Okuhlezi emqondweni izitebhisi ukhonkolo: ukusetshenziswa, isakhiwo

Kunzima ukucabanga yesimanje esezithuthukiswe ngaphandle kwezinto eziningi ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo, okuyinto yena, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle izindiza ka izitebhisi, kudingekile ngakho ukuba kwakhiwe injongo ezimbonini kanye yokuhlala.

ukwakhiwa IMisa uthenge kabanzi kunazo kwagcizelela ukhonkolo izitebhisi. Bona, naphezu ukubukeka ebukekayo, abe eziningi izici ewusizo.

isithunzi

imikhiqizo enjalo zinezikhathi ukuntuleka izindleko lisetshenziswa, kalula yokuqedela, eziphansi kanye namandla high. ukukhiqizwa yabo mass Kwenziwa ngokuhambisana GOST elawula Ubukhulu nezakhiwo. Futhi ifa isikhathi eside ukusetshenziswa, ezifweni ongaphakeme ukugqoka futhi izakhiwo ukumelana nomlilo, kufinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa impahla ongeke nomlilo.

Precast kwagcizelela indiza obuphathekayo izitebhisi wenza kusuka ezisindayo-duty ketshezi ukhonkolo uyavikeleka nge ukumelana ngenyanga izinduku kwagcizelela metal okhethekile yokugcizelela wire.

Ngenxa ngesisekelo eliphezulu izinto zokusetshenziswa, lezi ezakhiwe ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni eziyingozi ezithandwa ukuzamazama komhlaba kanye nezimo zezulu eziguqukayo ngoba ukudalwa hlaka lwamapulangwe-izakhiwo, izindawo zezimboni, zokuhlala kanye zomphakathi, hhayi kuphela emakhaya, kodwa futhi kusukela ngaphandle. Kungasetshenziswa njengoba engaphansi, egumbini elingaphansi futhi izakhiwo phansi.

izinhlobo

Ngo izakhiwo ezinkulu ezitebhisini ihlukaniswe nokumasha, isibalo okuyinto incike inani phansi. Marsha amelela izinyathelo, zazo ogibele ugongolo asekelayo. Idivayisi indiza ka izitebhisi kuyinto inhlanganisela izitebhisi amamashi ezimbili.

Zimbili izinhlobo izitebhisi - prefabricated futhi Monolithic. Lesi sakamuva ayisakhiwo classical a block esiqinile ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu, usezuze luvame kakhulu amakhaya ejwayelekile.

Precast imikhiqizo ukhonkolo zisekelwe kosour noma bowstrings, zingabantu elula kakhudlwana uma udala izakhi Ubukhulu angajwayelekile. izitebhisi Ukhonkolo pads ahlukaniswe ukuqaliswa constructional ukuba rotary, isiyingi, yehlukene futhi odnomarshevye. Kukhona ukuguqulwa ukuze udlulele isiqondiso kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla.

Ribbed izinyathelo ukhonkolo nge fascia ogibele imishayo luqiniswe ukuqinisa, kukhona frieze futhi ukubusa kumasayithi. embodiments Planar ifakwe LM futhi esekelwe kwagcizelela ipuleti flat. Isikhundla LMP isetshenziswa span uhlobo ribbed nge platform esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Naphezu kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa enikeziwe kuphela izibalo kwangaphambilini noma imodeli amakhaya, kulula kanye nokunciphisa nesikhathi sokwakha.

A indiza ka izitebhisi: Ubukhulu

ukwakhiwa ukhonkolo, izilinganiso oyinhloko lapho ethulwa ububanzi, ukuphakama futhi ubude lelivakalako, ekhiqizwa ngosayizi ojwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, awukwazi ukukhiqiza izilinganiso kwangaphambilini e isicelo ongakhetha okuqinile. Izisekelo prefabricated ngemishayo nezinyathelo ekhiqizwa in Ubukhulu ejwayelekile nge umehluko nganoma yisiphi isitebhisi injongo. Marsh ungase ube obuphelele kuze kube 6900 mm at ububanzi esimisiwe 650 kuya 1700 mm. I sakugcina isinyathelo ukuphakama kuyinto 150 mm.

shintsha izilungiselelo

Ngenxa ukuba khona sebuningini izibonelo ezibonakalayo, ilungele ukufakwa lula izingxenye zesakhiwo ezakhiweni kunezikhala ukuthi musa ukundlula ukuphakama ethile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zikhona ezinye ukungqubuzana.

Uma kwagcizelela ezitebhisini ukhonkolo kufanele ukuphakama enkulu kakhulu, ngokweqile isusiwe esebenzisa fascia timphawu ephansi, yokuminza kwabantu base. Akuvunyelwe ukwandisa ukuphakama obandayo isinyathelo phansi, njengoba lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni, avame kwenzeka uma kukhona ukukhanya enganele.

Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, ushintsho ezingeni timphawu aphansi ngumuntu degrees ambalwa. Emthambekeni nxephezela ukuphakama ngokweqile futhi ngeke lubonakale phakathi ukunyakaza. Ubujamo plate eliphezulu siyahlukahluka obuphelele ukuntula mashi, lapho ilungu ukwesekwa iba frieze protrusion engenhla onqenqemeni engezansi setshe.

imiklamo ngomumo

Ngenxa yokuntula isikhala, ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho kususwa umuntu ongaphakeme-liphumele izakhiwo, imikhiqizo ukhonkolo zenziwa oda, ngokuvumelana nemingcele kokuqala. Ukuphakama esigabeni kulokhu usayizi ikakhulu backsight.

izitebhisi Iphele (ngokhonkolo njalo nakakhulu) atholwe okwandile yabo ngenxa izinga izici nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusisebenzisa. Zinciphisa izindleko zokwakha futhi ukusheshisa isikhathi ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe. ukubukeka ebukekayo kungenziwa ngokuphelele isimo ngokwenziwa ngombala zokuhlobisa, izinguqulo zazo axhomeke namandla ezezimali kanye isitayela jikelele. Kabanzi esetshenziswa upende, Ukunquma itshe yokufakelwa, Tile noma ama-tile.

ukuqinisa

Ukuqinisa amamashi ezidingekayo ezindaweni bengatholi kuxhaswa izinga ngaphansi ingxenye phakathi design. Ngenxa yezinyoni yokugcizelela ekuvimbeleni okuvela amaphutha nokusasamba ukhonkolo, kwagcizelela ukhonkolo ngaleyo ndlela izitebhisi ukuthola amandla.

Kanye nemigoqo base substrate embondelene of okuhlinza nge high kwakwakhe crosslinked. Metal engela osetshenziselwa izigaba sokuvalwa imiphetho ukugwema ebhidlikayo. Ubuhlobo obuseduze Esingawethemba eziphathekako enikeziwe ekhoneni sezulu ngokuthulisa Welding steel wire.

Ngaphambi bathele mass ukhonkolo ku isikhunta ukukhwezwa ipuleti okushukumiwe metal noma ukhuni Imigudu kuthiwa kamuva fixed ukubiya.

Sikhishwe yokuthi mass ukhonkolo kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo izingqimba eyenziwe ukugcwaliswa ngamunye degree ngesinyathelo esisodwa. Le ndiza adalwe uhambo, izinyathelo nakuzingxenyekazi isixazululo Gcwalisa ekupheleni ahambisana amathuluzi akhethekile. Ngemva kokugcina ukuqina mass kwagcizelela izitebhisi ukhonkolo zilungele ukusetshenziswa.