Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) zokukhipha igciwane: mshini wezenzo

Isintu sanqoba izifo eziningi ezimbi. Namanje ingozi microorganism pathogenic yokuquba umuntu kuleso naleso sinyathelo. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa nokuhlanzeka - isiqinisekiso impilo. Amathuluzi avame ukusetshenziswa njengendlela yokuhlanza nabasizi magciwane, esebenzayo ingxenye zamanje okungukufa quaternary ammonium kwakwakhe (QAC).

Ukubulala amagciwane e ukunakekelwa kwezempilo

Bambalwa abantu ujwayelene uhla lwezindawo izinto, izibulali-magciwane, kodwa ongoti. I townsfolk bathenga ezitolo kusho yokuhlanza, benaka kancane ukuze Ukwakheka kwabo. It uyawathena, disinfects, enephunga - lawa izinkomba main amathuluzi yasendlini.

Nokho, izikhungo zomphakathi, futhi ikakhulukazi, ezifana zokwelapha, izikhungo prophylactic, amachibi okubhukuda, nezinhlangano ezifanayo, zidinga indlela ehlukile ukuze yokuhlanza kanye magciwane yazo zonke evele.

Quaternary ammonium compounds - omunye izibulali-magciwane eziningi. Ekhuluma magciwane, abantu bavame ukuba engqondweni amalungiselelo esekelwe chlorine noma i-alcohol. Iqiniso lokuthi e-HR iyindlela asebenzayo yokulwa Amagciwane aziwa ambalwa. Nakuba kakhulu ingxenye yesihlanu yezwe izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa magciwane iqukethe lezi izinto.

ukutholakala HOUR

Izibulali-magciwane equkethe QAS - eziNgekho ngaPhansi kukaHulumeni ammonium kwakwakhe - babe ngokuphelele, ngakho ukukusho, ukusebenziseka. Zitholakala - esibalulekile ngoba Abenzi izibulali-magciwane. Ngemva ekusakazeni Ingqikithi izingxenye ezengeziwe lokuhlushwa elinqunyiwe, omunye bengathola kahle, ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo izindlela ezishibhile ukuze ahlanze kanye magciwane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, quaternary ammonium compounds - ubuthi ongaphakeme ukuba izinto kwabantu nezilwane. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa amalungiselelo chlorine-aqukethe zidinga egeza ezinkulu ka evele iphathwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile ukuvimbela nokwahlukana kwabo ngaphansi isenzo chlorine nemikhiqizo yalo kanye ngenxa ukukhululwa emkhathini compounds ezinobuthi. Ngakho, HR ayinayo nomphumela ezonakalisayo kuwo wonke evele iphathwa futhi ube ubuthi omncane.

HR - kuyini?

Isifinyezo QAC okuyinto kungabonwa amaphakheji amalungiselelo magciwane isithako esebenzayo, imele quaternary ammonium compounds. Lo mshini wezenzo kwala magciwane Ungasingatha izinto zangamalanga, amathuluzi yezokwelapha, evele ezindaweni zomphakathi kanye zezempilo for magciwane izinyathelo. Phakathi kwezakhiwo, izibulali-magciwane ihora niche ngokwanele ezibanzi, ngenxa yokufinyelela yabo, ukuphepha kanye cishe bantule umphumela elimazayo Laphezu ngayo.

chemical ifomula

Omunye izinto iyatholakala futhi ngempumelelo, esetshenziselwa magciwane ezihlukahlukene izakhiwo zomphakathi kanye empilweni yangasese - quaternary ammonium compounds. Ifomula kusekelwe tetravalent nitrogen yabo kwakwakhe nabanye chemical organic. Ifomula jikelele compounds ezinjalo kuba ^{(RR'R''R '' 'N) +} X -. In vivo quaternary ammonium compounds - kuyinto zinhlayiya. Nokho, ziseZwini izitshalo eziningi ngesimo alkaloids. A quaternary ammonium kwakwakhe, ukwakheka amakhemikhali okuyinto olufundwa ifomula [(CH _{3) 4} N] ⁺ X ^-, ezitholakala olwandle anemones.

kanjani isikhathi?

