SAM "Strela-10": Izici

"Strela-10" kuyinto ukuziqhenya Soviet ubunjiniyela lempi. Anti-aircraft missile yona nangenkomba 9K35, futhi aziwa ngezigaba American njengoba SA-13 Gopher, lwenzelwe ukuhlola wezasemoyeni futhi silahle noma yiziphi izinto ezisolisayo endaweni engamamitha ongaphakeme. Eminyakeni eyalandela, eyinkimbinkimbi olwesimanje ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Umlando sokudalwa

Le phrojekthi yokuqala ezinjalo ebuthweni lempi laseSoviet ngokusekelwa leKomiti Central we CPSU kwaba SAM "Strela-10 SV". Imoto sidalwe esekelwe kungase kutholakale kahle odlule imodeli 9K31. I "Umcibisholo 1" athathwa zonke izici ezithuthukile futhi lonke kahle reworked ekupheleleni.

Ngo-January 1973 wayeqale wahlola iqoqo elisha nemibandela elawula. SAM ayizange kulolo vivinyo kuqala. Military Council, kwanqunywa ukuthi iguqule imodeli kuya 9K35. Ngakho ekupheleni 1974 kwakukhona "Strela-10" ngiphumela ekukhanyeni. SAM (bheka isithombe. Ngezansi) isidlulile zonke izivivinyo ensimini, ukuba besabela kahle umbuzo ukuthi bayaqhubeka yini iphrojekthi. I ethile eyinhloko eyinkimbinkimbi olusha ine anti-izindiza uhlelo ezicitshwayo control. Ngokwe-nophenyo, ematfuba ukushaya ngokunembile target ezingeni ukuphakama m 1,500 kwaba cishe u-60%. Imiphumela Okufanayo ezaboniswa nokuthi SAM uhla sokudubula inkambo ukushayisana phezu yonke indawo kuhlasela. Ngo-1975 9M31 missile sashintsha futhi infrared isiqondiso uhlelo. Ngemva kokuba kwenziwe ukuhlola njalo futhi kuhlolwe ukuthembeka "Strela-10" wafakwa inkonzo. Ngo-1976 wamisa ukukhiqizwa eziningi zezimoto ezintsha ukulwa.

Umsebenzi nenjongo

SAM "Umcibisholo 10 '9K35 uyakwazi ezisebenza imodi ezenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo wamukelekile futhi target isiqu icutshungulwe nge manual ukulawula opharetha. Ukuthola lezinto isitha wenza esebenzisa umsakazo isiqondiso othole e imodi ukuma-yedwa. Ukuhlaselwa Kwenziwa kuphela akhatshana embonweni ezibukwayo eyinkimbinkimbi.

SAM "Strela-10" yakhelwe ukuvikela amayunithi armored futhi embonini yezezimoto elihamba regiments, kanye namabutho ngezinyawo futhi amaphuzu osendaweni ezibalulekile ezivela emoyeni izinsongo emachibini aphansi. Combat imisebenzi kungenzeka kwenziwe uma sekuqhubeka le mashi, ngisho ngesikhathi ukushintsha kwezinkathi dislocation. Omunye izinzuzo main of the complex kuba phambi chips kokuhlaziywa othomathikhi futhi imishini ivimbela kusukela indlela ishayela ukuphazamiseka. Phakathi wokubuyekeza zokugcina 9M37M rocket Uthole ikhanda ekhethekile esehlanganise isiqondiso uhlelo umsindo optical. Inhloko kufaka abasebenzi esiteshini apharathasi begodu reception sokukhomba izixhumanisi, elawulwa kude umshini kanye nemishini.

Ukusebenza izici

Ngezinye SAM "Strela-10" ukusebenza izici ukuhamba ezahlukene kanye nesivinini yokusabela. Isikhathi projectile isilungele kwethulwa zokhahlamba kusuka amasekhondi angu-5 kuya ku-10, kuye ngokuthi izimo zezulu. Target ukuqokwa reception kwenzeka 3-5 imizuzwana. Ukuhlanekezela idatha azimuth ukuba into at ibanga km 6 kuya 25 degrees 1.5 kuphela.

