Nokuvikela endaweni izimpumputhe endlini: zisetshenziselwe ukuqaliswa, ukufakwa kanye nezici

Ngemva kokuphela ukwakhiwa yendlu kuyadingeka ukuze uhlele indawo abayizimpumputhe. Uma ungaphenduki, imvula, ehla evela ukwakha uphahla noma udonga lwendlu, bayasala, ukugqugquzela subsidence kwesisekelo. Ukuvikela isakhiwo kusuka umswakama futhi kuvimbele ekuqongeleleni yayo egumbini sebenzisa izinto, nge ekhethekile amanzi-oxosha izakhiwo. Ungangenisi amanzi kwendawo izimpumputhe kuyadingeka lenza lemisebenzi elandelayo:

• Ukuvikelwa kwezakhiwo umthwalo eziveza, egumbini elingaphansi futhi egumbini ngamanzi;
• nokwehlisa umswakama eduze isisekelo kuthuthukisa ezishisayo ukwahlukanisa izakhiwo zalo;
• ekuvimbeleni inhlabathi ukuvuvukala;
• Ukuvikelwa kwesisekelo kusukela obangelwe izimpande izitshalo zisetshenziswa;
• ikhava isakhiwo ukunikeza ukubukeka zokuhlobisa.

Ngaphansi otmostki inhlabathi wezolimo usayizi isuswe, okuyinto ukujula kufana mayelana 25 cm. Ububanzi zayo elikhulu 100 cm. Ungangenisi amanzi endaweni izimpumputhe endlini kuyinto emhlabeni azungezwe, futhi azikaze esetshenziswa impahla. Uma eziphephile we cornice, ekhuluma emhlanganweni ibanga elikhulu, endaweni izimpumputhe kufanele kwenziwe ebanzi ukuze amanzi econsa kuso.

Nokuvikela endaweni izimpumputhe: impahla

1. Roll izinto nazo efanelekayo ophahleni ekuvikeleni: geotextile, ukufulela impahla, gidrostekloizol, polypropylene, rubemast.
2. Liquid - izocubungulwa ezishelelayo isisekelo futhi ungangenisi amanzi emalungeni: ibitume-mastic, itiyela, sifakwe emanzini e ukwakhiwa ukhonkolo.
3. izinto Solid: i-asphalt, ukhonkolo, cobblestones, slabs kuvuleke, itshe yokufakelwa nabanye.

Izinhlobo otmostki ngobuningi

Indlela elula izimpumputhe endaweni ungangenisi amanzi kwenziwa nobumba. Zahlakazeka zahlala endlini nge ezitshekile phandle, inqama, bese uvale phezulu ezinye izinto, ezifana amatshe, ukuthi akukhona lincishiswa amanzi.

Kuye isicelo, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ungangenisi amanzi pavings.

1. Bulk. Siqukethe izingqimba ezimbili. Ngenhla ungqimba phansi ngobumba ohlangene (ukujiya: 20 cm) ibekwe ungqimba ngohlalwane 10 cm awugqinsi ungangenisi amanzi uhlobo iyona elula.. Zifakwe ngesikhathi isihoxiso amanzi kusukela kudoti ophahleni nge futhi ezindaweni kokuncinyane kwezulu. Ngokusho endaweni izimpumputhe enjalo ungakhululekile ukuhamba. futhi angagcina ukufiphaza ubumba uma kumanzi.
2. Bulk nge ezengeziwe Ukuvikelwa ungangenisi amanzi. endaweni Blind kunzima kakhulu. Ifanele ukuvikelwa amakhaya kanye ezindlini. Roll ngoba nokuvikela endaweni izimpumputhe sisiba phezu ungqimba Clays ohlangene nge plate esisekelweni bese ligcwele amatshe noma amatshe. Ukuze ungqimba wayengekho friable, okwenza Puff "ikhekhe" :. Clay Indwangu ungangenisi amanzi ungqimba 5 cm isihlabathi indawo, geotextile, ungqimba ngohlalwane obukhulu 10 cm geotextile futhi ungqimba ngohlalwane 10 cm for nzima otmostki kuwusizo ukusebenzisa ngezinto eziqinile esekelwe polypropylene, PVC ifilimu, kanye nabanye.

Soft endaweni ngobuningi izimpumputhe ngokuya isetshenziswa ngokuqondene obhekwe eliphezulu coating yama-materials -. Amathayili Paving, itshe yokufakelwa, njll Basuke ezibekwe ungqimba isihlabathi, ukhululekile futhi isikhathi eside.

