«Shell-C 1". imicibisholo anti-aircraft futhi isibhamu uhlelo (ZRPK) «igobolondo-C1"

Sekuyisikhathi eside ezweni lethu lathola udumo "Umuntu osebenza ngensimbi". Nokho, njengoba usengakwazi sibhekisele esimweni lapho wadala edumile-AK-47, owasinda ithangi T-54 nezinye yobuciko? Futhi akumangalisi ukuthi entsha eziyinkimbinkimbi "Carapace-C 1" selivele iminyaka eminingi ilandelana ihlangabezana isithakazelo esikhulayo evela kumakhasimende angaphandle.

ukwaziswa okungokomlando Eziyisisekelo

Ngokokuqala ngqá nomqondo izikhali ezintsha yethulwa esanda kutholakala, ekuqaleni kuka-1994. ngemva nje owodwa ukuboniswa isakhiwo ngesikhathi ingabonisi Zhukovsky kwaboniswa i-prototype esebenzayo lobu buchwepheshe. Khona-ke, izazi eziningi bavumile cishe ngazwilinye ukuthi "Carapace-S 1" intuthuko yangempela emkhakheni phansi izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela.

Umlando yalolu hlobo izikhali kakhulu lokukwazi. Ukuthuthukiswa ZRPK entsha wayalelwa Tula Design Bureau kufike emuva ngo-1990, ngaphambi kokuwa kweSoviet Union. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi kwaba imfihlo phezulu, olwenziwa ngaphansi kwegama ikhodi "Roman". Kwakuthinta babecabanga ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha titawudvwetjwa ukuvikela ngempumelelo izakhiwo S-300 emoyeni ukuzivikela radar kanye iziteshi esemqoka emikhawulweni yezwe enkulu sika.

Ngemva kwalokho, kusukela lunye ewumngcingo enjalo yenqaba, okwathi ngemva kwalokho eziyinkimbinkimbi idluliselwe njengoba amabutho ezweni, okuyinto azibonela yona kakhulu ezidingekayo ukuze sithole isivikelo onokwethenjelwa amakholomu hardware lempi ezisendleleni kusengaphambili nolokubhujiswa kohlobo oluthile kwezikhali isitha ezingaba khona. Ngesikhathi esifanayo liye ngaphambilini futhi inguqulo ye-Navy (idaliwe, eziqhutshwa kahle namuhla). Okunengi impumelelo eyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi sidalwe esekelwe 2K22 adumile "Tunguska".

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekuqaleni, lokhu nezempi (isithombe kuyinto asendabeni) ubé kude ohlangothini engcono. Phakathi ukuhlolwa kwathi akunakwenzeka hit ilitshe at ibanga amakhilomitha ngisho abambalwa, okungukuthi, uhlelo radar abanelisi kakhulu ukubhekana ngokuphumelelayo imisebenzi yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasosha bebelokhu izikhalo eziningi ezihlobene nokwethenjelwa eliphansi eziningi ukufakwa izinhlelo.

Abasindisi we UAE

Ngokuqinisekile akudingeki ukukukhumbuza ukuthi isimo owandile ezweni kuleyo minyaka. Nge imali Imboni yezokuvikela wayemubi kangangokuba uhlelo "lamaRoma 'kwathiwa eligoqiwe ngokuphelele, ukuqhubeka awuzange olwenziwa. Kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi uyazi ukuthi inqubo enjalo lapho zidingeka, futhi ngokushesha. Ngabe sithola imali?

Isimanga siwukuthi kodwa isimo eqondiswa, "abangane esifungelwe" kusukela UAE. Ayenze isivumelwano utshalomali emangalisayo inzuzo. Lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba iqiniso lokuthi evamile emoyeni ukuzivikela uhlelo missile-isibhamu owawukhona ngesikhathi kuphela amaphupho onjiniyela! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, kodwa imali lalikade lisetshenziswa inhloso yazo: ekusungulweni kobuchwepheshe bokuthuthukisa waqhubeka yashesha ijubane, ngokuhamba umsebenzi, iye kwamaphutha eziningi namaphutha lobuchwepheshe uthembeke eseyiqedile.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwasikiselwa ukuthi kuyoba mnandi ukwakha eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi abakhasi. Sasebenzisa le njongo zonke okufanayo "Tunguska". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-Arabhu baye bazwakalisa isifiso sokuba version ezinamasondo yayisekelwe MAN-German. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi nale nkampani ongene eziningi izivumelwano, kanjalo izingxenye ezisele for imishini enjalo ngeke izinkinga.

