Okwenza ikhompyutha ingaboni idrayivu

Naphezu kokuthembeka okukhulu kwezinhlelo zamakhompiyutha zanamuhla, le mibuzo elandelayo ivame ukubuzwa emaforamu: "Kungani ikhompyutha ingaboni idrayivu? Yini okumelwe uyenze? "Mhlawumbe, le nkinga izoba khona kuze kube yilapho amadivaysi anjalo eqhutshelwa egcekeni lomlando ngezinye izixazululo zobuchwepheshe.

Ukuthatha isibukovuli ...

Wonke umsebenzisi ohlangabezana nesimo lapho ikhompyutha engaboni khona idrayivu, kumele iqaphele ukuthi akuyona eyokuqala. Kunamathuba aphezulu okuthi akukho lutho oluyingozi ekuphukeni okunjalo, amandla okusebenza wePC angabuyiselwa kalula. Ngokwezibalo, ingxenye encane yilabo ababenakho ikhompyutha beyekile ukubona i-drive, baphoqeleka ukuba bafune usizo ezikhungweni zesevisi noma bachithe imali ekuthengeni idivayisi entsha. Iningi lakwazi ukuqeda ukuphazamiseka ngokwabo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engu-10-15. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwesaba nokwesimo sengqondo esibi kungabasizi ababi kakhulu. Ungakhohlwa ngesidingo sokusebenza nebhodi le-motherboard esebenzisa inguqulo yamanje ye-BIOS. Le firmware ingalandwa kusuka kusayithi lomkhiqizi we-motherboard futhi ifakwe ngesicelo esikhethekile.

Philosophy of breakdowns

Izizathu zokuthi kungani ikhompyutha engaboni idrayivu ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: i-hardware ne-software. Ukuze uxazulule uhlobo lokuqala, kufanele ube nokufinyelela ngaphakathi kweyunithi yesistimu. Yiqiniso, uma ifakwe isitifiketi sewaranti, kuzomele usebenzise amasevisi ensizakalo yesevisi. Ngokuvamile kukhona nokuhluleka kohlelo okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwezicelo zokulawula: bangakwazi futhi kufanele basuswe noma ngabe yikuphi. Ake siqale ngeyesibili.

Isiteshi esivunyelwe

Inqwaba yezinkomba zediski zanamuhla ziphuma ebhokisini, okungukuthi, umsebenzisi udinga kuphela ukuthenga idivayisi, uyibeke ngaphakathi kweyunithi yesistimu (uma kwenzeka inguqulo ye-classic) bese uxhuma imigqa emibili kuwo: ukunikezwa kwamandla kanye nekhebula lesikhangiso. Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luvuliwe, ingxenye entsha izothathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, abashayeli bafakwe futhi ukufinyelela kuzoba khona. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi uxhumano olulula alwanele, futhi uhlelo alubona ngisho nokujoyina imishini entsha. Umsebenzisi okhungathekile kuleli cala uphendukela kwesevisi yokusekela ngombuzo othi "kungani i-PC ingaboni idrayivu".

Futhi isizathu sokuhluleka emsebenzini kungase kube kuzilungiselelo ze-BIOS ezingavumelani ikhompyutha. Ukubuyisela ukusebenza kahle kuleli cala, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucindezele inkinobho yaseDel ngokushesha emva kokunikezwa kwamandla, okuzoholela ekusungulweni kosizo lokulungisa imingcele yebhodi le-motherboard. Lapha, umsebenzisi udinga ukuthola iwindi lwazi (ngokuvamile "Okuyinhloko"), elikhombisa amadivaysi e-disk atholakalayo. Uma kungekho igama lokushayela ohlwini, udinga ukuya kusigaba sokucushwa kwesitoreji bese usetha wonke amarekhodi ukunika amandla, bese uqhubeka ku-Option Exit bese ulondoloza izinguquko. Idivayisi ngayinye ixhuma kuchweba layo, ngokulandelana, uma ukusetshenziswa kwesiteshi kungavunyelwe, ukutholakala ngeke kwenzeke. Ngakho-ke, uma ikhompyutha ingaboni i-DVD drive, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le parameter ye-BIOS ayivunyelwe.

I-AHCI noma i-IDE

Ngezinye izikhathi ukushayela kuhlu lwamadivayisi we-BIOS atholakalayo kukhona, kodwa alukho ohlelweni lokusebenza. Kulesi simo, imbangela yokwehluleka kungaba yimodi yokusebenza yesiteshi engasekelwa. Esigabeni "Esiyinhloko" kukhona into "ye-SATA Mode", engasethwa kwi-IDE noma i-AHCI imodi. Ngenxa yokungabi nakwehluleka, kubalulekile ukuthi i-motherboard isekele ngokugcwele imishini entsha, ngaphandle kwalokho umsebenzi kungenzeka kuphela ngemingcele eminingi. Ikakhulukazi, uma ikhompyutha ingaboni idrayivu, ungazama ukushintsha Imodi ye-SATA kwimodi ehlukile. Sicela wazi ukuthi emva kwalokhu, kungase kudingeke ubuyisele uhlelo lokusebenza.

