Seal Ukuhola: GOST, isisindo, umakhi, isithombe. Indlela ukususa uphawu phambili?

Esikhathini isichazamazwi Dahl "uphawu - a uhlanganyela uphawu phambili". Ekuqaleni, lasetshenziswa izimpahla emasikweni. Ukuhola - ethambile metal ductile okulula abeke yisiphi isitembu, seal ayikwazi ukususwa ngaphandle kokulimaza iphethini isicelo. Umkhiqizo ofanayo phambili lwezimpawu esetshenziswa namuhla, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi injalo futhi incazelo babé lula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Umlando omncane

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke lokusinda namuhla ofakwe enziwa VI-VII BC leminyaka.

Ngokomlando, uphawu - hhayi nje isivikelo nokungena khona ngokungemthetho, liphinde uphawu amandla nempahla uphawu, futhi njengentelezi. Lezi zimvu zamanzi sokuqala kwaqala wax wax. Khona-ke, ngekhulu le-XIV (e Kunoma ikuphi, bathola i-Western ukuhweba lwezimpawu walonyaka) babe lwezimpawu phambili ziye zaveza futhi ngcono, kodwa isesekhona, nakuba kuhle kwaphoqa ukukhiya yesimanje kanye namadivayisi uphawu.

Ngo-Asia Ephakathi, izimvu zamanzi phambili ziwubufakazi bokuthi langempela yokweqa amasiko, kudlule nasemkhawulweni ka eBukhara. Bakhandwa onikezwe amaqembu athile umkhiqizo amasiko Samarkand, badutshulwa emngceleni wabuyela Samarkand, abahwebi iholo ezanele.

ERussia yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye-kophawu phambili - yisibaluli engaguquki imishini. nomkhiqizi ngamunye noma umthengisi, kwadingeka uphawu ukuhweba kwakhe, futhi ukuze kulondolozwe zonke izimpahla ababekwa uphawu, izinkulungwane Base bemuka. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule nokunamathelisa zonke izimpahla, kuhlanganise imikhiqizo yobisi okonakalayo. Ukuphumelela ukuhweba phambili lwezimpawu wesikhathi - ubufakazi ezibalulekile ngokomlando. On kubo ungakwazi umsuka wezimfundiso (ngokuya yesimanje), ukukhanya kanye nokudla izimboni, nempahla kanye nobudlelwane ukuhweba eMbusweni Russian.

Kuyini kophawu phambili

Seals kuholele GOST 30269-95 (yasebhange noma iqoqo imali) - lezi disc encane amabili ngokusebenzisa izimbobo 2,5 × 2 mm, okuyinto threaded uphawu wire noma Twine, ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi ekhosombeni ngakolunye uhlangothi engeyokuqala. Lapho ukubeka kahle ungene wire uphawu impintshisi ibekwe ukuphrinta, wire nasemhlanganweni ayaboshezelwa e uphawu.

diameters Standard ukuhola izimvu zamanzi - 8 mm, 10 mm, 16 mm ukuphakama - 5.5 mm, 6.5 mm 7.2 mm, ngokulandelana. Kukhona ekhethekile phambili lwezimpawu lwemigexo ububanzi 3.5 mm.

uphawu Lead wenziwe ethambile eyinhloko phambili uphawu C0 futhi C1, kusukela phambili yesibili - iwumkhiqizo ukucutshungulwa amabhethri lead-acid, futhi ingase iqukathe asalile acid.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqondiso esinjalo has nezinye izakhiwo eziningana mechanical, kuba ngaphansi viscous. Ngakho-ke, enokwethenjelwa kakhulu futhi imvelo phambili-uphawu nomkhiqizi okuyinto uqaphe izinga hhayi kuphela imikhiqizo, kodwa futhi izinto kusukela lapho kukhiqizwa.

abakhiqizi ezinkulu, okokuqala, ungayisebenzisi phambili imfucuza ibhethri futhi, okwesibili, ngemisebe chemical eyalo phambili.