Asphalt noma riprap ukhonkolo

Solid ungangenisi amanzi endaweni izimpumputhe lakhiwe ngokhonkolo noma asphalt kuyisivikelo okuthembekile ngokumelene imvula. Ingabe ushona ngu 25 cm inhlabathi azungeze indlu. Phansi emseleni kufanele ohlangene ngokucophelela. It is ke yakhiwa ukhonkolo asakazwe formwork. Umsele ibekwe ecashile isihlabathi ungqimba kwaba obukhulu 10 cm. It oswakanyiswe amanzi ohlangene. Wathela phezu ukushuba isihlabathi ungqimba 5 cm ngohlalwane, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi ohlangene. Embondelene phezu kwamanetha zomgwaqo ukuqinisa.

isixazululo Ukhonkolo kuyinto efiselekayo ugcwalise isinyathelo esisodwa ukunikeza amandla adingekayo. Ngemva ebusweni kuqondiswa futhi umthetho uthi emthambekeni 5-10 ^0. Ngemva sokwelapha esiyinhloko amahora amabili otmostka uvala ifilimu izinsuku 2. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze uzitholele umswakama, singase sinyuse amandla ungqimba. I enamathela nakho kungase asphalt.

Otmostku ukhonkolo kungenziwa ukusakaza kusukela amabhodi esiphelele. It has izici ezifanayo njengoba ukugcwaliswa. Manje kabanzi kuvuleke noma kuvuleke Slabs. Ngenxa yale njongo, ubumba ungqimba waterproof wathela amatshe ke - isihlabathi, futhi kuvuleke enamathela okuqinile.

Ungangenisi amanzi kanye amanzi

Amanzi ukugeleza ku emaphethelweni elingaphandle endaweni izimpumputhe wenza amanzi. Kukhona ungacaba itshe inkatho. Phansi laligcwele ungangenisi amanzi. Ungakwazi umane sinqume kanye wafaka asbestos usimende noma plastic ipayipi. It wenziwa nge ukuchema kuzo ukuba imithombo amanzi.

Ungasebenzisa emiseleni ngomumo eyenziwe noma amanzi emathileyi enamabha phezulu.

isixazululo Isabelomali ukusetshenziswa amanzi avaliwe. Ngenxa yalesi kufanelekile ku namadreni geotextiles, zazo zigcwele amatshe bese zihambisana phezu ngendwangu efanayo wamboza ngesihlabathi. Nokuvikela ngaphansi endaweni abe impumputhe, bese amanzi kwenziwa sisonke, ukuze amanzi ingahambi walihlanganisa nomhlabathi phansi.

Izici endaweni waterproof izimpumputhe

1. Ungangenisi amanzi akhethiwe ikhumbula izimo zezulu, isimo somhlabathi, khona komhlaba netimphawu ikhaya indawo.
2. Nokuvikela endaweni izimpumputhe endlini kungaba kwenziwe emazingeni ehlukene. Ezimweni eziningi kuba ukhonkolo eyanele screed. Kodwa kukhona esinye isinyathelo kubalulekile ukuvikela indlu usebenzisa roll ungangenisi amanzi. I amaphakethe nge ukugqagqana ku base ukuphakama 15-20 cm.
3. Ukuvikelwa Quality bunikezwa endlini, uma isisekelo mastic asphalt ikhava, wayesezibeka abasohlwini wakhe ukwahlukanisa. Uma kwenziwa izingqimba eziningana, ngayinye ehambisana odongeni nge-mastic.
4. endaweni Blind senziwa ngesisekelo nokuvikela usimende. Abakwazi ukuzalela bebodwa, kwengezwa okufakiwe.

Ekujuleni ukwahlukanisa isisekelo

Ungangenisi amanzi engaphansi kwesakhiwo kanye endaweni izimpumputhe uku eziyinkimbinkimbi. indlela yanamuhla ekwelapheni evele ukhonkolo eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini izingoma ehlanganisa Portland usimende nge fillers futhi esebenzayo amakhemikhali izithasiselo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula ezimbotsheni ukhonkolo ukususa izingcezwana ababuthakathaka. Ebusweni kumele oswakanyiswe ngaphambi kokwelashwa, kodwa hhayi ngokweqile, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke usabonakala impahla (hhayi ningi than 5 amalitha amanzi ngamunye imitha square). Lapho impahla yokuzalanisa kumele uthobele yonke amaphuzu imiyalelo. Kubalulekile ukuthi impregnation ebusweni kwakulingana hlobo. It sisetshenziswa ngokulinganayo. izingqimba Izacile kungukuthi kahle ekwenzeni imisebenzi yawo, futhi obukhulu aqhephukile. Ukwanelisa izimbobo ayizwakali ngoba izindlela okuhloselwe ukuthuthukisa ungangenisi amanzi izakhiwo ukhonkolo. Ukwakheka Avikelayo igcwalisa ezimbotsheni ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umswakama.

isiphetho

Otmostku ungenza noma yimuphi umuntu akanawo amakhono professional umakhi. Kulokhu, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele ukuze thembeke ukuvikela isisekelo emvuleni. ezibalulekile Ikakhulukazi nokuvikela endaweni abayizimpumputhe.