Ukufingqa ukuhluleka kohlelo, singasho ukuthi ngalezi zinkinga, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlola ngokucophelela izilungiselelo ze-BIOS bese usetha imingcele efanele. Isixazululo sekhadinali ukusetha kabusha zonke izilungiselelo esimweni sefektri. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuvala izikhonkwane ezimbili ebhodini le-motherboard (indawo yabo ichaziwe kumqulu wezincwadi) noma ngokusebenzisa into ephuthelwe yi-Load Optimized item in BIOS.

I-Port mismatch

Zonke izinkomba zediski zanamuhla zenzelwe ukusebenza nge -interface ye-SATA. I-PATA engenasici ayitholakali nanini, futhi i-USB yiyona ndlela yokuxazulula izixazululo zangaphandle. Nakuba amabhodi omama asekela ibhasi eliyinkimbinkimbi isikhathi eside ngisho nasezingeni le-chipset, yingakho akufanele kube nezinkinga, abanikazi abaningi bezinhlelo ezintsha zekhompiyutha, njengoba bekwenzile, babuza "kungani ikhompyutha engaboni idrayivu". Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukuxhuma izixhumi ze-SATA ku -boardboard futhi idivaysi ene-loop efanele ayikwazi ukuholela kumphumela oyifunayo. Futhi konke kulula: kumabhodi wamanje manje ufake izinhlobo ezimbili zezingxenyeni ze-SATA: izinguqulo zesibili nesithathu. Izinhlelo eziningi zokusebenza ngaphandle kokufaka umshayeli owengeziwe angeke zisebenze ngesilinganiso esisha, ngakho-ke inkinga. Uma umsebenzisi oxhuma i-SATA-2 drive ku-port version 3, kodwa iphakheji lokulawula alifaki, khona-ke ukusebenza akuqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abathuthukisi bamemezela ukuhambisana "phezulu-phansi". Ngokwenza, lokhu kuyingxenye yeqiniso kuphela. Ngakho-ke, uma ikhompyutha ingaboni idrayivu, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi uxhumano lwayo lwenziwa esikhwameni se-SATA2 ebhodini le-motherboard. Uma kungenjalo, faka abashayeli be-SATA3.

Ikhebula lesikhulumi

Inqwaba enebhodi le-motherboard njalo ifika nekhebula elilodwa eliyi-serial. Ngokujwayelekile isetshenziswa umnikazi ukuxhumana i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi nebhodi, kodwa kuwo wonke amanye amadivaysi afana nekhebula athengwa ngokwehlukana. Inkinga yukuthi izinkampani eziningi manje zinikeza imikhiqizo yazo emakethe - kusukela ezincane kuya eShayina kancane. Ngakho, izinga libuye lihluke. Ngisho into enjalo elula njengekhebula le-SATA lingenza ukungasebenzi, engeza kumnikazi wezinwele ezimpunga. Abaqhubi bezinga eliphansi ngaphakathi kwekhebula, amakhebula wokuxhumana angenamandla, ukwephulwa endaweni yokuhlunga: ingabe kuyamangaza ukuthi kungani ikhompyutha ingaboni idrayivu?

Kubalulekile noma ngokweqile?

Ezinye izintambo ze-SATA kuma-plugs ziqukethe izinsimbi ezikhethekile zensimbi, ngosizo lwalo, emva kokuxhumeka kwisixhumi, kungenzeka ukuthi ukukhishwa okukhethiwe okuncane kunciphisa. Kodwa izixazululo zakudala ezingenalo ukusebenza okunjalo, kwezinye izimo, zithintana nocingo, kungani kuphakama umbuzo "kungani ikhompyutha engaboni idrayivu."
Ngalezi zinkinga, kunengqondo ukuthatha indawo yekhebula lesikhombimsebenzisi. Yebo, uma kungenakho ukulungisa, kufanele kwenziwe. Bonke abakhiqizi abazihloniphayo bayazi le nciance futhi bakhiphe emakethe izixazululo ezingabizi, kodwa ezinokwethenjelwa.

Iphutha le-Port

Esinye sezimbangela ezivamile zokuhluleka komshayeli ukuhluleka kwe-SATA ku-motherboard. Njengoba akumangalisi, kodwa uma omunye wabaxhumanisi eyekile ukusebenza ngendlela evamile, omakhelwane bavame ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuhluleka. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka okunjalo, kubalulekile ukuvula icala leyunithi yesistimu, thola i-loop evela edivayisini kuya ebhodini bese uyibuyisela kwenye i-SATA engumakhelwane. Qaphela ukuthi lesi sici asisho ukwehluleka ngokomzimba kwechweba, futhi inkinga ingaba ukuhambisana kwedrayivu nebhodi.

Inkinga disk

Futhi, ekugcineni, esinye sezizathu "ezithandwayo" kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ukucinga okude kwempendulo yombuzo othi "kungani ikhompyutha engaboni i-drive" iqale - lena idiski engafundiwe, ekhohliwe kudivayisi. Mhlawumbe, umnikazi ngamunye wesistimu yekhompiyutha uhlangabezane nemikhiqizo engafuni ukufunda kule drive. Uma uzama ukuvula idrayivu, ama-hums okushayela, ukuvula, ama-brake, futhi ngazo zonke izindlela wenqaba ukusebenza nesampula. Uma ngabe imidiya enenkinga enjalo ishiywe kudrayivu ngenkathi ikhompiyutha ivuliwe, idivayisi ingase ingatholakali ngemuva kokulandwa kwisistimu yokusebenza.