Ngomphimbo Izifo: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

umsebenzi emphinjeni cishe yibo bonke abantu. Ngokusho lokhu elula, Uma unganakile, umzimba kugwinywe ukudla womuntu uhamba zingene esiswini. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, isifo ngomphimbo, izimpawu iluphi okuzoxoxwa ngalo kulesi sihloko yilezi ngempela ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ziyehlukahluka, njengoba kalula iba elikhanyayo futhi zibe nozwelo wonke amaphutha ekudleni kwethu.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, le ndoda, ukuthola izimpawu yesifo okuthiwa umzimba, avame attributed them izinkinga esiswini, inhliziyo noma emgogodleni isifo, futhi ukuze kulungiswe isimo, sizame ukubazi kangcono.

Kuyini dysphagia?

Ukuze uqale, ake sibheke mfanekiso cishe zonke isifo izimpawu emphinjeni.

Eyokuqala wabo - dysphagia. Lokhu kungukuphula singagwinyi izinqubo yikona okudala izinkinga obusebenzayo noma izithiyo organic ukuhamba ukudla ngokusebenzisa kuqhoqhoqho.

Lokhu ukuhlukumeza ephawula umuzwa wokuthi ukudla wanamathela ngesikhathi ukugwinya noma ukudlula esiswini. By endleleni, it has okumelwe ahlukaniswe kusuka Afaq, okuyinto kuwuphawu isimiso okuphelele emphinjeni futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

isilungulela

Olunye uphawu lesi sifo esiswini kanye kuqhoqhoqho kuyinto retrosternal esivuthayo ukuzwa ukuthi ibhebhetheka entanyeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ezandleni. Ngokuvamile, isilungulela ephelezelwa regurgitation (ejection) lokuqukethwe esiswini, kanye umuzwa wokuthi Rolls kuze kube emphinjeni wave efudumele.

Isilungulela mubi kakhulu emva kokudla, lapho isiguli asondele, kuthatha isikhundla ovundlile noma zingaphazamisi ngokwenyama. Futhi ngegalelo lako zingancishiswa uma nje kugwinywe ngamathe, ukwenza sips ambalwa amanzi noma ukuthatha antacid (hydrochloric acid zokuyithena isinyathelo) kusho.

Njalo futhi ezinzima isilungulela - uphawu eliqinisekile izinkinga ukusebenza emphinjeni, isibonelo, Bile Reflux noma hydrochloric acid, ikhono iziyaluyalu umzimba sika yokwelula nokuvuvukala yayo mucosal (oesophagitis).

odynophagia

Soreness isenzo ukugwinya ukuthi kwenzeka ngemuva breastbone, - odynophagia, ngokuvamile zibangelwa lesion mucosal ebusweni emphinjeni. Kumele ahlukaniswe kusuka spastic ubuhlungu besifuba elihlobene ne baphokophelele yinhlama kanzima ukudla. Odynophagia - uphawu non-ethize, nokunye kunzima ukunquma onjani zokugula emzimbeni echazwe ombangela ubuhlungu.

Ukuze Reflux esophagitis ecacisiwe uphawu akuyona ejwayelekile, kodwa kungatholakala i-esophagitis ezithathelwanayo (ikakhulukazi uma Candida zilwane, futhi herpes). Uma ikhemikhali ezishile, isilonda nobuhlungu umdlavuza futhi ebonwe emphinjeni - izizathu izimpawu ezifanayo zamacala la phezu.

Atypical ubuhlungu besifuba

ubuhlungu atypical kuhlukile isilungulela noma odynophagia. Ngokungafani yokugcina, ngasendleleni, kungase futhi zenzeka ne Reflux esophagitis, kanye ezimeni ngomphimbo motility neziyaluyalu, ezifana esophagospasm. Lokhu uphawu selivela ngezikhathi zokudla, futhi angesabi.

ngisezinhlungwini futhi obuyisimanga e emphinjeni, izimbangela zazo sizoxoxa kamuva, kungase kube uphawu lokungabi umdlavuza noma izilonda ngomphimbo. Phela, ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye isiguli esifanayo kungase abe umlingisi ezahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi iziguli ngisho bakuthola kunzima ukuchaza imizwa yabo.

Kwezinye izimo, le ubuhlungu besifuba kungenzeka ukuthi umataniswe ukuqeda iziphazamiso ezazingase atypical e motility ngomphimbo. Kulokhu, iziguli zingase zibhekane iziyaluyalu kakhudlwana futhi zokuziphatha, ukucindezeleka, uvalo iziyaluyalu zengqondo kanye nemizwelo ukukhathazeka.

regurgitation

Lokhu uphawu iye ezishiwo incazelo isilungulela, njengoba kuwuphawu yomngane wakhe. Reguritatsiya ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphandle nesicanucanu diaphragm ukusikwa futhi ngokuvamile uhambisana eziningi izifo emphinjeni nasesiswini.

