Owathi "die ziphonswe"?

Wake wazibuza yini ukuthi sehluleka kangaki bayisebenzise le nkulumo ethi "die ziphonswe"? Owathi futhi kusho ukuthini? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala esihlokweni.

Indaba le nkulumo

Ekhulwini lokuqala BC Italy Kwakungakabi enkulu yoMbuso WaseRoma, kodwa kwaba kuphela indlela eya khona ukubusa umhlaba. Ukuze kuqiniswe amandla negunya bababusi kwadingeka banwebe ubunikazi abo besebenzisa imikhankaso okumayelana ezweni eliseduze.

Umbusi esizayo, umphathi-sifundazwe noGayu Yuliy Tsezar, bahlangana amabutho abo, ukuze anqobe Cisalpine eGaul kabani endleleni kwaholela ngokusebenzisa Rubicon (igama lesiLatini elisho "Rubicon" - umfula obomvu). Kodwa umkhankaso kaKhesari awuzange evunywe Umkhandlu Wezigele, ngisho wathola oda kuhlakazwe ibutho.

NoGayu Yuliy Tsezar abawulalelanga Senate nokuthi ngoJanuwari '49 BC. e. Legion eduze ogwini Rubicon. Ukumisa isikhashana, uKhesari wazabalaza uma kufanele ukuhamba, sengathi ukuwela Rubicon, indlela emuva ngeke. Ukuba ukungabaza omkhulu, uKhesari nokho enquma ukuwela umfula, ethi: ". I die ziphonswe"

Ezinye izazi-mlando zithi ngaphambi ethi le nkulumo, ngempela waphonsa uhlobo amadayisi, okubonisa ukuthi okufanele uhambe ngayo. Ngokusho kwabanye, "die ziphonswe" kwaba ibinzana kuphela.

Ngemva esiphambanweni Rubikona Tsezar Wangena impi okukhululekile iSigele futhi ekugcineni wagumbuqela umbusi. Ukunqoba kwaba uKhesari. Kusukela kulo mzuzwana iqala indaba ayizikhondlakhondla - uMbuso WaseRoma.

Izingcaphuno kumbhali

Ingabe namanje bebaphikisana ngani umsuka umbusi omkhulu kweqiniso, waphenduka izwe elincane libe umbuso onamandla. Ezinye izazi zigomela ngokuthi uJulius Caesar wayevela emndenini ocebile, kodwa iningi lazo oyikholelwayo wangena ezinhlwini Izicukuthwane kuphela ngemva kokushada wesifazane ocebile Cornelia.

emshadweni wabo kubangelwa ulaka umashiqela Rima Sully. Ukwenqaba isehlukaniso, Yuliy Tsezar wasinda empini, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana baba umlawuli yimpumelelo kakhulu. Ngemva kokufa Sulla, wakwazi ukubuyela eRoma futhi waqala umsebenzi wakhe zezombusazwe. udumo lwakhe lwaqina futhi basiza ekuqiniseni yokuphikisana kwalo abaphumelele Mithridates VI Eupator, owazama ahlele ayehlasela eRoma.

Ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, uKhesari wakwazi uthwebule eGaul, kuyilapho ungakhohlwa ukulungisa phansi ukuze kuqhutshwe umsebenzi wakhe zezombusazwe eRoma. Ngemva Kwempi, iminyaka 49-48 BC Civil. e. futhi kokugumbuqelwa amandla uPompey, uKhesari wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi yasebukhosini.

Umfelandawonye umbusi waseGibhithe, Cleopatra, angase afune usizo ngamazwe setingucuko ezinkulu isimo. Zonke Eminyakeni eyalandela wokubusa kwakhe zaziphawuleka zokulungisa kuyo yonke imikhakha yokuphila. Uyoqhubeka imikhankaso yakhe ukunqoba kakhulu ukwandisa endaweni encane weRiphabhulikhi wamaRoma.

Reform noGayu Yuliya Tsezarya izinqubomgomo ezamukelekayo labantu, kodwa iSigele asabela kwaba ngokucacile ezimbi. Phakathi nokubusa Isigele kaKhesari ngazo zonke izindlela ongazicabanga wazama ukululaza igunya lakhe futhi kudonsele abantu nohlangothi lwakhe. Ekugcineni, Umkhandlu Wezigele ihlelwe uzungu ngokumelene noKhesari. Phakathi inkulumo yakhe ngolimi iSigele, wakhelwa uzungu kokugwazwa ngesinye Brutus. NoGayu Yuliy Tsezar ngesikhathi wagudluzwa umbusi, futhi layifica zabulawa.

okusho ukuthini inkulumo ethi

Njengoba sekushiwo, mhlawumbe okukaKesari inkatho umdlalo, lapho ethi: "Le die kuyinto yokusakaza." Wayebonisa ukuthi kuthatha omunye izinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni. Wazimisela ukuba agumbuqele kuKesari.

Isinqumo sakhe sabonisa olungenamkhawulo, kanye nezinye indlela awuzange, kwaba wokugcina. Lokho kuyinto eqophelweni eliyingozi. ibinzana yakhe ehilela atholakala kuphela ekhulwini lesikhombisa.

Abacwaningi ukukhomba omunye sifanisongco, okuyinto washiya noGayu Yuliy Tsezar. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangokwenza ushintsho ngokwayo ngaphesheya komfula Rubicon atholwe ongokomfanekiso. Kube khona inkulumo ethi 'ukuwela Rubicon. " Njengoba kunjalo nge ibinzana, "die ziphonswe" isisho "ukuwela Rubicon" kusho isinqumo ema isihlangane kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile, njengoba lena uhlobo iphuzu lapho kungayi lubuyayo, okusho ukuthi akukho ukubuyela emuva.

Latin version

Ukuze ezisekhona ibinzana "die ziphonswe" ngesiLatini - Alea jacta is ( "Yaktali alea is"). Kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi ukuthi ibinzana abadumile, ngokuvumelana isitatimende mlando esingumGreki uPlutarch, watshelwa ngolimi lwesiGreki akalutho kodwa lesisho Menander.