Quaternary ammonium compounds ezisetshenziswa njengeziwusizo izibulali-magciwane, ama-ejenti ukulawula amagciwane amaningi. Lokhu kungenxa izakhiwo zabo njengoba izinto ebusweni-asebenzayo of isinqandakuvunda. Ukuba nomthelela ezincane, quaternary ammonium compounds abe nomthelela omubi kangakanani ezitokisini zabo. Ngezinye lokuhlala eliphansi QAC nomthelela ikhono uhlukanise nokukhiqizwa nezilwanyana ezincane pathogenic nge eyanele QAC lokuhlala yokubangela ukufa kwabo. Lapho ukusebenza HR ngempela ukuba kubhekelwe ukuthi ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ngibopha isixazululo lokuhlushwa 0.5-1%. Uma lokuhlushwa izidakamizwa esebenzayo ngaphansi, khona-ke engabangela amabhaktheriya emiphumeleni ihora umlutha, okuyinto igcwele okubi kakhulu ukuthi lesi simo siyaphuthuma epidemiological kuyo leyo ndawo.

okuhlushwa Ukusebenza

It kuvela ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi umuntu anqume ku nokusingatha ethile evele izibulali-magciwane ungakwazi ukunquma ngokunembile ukuthi lokuhlushwa ethile yesixazululo noMnyango QAC. Lokhu kungenxa ubumbaxambili imiqondo ezifana ubuncane lokuhlushwa inhibitory futhi ubuncane lokuhlushwa amagciwane efana ukusebenza.

Le migomo emibili, nakuba efanayo, kodwa kufanele libe nencazelo ehluke kakhulu kusukela umbono surface magciwane. Okusithiyayo - kusho okusithiyayo, okusithiyayo intuthuko, futhi umsebenzi amagciwane - futhi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalelizwe namagciwane abangela izifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-bacterium wadalula lokuhlala ezihlukahlukene QAC.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga futhi usebenzise isibulala-magciwane ethile okuyindawo ehlanganisa quaternary ammonium compounds kufanele ahlaziye khona kwezinhlobo microorganism pathogenic. Phawula futhi ukuthi isikhathi ayinayo imiphumela emibi sofuba Mycobacterium. Ngakho-ke, uma ikhona, sebenzisa nezinye izinto, izibulali-magciwane.

Izici yokusetshenziswa HOUR

Enye yezindlela ethandwa kakhulu magciwane evele - quaternary ammonium compounds. Kwezokwelapha, lezi izinto kabanzi ngoba magciwane umsebenzi evele, insimbi wezokwelapha. Nge ukufinyeleleka yayo futhi izindleko eliphansi HR ngenkuthalo benenkinga namagciwane abangela izifo, singavumeli ukusabalalisa futhi balimaza empilweni yomuntu. Isici kuphela idatha izibulali-magciwane kuyinto ukuchayeka kwabo ezintweni ezahlukene organic. Lokhu kudinga pretreatment ezishelelayo ehlanzekile futhi uhlambulule ngamanzi ahlanzekile.

Futhi, qaphela ukuthi insipho evamile, esetshenziselwa nokugeza izandla, futhi ikhemikhali Deplete HOUR, wayencisha izimfanelo zabo magciwane. Ngakho-ke izandla futhi kufanele siyakazwe ngamanzi. Imisebenzi algorithm ngesikhathi isinyathelo magciwane kuyehla kube izinyathelo eziyisisekelo ezimbalwa:

• ukuhlanzwa evele ekungcolisweni ebonakalayo usebenzisa insipho;
• ukususwa lezi izindlela nge evele ngomshini ngamanzi ahlanzekile;
• esikhundleni zidwedwe ukuhlanza, geza hashaza izandla;
• ukwelashwa surface agents nge quaternary ammonium compounds njengelisebenzayo magciwane isithako;
• Exposure nezibulala-magciwane eziningi ngesikhathi esibekiwe e imiyalelo;
• IHORA ukususwa (uma kunesidingo).

Ukubulala amagciwane amakamelo evele kumele kwenziwe njalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumayelana izikhungo zezempilo ekwelapheni, izakhiwo zomphakathi, ekhaya, emkhakheni wezilwane. Liphinde kabanzi quaternary ammonium compounds ngenxa pool - ukucutshungulwa zonke evele ukuthi ngihlangane nabo mayelana nomzimba womuntu, kumele kwenziwe nsuku zonke ngemithamo ehlukene ngokwenkolo. Uma kunesidingo ukuhlaziywa webhaktheriya ngaphambi nangemva ukwelashwa.

Kusobala ukugcinwa imithetho yokuhlanzeka futhi umphakathi, ukucutshungulwa njalo ezishelelayo ahlukahlukene siwufanelekele magciwane ukugwema ukusakaza izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye fungal.