Ukusetshenziswa phambili lwezimpawu

Hola lwezimpawu efakwe iyiphi into, noma ngabe ovaliwe, emadeskini imishini, impahla. Impintshisi ne isinyathelo esiyingqayizivele kungenzeka ongashadile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngeke afakwe esikhundleni uphawu.

Amabhange usebenzisa lwezimpawu phambili uphawu egumbini iqoqo imali ezikhwameni izikhwama yemali.

Zisetshenziswa futhi ngesikhathi ezokuthutha kwezimpahla e ulwandle futhi ujantshi iloli iziqukathi, isitoreji izimpahla emafektri kanye namagugu uphawu nsuku zonke izakhiwo, ukugwema nsada okungagunyaziwe, ukuthola futhi kungenzeka ukweba noma kwakuhilela ukwamukela izindinganiso.

Sebenzisa phambili lwezimpawu ngoba uphawu futhi transformer ezincane, imishini Metrology, ezahlukene nesilinganiso izindlela, isib, igesi kanye amamitha kagesi.

Impintshisi ne wire uphawu

seal Lead efakwe ngethuluzi ekhethekile. Lokhu metal nezizenze (impintshisi) emaphaketheni okuhlanganisa metallic amapuleti 10 mm ububanzi, lapho aqoshwa convex noma lalihlehliswa izinhlamvu, izinombolo, izimpawu ezincane. Inani lezinhlamvu ubeke amapuleti lilinganiselwe. Lapho izihlathi onomfutho imikhaza lwezimpawu Leaden (ngezansi) ibekwe phakathi kwabo, zikhubazekile, futhi uthola umfanekiso esiyingqayizivele.

Ukuze ukubekwa uphawu isebenzisa ezimbili-core wire ekhethekile elisontiwe. Omunye core - isikhungo ngqo - oluyisisekelo yesibili ezisontekile - yesibili. lamakhoyili ohlobo Kubaziwe ukukhwezwa ngokuphephile ubambe uphawu ngaphandle kokuba usivumele lushelele.

Special wire yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe kuthuthukisa ukumelana layo ukuze weathering futhi ukucindezeleka mechanical, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba kuvulwa lobugebengu.

Ngokuvamile, wire ohlobo akhiqizwa isisindo eyodwa kilogram.

Ukufakwa phambili lwezimpawu

Ukufaka uphawu, kubalulekile ukuba usike ucezu wire noma Jute Twine obuphelele oyifunayo, ulidlulisele ngokusebenzisa iso into ofuna ukuvikela nokugenca ke ekuvuleni uphawu, idonsele eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kuze lugs ngawakhamela impintshisi. Khona-ke kudingeka uhlole nokwethenjelwa lwezimpawu efakwe - akufanele uhambe phezu kwe wire.

Ukuba lula okusobala ukufakwa nge enganele ukulungiselela uphawu isifaki kungaholela ezinkingeni. Professionals adinga ukwazi ubuthakathaka zamanzi, ukuze bakwazi belingisa okungagunyaziwe ukufinyelela zimo ukuhlukanisa izimpawu zako kanye izimpawu esikhundleni impintshisi.

IziMpawu kanye plombiratory kumele ngokuqinile ucatshangelwe, idluliselwe kuhambisana imithetho evimbela ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe idivayisi ivaliwe.

Ukubekwa uphawu futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho, ngokuziphatha irejista lemihlomulo lwezimpawu.

Indlela ukususa uphawu phambili

Susa uphawu phambili kungaba ukusika nge sikelo noma isidlo amahanisi wire bezihlahla by. Buyisela uxhumano ngeke aphumelele, udinga kuphela ukufaka omunye uphawu.

Abanye "ochwepheshe" ukuphatha ukususa uphawu, bese refit, amalahle. Kwenabela lapho Slots evuthayo, ayilutho nezimpawu ngocingo. Ngakho-ke, kuyinto efiselekayo semikhawulweni wire ngemva ukuchusha izimbobo ifindo, bese futhi uhala wabayisa Slots ohlangothini reverse, bese kukhona uphawu uvalwe clamping impintshisi.

