Sofuba Mycobacterium: idatha izici nezilwanyana ezincane

sofuba Mycobacterium (imbewu eletha Koch sika) - bacterium induku emise igremu-HIV ezingasetshenziswa yakha isakhiwo ngentambo-like. Ziyakwazi acid ukumelana futhi namanje aqukethe eningi lipid wax e nodonga lwawo, ebheka ukumelana kwabo dezveschestvam, elangeni noma ngokuba omiswe. Lezi nezilwanyana ezincane kukhona ezimbi ezinemibala nge aniline udayi futhi ukukhomba pathogenicity okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi hydrophobicity.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ekhethekile morphological amagciwane kukhona isakhiwo coccoid futhi L-amafomu, nakuba iningi labo - mncane futhi iqonde futhi izinduku athe lwalugobile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifo sofuba Mycobacterium tifaka ekhatsi cytoplasm Fly okusanhlamvu (elimbudumbudu ethize acid labile).

Uma sikhuluma izakhiwo namasiko ala magciwane, zingabantu anaerobes facultative noma aerobes. Alandisa sici - ukukhula kancane kakhulu, futhi isidingo protein ne glycerin yokuzalanisa yimpumelelo. Ngo abezindaba liquid, alawa magciwane akha ifilimu ebusweni. On obukhulu abanemimoya izakhi Mycobacterium sofuba ngefomu kabusha ezomile patina ukushwabana umbala alube, ukubukeka amakoloni zabo zifane ukholifulawa.

izici pathogenetic

Isici eyinhloko pathogenicity - "Intambo isici". It glycolipids, okuyinto ukuvikela Koch imbewu eletha kusukela phagocytosis futhi ukunquma ijwabu anobuthi kulimaze isiguli womuntu. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi le M. sofuba eziyinkimbinkimbi zinezikhathi iqoqo antigen, ngakho ukuhlonza zabo cishe ungalokothi usetshenziselwe izakhiwo antigenic.

Kungakhathaliseki sofuba ngocansi? I lwezifo yalesi sifo izindlela ezintathu yokudlulisela. Kuyinto sisemoyeni, izilwane ezigulayo nge ubisi (alimentary) nothuli sisemoyeni. Kufanele ukuthi umuntu kukho konke ukuphila kaningi ukuxhumana ejenti isifo sofuba, kodwa isifo akusho ukuthuthukisa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuncike ukumelana umzimba.

imbewu eletha Koch ngokuvamile ukungena ngokusebenzisa ipheshana zokuphefumula, okuyinto ethunjwa macrophage. Ngaphezu kwalokho esikhundleni ingress amagciwane kwakhiwa bronhopnevmonichesky ukugxila, njengoba ukuvuvukala lesifunda zamanzi. Umthombo oyinhloko ukutheleleka kungase kubangele ephathwa inyumoniya futhi nje okungaqondile isifo sofuba. Ngezinye ukumelana eziphakeme Mycobacterium umzimba kuphele nokuzala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bona eside ahlale emzimbeni futhi isebenze ngokusebenzisa eziningi zeminyaka.

Mangisho ukuthi kusenesikhathi sofuba kwandisa amathuba okuthi isiphetho evumayo lesi sifo. Namuhla ziya ziba mandla ekusebenziseni izindlela zakamuva zokuxilonga, phakathi lapho indawo ehamba phambili kuhlala ukusabela polymerase chain.

Lapho i-PCR ehluleka ukuthola i-TB imbewu eletha Koch DNA ngisho esimweni inani eliphansi ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthuthukiswa sifo akukwazi nganoma iyiphi enye indlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PCR kulula ukubona mycobacteria amandla okumelana nemithi ngabanye. Kwanele baphakamisa zofuzo banesibopho ukuzabalaza kwama-bacterium ukuba rifampicin, i-isoniazid noma ezahlukene izidakamizwa imfuyo, ukuthi kuthatha amahora angaphansi kuka-48.