Neutropenia - kuyini? Izimbangela, ukwelashwa

Neutropenia - kuyini? Lokhu kuncipha egazi ekhethekile igazi abavuthiwe umnkantsha. ezingeni Unciphise neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) likhombisa izinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wethu. Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ukuvikela ngokumelene namagciwane abangela izifo nama-virus. Phezu kokuthola neutrophil ekusakazeni igazi umsebenzi wabo ukubhubhisa ejenti angaphandle. Ngezinye amanani esincishisiwe lezi omzimba wethu sesibuthakathaka futhi ayikwazi ukulwa ekulweni nezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Indlela ukuhlonza ayisibalo samasosha omzimba amhlophe?

Izinga salezi zici kuyahlukahluka ngaphakathi anhlobonhlobo. Ngo abantu abayimiqemane, plasma likhona kusukela ngo-1500 kuya 7000 neutrophil. Kobukhulu isifo kuncike inani eliphelele-ANC:

- sibi - ngaphakathi 1500 amaseli;

- ngokulinganisela - 500-1000 amaseli / ml;

- esindayo - ngaphansi kuka-500.

Ingabe ukugqoka sikhashana esifushane neutropenia (onjani isimo, kwachazwa ekuqaleni), ikakhulukazi uma kunokudla izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane. Ngemva ukwelashwa, inombolo esimweni sayo ngokuphelele. Nokho, uma lesi sifo waphawula esingaphezu kwesonto ke kukhona ingozi yokuba isifo negazi izifo (namathansela, izifo umgudu wokuphefumula). Khumbula ukuthi izimpawu zomkhuhlane isikhathi eside kufanele ukukuxwayisa bese pass ukuhlolwa. isigaba Sinzima yezinkinga eziyingozi.

Neutropenia: izimbangela

Enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane. indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo play ukuvuvukala, amakhemikhali amavithamini, umnkantsha ukulimala, anaemia aplastic, futhi engayitholi isikhathi eside izidakamizwa. Isibalo amangqamuzana amhlophe incipha ekwakhiweni yabo nokubhujiswa azinakwa noma njalo leukocyte ekusakazeni igazi.

izinhlobo neutropenia

Isici ifomu febrile zalo osheshayo kanye nenqubekelaphambili. Amagciwane engena phakathi umzimba buthaka, yasheshe, okuholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Eyesibili sici - the paucity zezibonakaliso emtholampilo. Isibonakaliso kuphela ukutheleleka kungenziwa lokushisa lenyuka.

Isizathu sokuba ifomu eyindilinga zokugula odokotela ziye ungakabi siyachazwa. Kodwa kwande neutropenia anjalo izingane ezisencane nasebekhulile. Ifomu lwesithathu ibizwa ngokuthi "sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba" kwenzeka ngenxa amalungiselelo antituberculous futhi lisho "Analgin". Kubonakala dermatomyositis, i-rheumatoid arthritis kanye izifo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba.

ifomu ngalinye has zako siqu ukuthi bayakufanelekela ukulalelisisa. Ngokuvamile uphethwe kwenzeka kanyekanye lymphocytosis futhi neutropenia - livela pathologies ka autonomic nervous system kanye somoya bronchial.

imphawu letibalulekile

Ngezimpawu zesifo ungenalo iphethini abahlukene, ngakho odokotela bathi mayelana nezici emitholampilo kuhlotshaniswa ukutheleleka ekhona, eyabonakala ku isizinda neutropenia. Umonakalo obangelwa kanye nohlobo isifo incike ukuma. uhlobo Febrile e isiguli kungekho sizathu esibonakalayo, imfiva (ngenhla 38 ° ^C), ephelezelwa ubuthakathaka, Ukugodola, hypotension, tachycardia, futhi kuthi izithukuthuku. Uhlaziyo ayisibalo samasosha omzimba amhlophe ezingekho ngaphezulu kuka-500, ngakho-umthombo ukutheleleka kunzima ukuthola.

Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuthi lolu hlobo ngokuvamile livela kubantu nomdlavuza. ifomu lokujikeleza livezwa ngangibuye ngihluleke. Isiguli ekhononda ka ikhanda, imfiva, umphimbo obuhlungu, nesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga. Ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ulceration phezu mucosa we ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo. In the ukungabikho yokwelapha eba tartar kamuva kuholela kwamazinyo. neutropenia sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba ebungozini omdala sengozini yokuthola izifo. Kuleli fomu kukhona ukudakwa ezinzima, fungal njalo futhi izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, imfiva, lesion mucosal.

Yiziphi izimpawu neutropenia ezinganeni?

Izinsana nezifo webele kunzima ukuba baphathe, njengoba yabo izivikeli mzimba okwamanje athuthukile ngokwanele. Izingane abaphethwe yilesi sifo, kungase kube i-pneumonia, stomatitis kanye gingivitis. It kuvela neutropenia angesabi kungavamile ukuba ingozi, oluba ngonyaka wokuqala nowesibili zokuphila.

Ngokuvamile kuba asymptomatic, ngaphandle okubangela ukukhathazeka. agranulocytosis Heavy noma mzimba kuthinta izingane ezindala. Kubonisa imfiva, Ukugodola nomkhuhlane. Kunzima ukunikela therapy. Ngezinye ukwelashwa kwesikhathi of Izibikezelo abampofu.

ukuhlola

Ukuxilongwa lesi sifo ngokudipha amaphuzu amabili yakhiwa:

- Ukuthunyelwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo. Ngezinye izikhathi kudinga biopsy (ihlule) nomnkantsha ukuhlolwa kwamathambo i-HIV.

- Visual wokuhlola isiguli - palpation esiswini futhi zamanzi.

izindlela yokwelapha

Ngokuvamile (zibe nzima ngokukhethekile) neutropenia iphathwa esibhedlela. Kuyini lokhu isimo, masikhumbule. Lokhu Ukwehla okungavamile egazi amhlophe (leukocyte) emzimbeni (buthakathaka amasosha omzimba, ukuthuthukisa ngamagciwane okunzima). Siza ukubhekana nalesi sifo kuphela elwa namagciwane. Bamiswa ngaphambi kokumiswa kwasendaweni ngqo kokugqashuka isifo. Isignali ngokuba lokhu kuyintando lokushisa eliphezulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwehlisa ezimhlophe iseli nezici ukukhula zisetshenziselwa kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Uma lesi sifo lihlotshaniswa ukuphendula sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba noma umzimba uxabane nawo, ngemva kwalokho wamiswa hormone. Endabeni udokotela ubende lakhulisiwe zingase zikhalele kususwe ukuze andise inani neutrophil.

Immunosuppressants ngaso sonke isikhathi nethonya elihle zokwelapha igazi aplastic. Isixazululo kuphela umnkantsha transplantation. Lona umsebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, okudinga nokuvuselelwa eside ngaphansi kokuqondisa esiqinile ongoti. Yiqiniso, kunezinzuzo zako kanye nemiphumela engemihle.

Indlela ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo?

Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa inqubo sokugembula uma nithatha izidakamizwa elwa namagciwane, kufanele bagcine imithetho elandelayo:

- Ukwenziwa (ezithile zonyaka) umkhuhlane shot;

- kunethemba elincane ezindaweni ne lokuhlala ezinkulu zabantu;

- ukuqapha isandla inhlanzeko kanye nezindlu;

- udle thermally kusetshenzwe inyama, amaqanda, izinhlanzi.

Khumbula, lokhu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi kufanele baphathwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa nochwepheshe wezokwelapha. Ingabe ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ukusekela izivikeli mzimba, njengoba neutropenia hhayi sawohloka (ukuthi iyini nokuthi kanjani lesi sifo, bheka isithombe esingenhla).

Indlela yokulawula lesi sifo?

Njalo ngemva HTP (Ukwelashwa elwa namagciwane) kubalulekile ukuthatha ukuhlolwa igazi for ezingeni futhi isibalo leukocyte-ANC. Namuhla, nezikhungo zezokwelapha ukubala idatha esetshenziswa amasu esimanje ukuze uthole ngokushesha imiphumela.