Izimpawu Ukuyekwa kwezindlela okuqukethwe esiswini emlonyeni ezihambisana pathologies ezifana stricture ngomphimbo noma diverticulum. A Reflux gastro-ngomphimbo reguritatsii ijoyina kwenye futhi ukubukeka emlonyeni ukunambitheka ababayo noma omuncu ukuthi kungenxa yokwehluleka sphincter ngomphimbo.

Uphawu echazwe esiyingozi popadenii okuqukethwe esiswini ohlelweni zokuphefumula futhi kungabangela hhayi kuphela ukukhwehlela, kodwa futhi kokuziklinya. Ngezinye izikhathi regurgitation kungabangela nenshisekelo nenyumoniya.

Kanjani lesi sifo eyinhloko achalasia ngomphimbo

Izimpawu ngomphimbo isifo kuholela ubuhlungu futhi kobukhulu sternum, ukubukeka regurgitation, Reflux, izinkinga ababa nazo ukugwinya, isicanucanu, isilungulela, halitosis ngenxa abolile ukudla emphinjeni, kungase kubonise okuvela achalasia.

Lesi sifo yaziwa nangokuthi "cardiospasm" futhi kuyinto zokugula kwamanyuroni obuhambisana ukuhlukumeza of kuvulwa sphincter, etholakala engxenyeni engezansi emphinjeni futhi ubizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukudla ngeke ungene esiswini, okubangela izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla.

Izimbangela zesifo akwaziwa. Kanti kwezinye izimo, libonakala okungazelelwe, futhi abanye - sibangelwa kancane kancane. I ekhombisa nesineke ngokuvamile uvuma achalasia, ekunciphiseni engayitholi kwabo semali amanzi, umzimba Gymnastic, njll

Kodwa ukuqhubeka zokugula odinga impendulo sina umbuzo indlela yokuphatha emphinjeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela okuhloswe ngaso nokususa izithiyo ukuze ukudlula ukudla - cardiodiosis (ibhaluni Ukuvuleka komlomo sphincter) noma kardiomiotomiyu (imbobo kuhlinzwa imisipha sphincter). ukwelashwa izidakamizwa futhi ngokuvamile uhlamvu asizayo.

Izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa spasm ngomphimbo

Tifo letibangwa emphinjeni, okuyinto sicabangele izimpawu zingase ukuthuthukisa ku ukusebenza evamile sphincter. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kule spasm sitho, ngokuvamile kuba ngenxa yezifo wokugaya ukudla noma ukuphazamiseka kwempilo sezinzwa.

Ngalesi isifo isiguli ekhononda zobuhlungu wamandla ezingafani isikhathi ukudlula ukudla ngokusebenzisa kuqhoqhoqho kanye nokugwinya izinkinga. By the way, ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu kwenzeka phakathi ukudla bese kalula kudidaniswe izimpawu of angina.

Ukuhlola emphinjeni kule isifo ngokuvamile baphawula ukusonteka yayo ngenxa kwemisipha izinhlungu zibe. Lezi zifo zidinga ukwelashwa we emphinjeni, ngokuvamile ngoludala, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kube ukuqokwa Ukudla uyazonga nezidakamizwa antispasmodic, futhi nitrofuran namanxusa sine. Endabeni yokuphazamiseka eziphikelelayo nesineke edingekayo ibhaluni dilatation noma ukuhlinzwa.

Kuyini Reflux esophagitis?

Lesi sifo ubizwa nangokuthi esophagitis peptic no libhekene ngokuphonsa okuqukethwe isisu emphinjeni. Isizathu salokhu mkhuba ukwehluleka sphincter aphansi. isinyathelo engapheli eyayiqhutshwa of juice esiswini futhi Bile ine imvelo nolaka futhi kuholela ukuvuvukala ulceration we mucosa, lapho nezibazi kwenzeka ukuvaleka emphinjeni.

Njengomthetho, lesi sifo kwenzeka kancane kancane futhi ngokuvamile kubonakala izinsana.

Kulesi isifo izimpawu emphinjeni ngokuvamile kubonakala ngesimo isilungulela kanye ukuncinza endaweni retrosternal, okungase kwenzeke noma ukucasulwa eguqa phambili, zilale phansi, futhi ngesikhathi ukubhema noma ukuphuza utshwala.