Nokho, esiphelweni sesimiso inkontileka kakhulu kunokusebenza umbimbi American ama-Arabhu. ibhizinisi Net: ngaphezu kuka-40% of the izikhali emakethe e-UAE namuhla fanele izinkampani zikahulumeni, futhi kukhona kakhulu ungathandi kokulahlekelwa imali ngenxa izimbangi kuphumelele kakhulu.

Ngo-2006, amasethi eziningana design efanayo ababethengiswe Syria. Kunobufakazi bokuthi ezinye zazo ngesikhathi esisodwa uhulumeni waseSiriya wathumela ukuba Iran, kodwa Tehran ekusukeleni ophika yini izinkomba ngakho.

Umahluko omkhulu evela kweminye izakhiwo

Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlelo ezifanayo ukuthi enkonzweni Army yasekhaya, le ndlela waqale ogibele 8x8 chassis amasondo. Leli qiniso evumela ukusetshenziswa "zempi" ezindaweni lapho izakhiwo ezinjalo ngaphansi kwamandla ayo ngokuvamile abakwazi ukufinyelela. Indlela sakwazi ukufeza ukusebenza ophumelela kangaka?

Ukuze wenze lokhu njengesisekelo likhethwe imoto "Ural-5323.4", esibekela injini KAMAZ-7406. Injini usebhekene ezinye sesimanje, ngenxa okuyinto umthamo wayo senyuselwa 260 amahhashi. Kungani abaklami baye basebenzisa chassis ezinamasondo, nakuba kuyinto eyaziwayo ukuthi izimoto cross-ithrekhi siphakeme kakhulu kunalokhu? Kulula: ngoba injongo eyinhloko "Carapace-C 1" - ubuchwepheshe Ukuvikelwa amakholomu ezisendleleni, futhi ikhava misa, lezi zinhlelo zidinga kakhulu.

Kulezi zimo, kungaba ongaziwa ukwenza izimpahla ezibizayo. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi tractor abakhasi ngokunembile kulesi sigaba Akungabazeki ukuthi zingezikabani, lowo ongithumile ungokoqobo,. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela ibusa kwalasha fuel, okuyinto futhi akwamukeleki isakhiwo ukuthi inamandla ayo ukulandela amakholomu kulandele imishini yabo.

Izici eziyinhloko "zempi"

Yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukubala elikhulu ukukhangisa umkhiqizi, kodwa "Carapace-C 1" ngempela "phansi emhlabeni" iyiphi indiza noma indiza, ama-missile ballistic noma amabhomu zasemoyeni nge isiqondiso "smart", okuyinto ehlome isitha ezingaba khona. Njengoba lokhu eziyinkimbinkimbi senzelwe futhi zokuqeda phansi amatshe, kwenza kube uhlobo lwathandeka kwezikhali.

Wayengubani umklami eyinkimbinkimbi?

Nokho yimikhuba Nalapha futhi, kungase kubonakale kuyinto encane, inhlanganisela enjalo izikhali anti-aircraft kanye inganono ayinakho ngaphezu kwanoma yimuphi uhlelo efanayo emhlabeni. UMdali lobu buchwepheshe evelele umklami Russian Arkady Shipunov. Yena wawutshela imishini lempi ibutho Russian ingenye eziphambili kakhulu emhlabeni.

Lokhu kwakwenziwa ngayiphi injongo idaliwe "zempi"?

Inhloso ngqangi yalo lolu hlobo kwezikhali ukuvikela kokubili izindawo amasosha nezakhamuzi ekuhlaselweni emoyeni emigceni ukuzivikela phambili. Uyini umehluko phakathi nezempi Russian kusukela nozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe? izinga Its main esiwuphawu yikhono ukuqhuba umlilo okusheshayo usohambeni. Akunzima ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukuthi amathemba ivula: natihambisana ikholomu izimoto armored yezempi asikho isidingo ukumisa dudula ukuhlaselwa okungazelelwe kusukela emoyeni noma phansi.

Isakhiwo eyinhloko izikhali

Izici ezifanayo ZRPK "Carapace-C 1"? Mayelana izingalo zakhe isethwe nenhlonipho grudging ngisho nochwepheshe lempi NATO.

