle of Inkerman, futhi ngo-1932 - ST. UNicholas, ivuliwe phezulu ithafa.

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II esizeni lezindela yindlunkulu Maritime Division. Ngo-June 1942, amasosha alo wazama uzibambe amaJalimane, ayefuna Sevastopol. Ngo-1991, i-St Clement Inkerman emhumeni sezindela waqala ukuvuseleleka. izindlu kwabathile futhi amasonto yabuyiselwa.

Inkerman Umgede Monastery: kanjani ukuba uthole

It engafinyelelwa ngesitimela Sevastopol ukuba OP 1531 km. Thola kuya balaclava ka wezindela kungaba ngu ithekisi nobe ibhasi №31. Enye - sebenzisa noma isiphi ibhasi kwamadolobha, okufanele ukumisa "Vtormet" edabula Inkerman. Uma uya ngemoto, eduze ezimhlophe itshe wesi- (uzoyibona eduze komgwaqo omkhulu ukuthi ligijima edolobheni) kufanele uvule esigodlweni sezindela. Inkerman St Clement Friary has izixhumanisi ezilandelayo: N 44 39.873, E 34 16.160.