Esophagitis kungenziwa nzima ukopha (ngokuvamile kufihlwe), isifiso ephathwa inyumoniya futhi isibanda izinguquko emphinjeni.

Ukuxilonga lokhu ezofagogasteroskopiyu zokugula wenziwa kanye -X-ray barium yombala. Indlela yokwelapha esebenza okuhloswe ngalo ukuqeda kwezimbangela eziyinhloko esophagitis (pylorospasm, e hernia piloroduodenalnyh hiatal noma stenosis). Isiguli futhi ebekiwe izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa asidi ( "Ranitidine" futhi "Famotidine"), antacids futhi antispasmodics. Ukudla yezifo uyazonga emphinjeni namandla wamaqhuzu.

hernia diaphragmatic

Ngezinye izikhathi ngokusebenzisa ukukhubazeka azalwa naso futhi atholwe diaphragm phakathi komgodi esifubeni ukuhambisa izitho besisu - simo ichazwa njengesifo hernia diaphragmatic. Ngokuvamile yenzeka kuvulwa ngomphimbo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, futhi uphawu lesi sifo esivuna Reflux esophagitis, kanye ukopha kufihlwe futhi isimo sokuntuleka kwegazi.

Indlela esiphatha ngayo emphinjeni kulokhu ukuzixazulula ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe usebenzisa-X-ray kanye Endoscopy. Ngokuvamile, ayikho indlela yokuyelapha ngoludala, okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa Reflux. Ezimweni ukuvaleka emphinjeni noma ukopha, kokungenela kuhlinzwa.

isifo Barrett sika emphinjeni

Lapho izinhlungu zithi emphinjeni, ngemuva sternum, waphonsa okuqukethwe isisu emlonyeni, isilungulela, ukunambitheka acid emlonyeni, ukukhwehlela chronic hoarseness angakhuluma isifo emphinjeni, okuthiwa metaplasia Barrett sika.

Isizathu, okuyinto kuphakamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo engakaze isungulwe, kodwa sathola ukuthi kuphakama ngempela isimo esibucayi ngenxa gastro-oesophageal Reflux esophagitis (sokudonsa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo zokugula kungaba Umfutho emdlavuzeni.

metaplasia Barrett sika ephelezelwa angakwazi ebusweni mucosal kwamaseli - amaseli abami we kuqhoqhoqho esikhundleni amaseli mucosa emathunjini. Phela, kubhekwa isimo precancerous, kungakhathaliseki yokuthi umdlavuza emphinjeni - isifo ezingavamile.

Barrett sika metaplasia: ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ngomphimbo

Izimpawu, ukwelapha edinga ukusazi ngokunembile isifo esikuphethe, nge metaplasia Barrett sika ngempela kuqinisekiswa ucwaningo olwengeziwe njengoba Endoscopy futhi biopsy.

Ukuze umphimbo lokhu lesiguli ukufaka tube ekhethekile mncane okuyothi emphinjeni kungenziwa zihlolwe, bese likhiphe isampuli izicubu for ukuhlaziya okwalandela kwamaseli.

Ekwelapheni emphinjeni Barrett sika focus kuvamise on the sokudonsa ukwelashwa ingqondo metaplasia, kanye nokuvimbela umdlavuza. Ukwelashwa has uhlamvu efanayo for ekwelapheni engatholwa (antacids nemithi antireflux), kodwa babubukhulu ngokwengeziwe. Uma kunjalo, kanye yokwelapha yokudla engalethi impumuzo, kanye ezimeni ukwephula umbhunu, isiguli, kokungenela kuhlinzwa libizwa fundoplication (ekumiseni valve yokufakelwa).

Umdlavuza emphinjeni

Tifo letibangwa emphinjeni, izimpawu zazo kuxoxwa ngazo esihlokweni - iyisifo eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa zokugula ezimbi kakhulu ngokungangabazeki umdlavuza.

Ngo ukuthuthukiswa izimila umdlavuza e emphinjeni zidlala indima ebalulekile ukuvuvukala okungalapheki umzimba okubangwa zamakhemikhali, ezishisayo noma ukushukuma lokukhanda. A ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala kwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza asathuthuka by izikhathi 12!

Ngokuvamile, ekuqaleni lesi sifo asymptomatic, futhi lokhu kungathatha iminyaka engu-2. Lapho isimila ikhula kangangokuthi ngenxa ke unciphise mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we emphinjeni, isiguli izimpawu zezinkinga ukudlula ukudla ngomzimba okuthiwa. Khulisa dysphagia - uphawu nobuntu umdlavuza. Futhi uma ekuqaleni lesifo sakhe, livela kuphela uma kugwinywe noma kabi ezokuhlafunwa ngokudla okuqinile, bese kamuva isiguli kuphela sebenzisa imikhiqizo ewuketshezi noma-semi ketshezi.