I kwezikhali eyinhloko kweshumi ezicitshwayo SAM 57E6, okuyinto elungiselelweni kanye nokubukeka kwabo bafana kakhulu isibhamu efanayo 9M311 «Tunguska". I imvilophi main kuyinto rocket bikalibernoy (ngamanye amazwi, it is eyakhiwe izigaba ezimbili). Sokuphehla amandla itholakala esigabeni sesibili, okuyinto ahlukaniswe phakathi indiza: lokhu isixazululo ivumela ngesivinini.

Ngesikhathi kokuqala missile isikhawu ine ezinyakazayo ngesivinini kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ZRPK «igobolondo C-1" singayibhubhisa sextant kwelitshe ibanga amakhilomitha 12. Njengoba zokuqeda emoyeni amatshe, bangakwazi zikufice nangomcibisholo endaweni engamamitha amakhilomitha kuze kube eyisishiyagalombili. Le ngxenye ikhanda iqukethe lonke iqoqo izakhi elimazayo ngesimo nenduku, mass ingqikithi 20 amakhilogramu.

Ukuze ikhuluma emoyeni kusetshenziswa i wheel emoyeni-ashukumisayo. Kubikwa ukuthi lesi sakhiwo kungenziwa eyenga kanyekanye akhatshana ezintathu emoyeni ukuhamba futhi (uma kunesidingo) ukuze awabhubhise.

wezikhali kwezikhali

Kepha wezikhali izikhali ZRPK "Carapace-C 1", akusona kancane umxhwele. Ngo kusekelwe ezimbili 30-mm 2A72 isibhamu. Njengakwamanye Ezimweni eziningi, nokobana a single-ezikhethiwe. izinhlobo ezimbili amagobolondo enzelwa kubo: udibi ukubhoboza futhi ephezulu alufakwa (kuhlanganise uhlobo incendiary) futhi isibhamu kuhanjiswa wenza njalo abakhethayo, amabhande ezimbili igobolondo kanyekanye. Njengezinye Russian nezempi, zonke izakhi ze-uhlelo zinezikhathi enokwethenjelwa futhi maintainability, akuvamile behluleka.

Umklamo we main ukulwa iyunithi

I module eyinhloko itholakala ku ophahleni chassis yenethiwekhi. It siqukethe le izikhali ezilandelayo: iziqukathi lokuqala ashukumisa kukhona noSuri ahlelwe amabhlogo amabili eziyisithupha missile ngamunye. Basuke ogibele uhlangothi wezikhali izikhali. Kukhona esiteshini radar, okuyinto yakhelwe bangabonwa futhi ukuphathwa wenjongo futhi uhlelo ehlukile missile isiqondiso. Yiqiniso, ifakwe anti-aircraft missile simiso izinga FCS (Fire Control System).

I sokusebenza sehlangano ogibele chassis, kukhona (okuyinto okunengqondo) imisebenzi opharetha eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto banesibopho ezigadwayo kanye nokugcinwa.

Izikhalazo okusuka kunjiniyela

Ngokwe-developers, lesi simiso anti-missile has ithuba eliyingqayizivele ngokuphelele kokudubula kuzo zonke ku-ibhodi kwezikhali izinhlelo etholakalayo, futhi tinkhombandlela eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. "Carapace" kungaba ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthola ukuqeda zempi nezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ngaphambi isicelo zabo izikhali sisemoyeni izinhlelo, kanye ezicitshwayo titewubona amakilasi ahlukahlukene. Hhayi obuswa ngokudubula ukukhanya izimoto armored kanye nezisebenzi we amaqoqo isitha.

Izinzuzo esemqoka uhlelo lokulawula umlilo

Njengoba ZRPK "Carapace" kufanele sihlinzeke ngesivikelo esiphumelelayo, futhi rears siqu imishini alo ezempi kuzo zonke izimo, uhlelo wayo ukulawula umlilo libhekene ukumelana thuthuva ahlukahlukene. ukusebenza omkhulu onjalo yafinyelelwa ngokuhlanganisa izinhlelo optical-elekthronikhi futhi radar ibe "nhlanganisela" olulodwa, ukusebenza kwe-infrared, decimeter futhi isentimitha, isentimitha and angu.