Lapho i ukususwa ogunyaziwe lwezimpawu futhi badinga ukulandela imithetho. Ngaphambi kokususa uphawu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlole, ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso balo, wenze uphawu kule imibhalo ohambisana noma umagazini.

Uma uthola ukuthi uphawu lilimele noma idabukile, ukwamukela ibhokisi uphawu senziwa khona iKhomishana ukulungiswa isenzo, okumele abonisa isimo seal wire.

Emihle nemibi phambili lwezimpawu

Inzuzo enkulu usebenzisa phambili lwezimpawu kuyinto cheapness yabo futhi kalula ukufakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyakwazi withstanding okushisa aphakeme bese ongaphakeme, senhliziyo yabo.

Ngesandla ngaphandle amathuluzi, okuyinto Nokho, akunzima ukufinyelela, ukususa, ikakhulukazi kungabonakali uphawu phambili ukuxazulula.

isigxivizo ngamunye phezu impintshisi, okuyinto okunzima ukukhiqiza, kwenza kube nzima mbumbulu futhi esikhundleni lwezimpawu. Uma wayefisa, yebo, unganqoba noma yisiphi isithiyo, isibonelo, ukugwazela, kodwa ngandlela-thile kuphazamise umsebenzi obangela impintshisi, noma oda ikhophi ukuphrinta.

Kwakukhona nokuvikeleka lwezimpawu plastic, baqala ukusho ukuthi ukuntuleka eziningi isisindo futhi usigcine phambili, nakuba uphawu ukala mayelana 4 amagremu kilogram per kwe-abangaba ngu-250 izicucu nge ububanzi 10 mm. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi dlula olulodwa liyadingeka seal eziningi iminyango noma njengoba izikhwama ukheshi, ngisho nangokwengeziwe iziqukathi kolwandle, isisindo ingqikithi lwezimpawu kanye wire baba palpable.

Isisetshenziswa ukwenziwa phambili lwezimpawu

Small imishini ngesandla ukwenziwa phambili lwezimpawu ezivela abakhiqizi ezahlukene bheka mayelana efanayo, futhi inqubo wedwa. I Ngobhojwana NgamaFascist eceleni elicibilikile phambili ke batheleka isikhunta sedivayisi mechanical nge izibambo ezimbili. Omunye wabo uyonquma esangweni (isandiso, okuyinto ugcwele phambili), lapho ngesimo phambili ngiyakuzenza lukhuni, kanti eyesibili kwaphoqa ofakwe ngomumo. Ukusebenza imishini ngesandla ezisukela 35 70 kg phambili seal eyodwa shift.

Kukhona encane kagesi ukufakwa nomthamo 20 kg umkhiqizo ihora imishini semiautomatic ngayinye, ukusebenza ngalo 25 kg / h.

Abakhi phambili lwezimpawu

ERussia kukhona izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu ohlwini imisebenzi lapho kukhona ukukhiqizwa phambili izimpawu. Cishe wonke amadolobha amakhulu has abakhiqizi ayo lomthofu lwezimpawu. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinkampani bekwi ukwakhiwa supply control ukufinyelela izinhlelo namadivayisi zokuphepha nokubambisana amakhasimende ezinkulu: amabhange, izimboni, izinkampani zokuthutha, izinkampani izitolo.

Sinenkosi ukukhiqizwa yabo, okuhle umshini epaki CNC nochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe, evumela ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo high quality ngamanani aphansi. imishini lokuqopha ivumela ukufeza noma iyiphi izithombe ezicacile phezu kwezitsha impintshisi ngesicelo.

Namuhla, kunenqwaba yokugcwalisa kumadivayisi amasha kune impintshisi umthofu lwezimpawu kanye wire uphawu, kodwa ukubhala obudala efakazelwe ingasaphathwa eminyakeni eminingi, ukuhola izimvu zamanzi namanje zakuqala.