Futhi neyaziswayo SAM "Strela-10" izici uhla labadubuli. Ibanga esiphezulu elitsheni nge okungenzeka ngokubulala ukuze 99,5% elilingana 5 km. Kulokhu, engamamitha ziyahlukahluka kusuka amamitha 25 kusiya ku 3500. On inkambo ukushayisana missile Isivinini imayelana 1500 km / h, ngemva - kuze kufinyelele 1100 km / h. Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, ukuqashelwa emoyeni leti at ibanga 12,000 m.

izilungiselelo Ukuhumusha kusuka omasha azithole esesikhundleni labadubuli kuthatha imizuzwana engaphansi kwengu-20. isikhathi ashona ngokugcwele (4 ezicitshwayo) nxazonke 2-3 imizuzu. Zidilika asebenzayo izindlela lempi kuthatha imizuzu 3. Ungqimba ingqikithi SAM "Umcibisholo 10" - 12.3 m Kulokhu, umshini ungaba mude ube ijubane lokuya emhlabathini kuze kube 61,5 km / h, ntanta -. 6 km / h.

Isakhiwo

Isakhi esiyinhloko SAM "Strela-10" kuyinto ukulwa imoto 9A35 Series. It yadalwa ngesisekelo base mobile MT-LB. Ngokuhamba sesimanje Kwandiswa izinhlamvu, okuyinto elele kuze 4 SAM ukufaka futhi 4 ezicitshwayo eliyisipele egumbini wezimpahla. Ubungcono futhi kuhlomisa zabhekana isiqondiso indlela. Manje, kwakunomfana ivikelwe 7.62-mm machine gun ukuthi ixhumeke ugibelile imishini kagesi.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi SAM has a ingcindezi ongaphakeme kakhulu ebusweni kwenhlabathi, ngakho-ke ungakwazi sebehamba ngokukhululeka besuka ezweni endleleni, ixhaphozi, isihlabathi, iqhwa namanzi. Chassis esekelwe torsion ibha ukumiswa, onikeza imoto olubushelelezi extra nokushesha Yiqiniso. Ngenxa yalesi isixazululo ngezinye izikhathi kwandisa Salvo ukunemba ukuqina kakhulu uhlelo ekuqaleni-up. On kumila Ergonomics akuphazamisi igiya esikhululekile kanye nemishini. Kuhlola izenzo ezenziwe 9S86 zone uhlelo ukuhlaziywa. Lokhu imishini senzelwe target ukuthola, futhi ukunquma isikhundla salo amaphutha kuhlaziywa ekuqaleni SAM. Ukuze ukuhlaziywa uhla ezempi uhambelana telemeter ekhethekile electronic.

ukwakhiwa kwezikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi

I submunitions main SAM "Umcibisholo 10" kukhona rocket okuqinile 9M37 uhlobo zenithal. Igobolondo lakhelwe "nedada." Homing ikhanda has mode ezimbili isiteshi, ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa ukulawula kahle indlela ezilinganiselwe. I SAM lokuqala uzama ukufinyelela umgomo ikumodi isithombe, ukuze kuvele umehluko. Uma le ndlela enganikanga Imiphumela ke ikhanda reprogrammed ku navigation infrared. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba baphendule lo efanayo mobile Isi-Dogon futhi esiphikisayo inhloso.