Izinga radar ZRPK "Carapace" Imodi, noma ngasiphi isikhathi ukunikeza Salvo yezikhali ezicitshwayo amabili bekubona target izinhlelo. Kumele waphawula ikakhulukazi ukuthi imishini ethungatha akugcini nje libhekene nokwethenjelwa ezivelele, kodwa futhi kungaba kanyekanye ukulandelela ezimbili nje imigomo kweshumi. Precision isiqondiso Okubhekiselwe 0.4 degrees ku azimuth. On the ekhoneni bangamaphesenti 0.7 degrees. Uma sikhuluma ukunemba amayunithi ezivamile imethrikhi, ubuncane target ukuthola kumamitha angu-50 kuphela.

uma kunesidingo, uhlelo kungenziwa kuyazenzakela, hhayi kuphela ukuthola ilitshe, kodwa futhi ukunikeza ulwazi oluphelele ngokusebenza nesivinini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sokungaxhumani, lokhu imishini efanayo lempi (isithombe okungukuthi ephepheni) Ungakhetha uhlobo ezifanele isimo, izikhali kanye self-nika mode oyifunayo lomlilo.

ezinye ezintsha

Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ngo-2005 Tula izingcweti sebenamashumi imizamo eside yokuthuthukisa eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi lokhu nezempi yebutho Russian isibe okunokwethenjelwa nakakhulu futhi ephelele. Le ndawo ibizwa kanjalo umsebenzi sína iye yenziwa on-ebhodini izinhlaba, ukuthi "zempi" yesimanje ngezindlela eziningi inqubo bahluke.

Namuhla, amabutho ama-missile, imishini okuyinto njalo iyathuthukiswa, babe "zempi" entsha. sici yabo esiwuphawu iyona othomathikhi ukusatshalaliswa umsebenzi: uma amayunithi zinikwe zenziwe ibhethri, ongomunye wemishini ngeke ngokuzenzekelayo ziba umkhuzi webutho. ikhompyutha yakhe ihlaziya idatha enkulu, bese uthumela ukuba ngokuthi "abangaphansi" yabo.

It yasiza ukuthola ngempumelelo futhi ngokushesha nokuqeda imigomo siyachazwa. Command Centre uyakwazi basakaza ngokuzenzakalela phakathi imishini Target ibhethri hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukukwenza njengoba kahle ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma sikubeka kalula, oda umlilo ikhishelwa emshinini efanayo, okuyinto Itholakala isikhundla ephumelela kunazo futhi inenzuzo Tactical ukuvula.

"Umklami"

Lokhu rocketry lempi abanye ochwepheshe ngokuthi "Abaklami", futhi they are kasibili ilungelo kulesi. Iqiniso lokuthi "zempi" yakhelwe umdwebo block, ingxenye noma nini kungenziwa indawo nesimo amasampula ezifanelekayo. Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinjalo kungaba wusizo ezimweni ukulwa yangempela. Ngokuthi control unit une izwibela uma thina kukhulunywa ngani ubuchwepheshe ubudala, kwakuyodingeka ube ulinda amatilosi ukulungisa.

Endabeni "zempi" izisebenzi zakhe Ungashintshanisa iyunithi obonakele kuwe, ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi esiningi. Ngakho, "Carapace Nge 1", okuyinto has a isithombe esihlokweni, ungakwazi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ubuyele esimweni ukulwa ukulungela egcwele.

Yiqiniso, umklamo block muhle kakhulu futhi ngokuya ukuguqulwa eyengeziwe. Kusukela manje asikho isidingo ukuba adlulisele yonke eziyinkimbinkimbi phezu luhlobo ukulungisa: block ukuthi siphelile, ungayithola enye by imodeli olusha ngqo emkhakheni. Konke kwenziwa esikhathini esifishane, okungase iphathwe kuphela izisebenzi olulodwa ezimweni eziningi nge lo msebenzi.

Njengezinye izikhali Russian futhi nezempi, "Carapace" imele enkonzweni hhayi kuphela ezweni lethu kodwa futhi abaningi emazweni aseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi minyaka yonke abantu abanesithakazelo ekuthuthukiseni abathengi ezingaba kuzokhulisa kuphela. Okwamanje, isivivinyo sihamba ukuguqulwa polar we "zempi" esiklanyelwe ukuvikela elisekela Russian Arctic.