Idatha izinkomba ezicela Ukuwohloka isimo jikelele: ukucobeka, ukungakuthandi ukudla, kwesisindo. Ngo ukuvaleka abukhali mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we izigaba e emphinjeni futhi livela amathe ngokweqile.

Kwezinye iziguli ukuthuthukiswa izimila kanye kuhambisana emizweni ubuhlungu emuva noma ngemuva breastbone. Ngokuvamile, lapho zenzeka ngesikhathi ukungenisa futhi emva kwesikhashana zinyamalale. Akuvamile ubuhlungu obunjalo ziyaqhubeka.

Ukwelashwa lomdlavuza emphinjeni

Ukwelashwa kwezifo of the emphinjeni, umdlavuza ethintekile yangempela ukuhlinzwa, welashwa ngemisebe nangamakhemikhali. Esimweni sokuqala isiguli ngokuphelele noma ingxenye emphinjeni ekhishiwe. Lokhu luncike indlela evamile yinqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlala zamanzi isuswe izingxenye ka Ukudlulela ukubukeka. Nokho, le ndlela yokwelashwa ingase contraindicated kwezinye iziguli (isibonelo, isifo senhliziyo noma ukuphazamiseka zokuphefumula uhlelo imisebenzi).

ukwelashwa ngemisebe - indlela kuphela engasetshenziswa ukwelapha iningi abanomdlavuza ngomphimbo (40% amacala kungasiza ukuqeda ukubonakaliswa okukhulu emitholampilo ye isifo). Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa is ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ifomu ongaphakeme-ebangeni umdlavuza.

Kukhona ukwelashwa lapho ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe nomthelela ukuphinda zendawo kunciphisa isimila ukukhula.

izimila ingozi

Phakathi izimila ingozi e emphinjeni zihlanganisa izimila EPITHELIAL futhi okungezona EPITHELIAL. Lesi isifo sasivumela ezingavamile, futhi sici yabo kuyinkambo kancane lesi sifo kanye nokuntuleka izimpawu ezinamandla.

Njengomthetho, lezi izimila ukuthuthukisa ogangeni emphinjeni futhi ngezinye izikhathi awela mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi. Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabo kukhona leiomyoma, futhi endaweni yesibili kukhona neoplasms fibrosis.

Izimpawu labalulekile eluLwimi khona izimila benign liyakhula kancane dysphagia, futhi (phakathi ukuthuthukiswa polyp) lokujabulela kokuba nomzimba angaphandle, elibangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Eziningi zalezi izimila bathola ngengozi ngesikhathi luhlolo radiology.

Njengabaningi isifo ngomphimbo, ekwelapheni izimila ingozi encishisiwe ukususwa kwabo kuhlinzwa, ukuze ligweme izinkinga ezingase zivele ezihlobene isimila ukukhula. Ngokuvamile, ukususwa senzeka ngaphandle umonakalo mucosa ngomphimbo futhi Izibikezelo evumayo.

Mallory-Weiss syndrome

Lapho isifo emphinjeni nezinkinga zesisu ngokuvamile azibonakali nokuhlanza noma gagging wakhe. Ngezinye izikhathi isiguli ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ikhefu ulwelwesi lwamafinyila of kwalapho ngomphimbo-esiswini. Lokhu zokugula kwezokwelapha ibizwa ngokuthi syndrome Mallory-Weiss.

Njengomthetho, ke siwukubonakaliswa sebuhlungwini obunzima esifubeni, futhi igazi ebuhlanzweni livela. Nakuba iningi izisulu ukopha eyeka kwayona, isiguli kumele esibhedlela ngokushesha ukugwema eziyingozi.

Njengoba inoculated ekwelapheni Syndrome esetshenziswa vasoconstrictors, futhi, uma kunesidingo, electrocoagulation.

Kombungu we kuqhoqhoqho

Ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo ka amalaka kanye kuqhoqhoqho ezihlobene ngokuqondile kwezinso ekuthuthukiseni wale mithandazo - kuya nokungathuthuki ka ezakheke, usayizi noma isikhundla okungalungile.

Ngokuvamile, zokugula enjalo ebonakaliswa ukuvaleka emphinjeni, khona azalwa naso tracheal fistulae ngomphimbo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kube kungekho ingqikithi umzimba ezichazwe. Ngeshwa, ukuthuthukiswa zokugula ngomphimbo kungaba lahlwa ngisho usana yendlala, ngakho ukuhlinzwa liyadingeka balahle kubo.