Ukuze kuphole kweminsalo chip isebenzisa liquid nitrogen, okuyinto lilondolozwe iziqukathi ekhethekile, ithungwe phakathi bezinhlamvu. Lokhu kuvimbela ekuseni nokuguqulwa ukuthungela fuse. Esimweni ukwehluleka omunye target isiqondiso izindlela, navigation inhlukano kuthatha opharetha, okuyinto ithumela idatha ku-radar missile. Ukuze SAM isivinini ailerons ukuhlangabezana ekhethekile fixed emva amaphiko. Basuke kungagcini ukujikeleza emincane ye projectile. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi warhead 9M37 ifakwe i fuses okuzenzakalelayo kanye contact. Nale missile self-destructs esimweni a miss.

ukulungiswa Okukhulu

Isakhiwo lokuqala kwaba ngcono ukwehluka SAM "Umcibisholo M-10". Yenkomba ukufakwa - 9K35M. Isici nobuntu imodeli kwakuwukuba khona kwezithunywa entsha missile guided isiqondiso ikhanda. Manje thola uhlelo ikhetha izinto ukubhubhisa ukutholakala trajectory. Lokhu kwanciphisa ingozi ukuwela umsindo isicupho.

Model "Strela-10-M2" ithole isikhalazo elibuyekeziwe ukulwa uhlelo. Inhloso sesimanje kwaba ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye ezishintshayo isando. Manje sokukhomba uvela ibhethri PU-12M kanye izinhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela. idatha Radar abangu iqinisekisiwe, kusetshenzwe futhi lasetshenziswa eshaywayo umamukeli. Kwathiwa isinqumo emaceleni umshini ukulungisa Polyurethane yamabhola antantayo.

Ukuguqulwa "Strela-10 M3" wafakwa isevisi ngo-1989. Kube ekupheleni avelele kuphela ngo-ibhodi imishini. Imodeli ngohlamvu "M4" etholwe enwetshiwe emaphaketheni umshini bamba, iyunithi scan, ezishisayo imaging uhlelo kanye izinzwa target yokulandelela. "Umcibisholo T-10" limelela Belarus ukufakwa inketho. Washeshe wahileleka ukuthuthukiswa NGO "Tetrahedron". Ngenxa yalokho we sesimanje Avionics agcwaliswa 1TM uhlelo optical, imishini emisha navigation nethuthukisiwe Computing chip digital.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi eminyakeni ngokuphindiwe sezithotshiselwe phansi ukuguqulwa nezikhali ezicitshwayo. Lo rocket inguqulo yakamuva, efanelekayo eziyinkimbinkimbi "Strela-10" waba 9M333. Umehluko omkhulu kusuka onobuhle odlule kwaba 3-mode isiqondiso uhlelo nge Ukuvikelwa sithuthukiswe ngokumelene ukuphazamiseka.

ukulwa isicelo

SAM ngokuphindiwe isetshenzisiwe ezoqeda izingxabano sendawo Angola phakathi nempi yombango. Ngokusho idatha wokulungiselela, anawo Armed Forces of the amazwe ase-Afrika ngo-ayesezohlubuka nedlanzana izimoto zempi.

Futhi, "Strela-10" ingenye amathuluzi main empini yase-Gulf ngo-1991. SAM ngenkuthalo onengxenye ukusebenza "Ugwadule Storm". Ukusetshenziswa anti-aircraft eziyinkimbinkimbi wanika Iraq inzuzo okuncane emoyeni. Muva nje, izinhlelo beye bahileleka kuphela angaba nempi yombango ukwedlula e-Ukraine eduze LNR futhi DNR.

ukusebenza ukuthekelisa

Ngo inkonzo Russian Federation kuyinto "Strela-10" izinguqulo mayelana 500 yasekuqaleni futhi ilungiswe.

Ohlangothini ukuthekelisa, kukhona indawo yokuqala Belarus. At onawo yayo imayelana 350 9K35. India endaweni yesibili 250 izinhlelo. Ukraine ithatha isikhundla yesithathu nge 150 emoyeni ukuzivikela missile uhlelo.

Futhi phakathi amazwe athenga njalo kusukela 9K35 isiRashiya, avele, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Angola, Yemen, Cuba, Macedonia, Slovakia, Syria, Libya, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, eCzech Republic, Serbia nabanye.