Nethempeli sebethule Robe e Leonov. Sebethule Robe Temple ku Don

Yonke imisebenzi kwezamasiko kanye nezemfundo ukubandakanya ngempela ekutadisheni ezikhumbuzo bokwakha lasendulo. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba nokwenziwa isiko bomdabu kanye ukugxilisa izindinganiso ezingokomoya. Kodwa izakhiwo zesonto-ithempeli - isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele ngokuphelele. Abakwazi kubhekwe njengoba ifa yezakhiwo, ft amakhosi Russian njengoba umlando abefundisi Yiqiniso, njengoba abode engcwele. Namuhla sikhuluma sebethule ibandla labaseTheselonika Robe e Leonov noDon. Izindaba abazixoxayo athé efanayo, kodwa noma kunjalo, bobabili beza ukuhlonipha inkumbulo mcimbi oyindumezulu.

indaba

khona Its has ekhulwini kuqala. It is isonto sebethule Robe owaziwayo Leonov Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu XVII. Amanothi yokuqala mayelana zisasebenza namanje isikhathi ngaphambili, ngo-1635, lapho le ndawo kwaba isonto lokhuni. Ukwakhiwa esontweni zamatshe, liyalondolozwa futhi isebenza kuze kube yilolu suku, kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokubusa ePrince Khovanskii.

Kwaba isenzo sakhe sokuphenduka umlutha wotshwala futhi ukwephulwa imithetho isonto. Ngemva yavalwa kokufa Prince isonto sebethule Robe e Leonov ngesikhathi eside kungabi nguwe wasebenza (ku-1800 kuya 1859). Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi isikhulu esisha liphazamisa umsindo izinsimbi. Ngaphambi ukuyivula libuyiselwe ngezithukuthuku nomkhiqizi Molchanov. kwamaSoviet, yathola kuqhathaniswa ethule, engu-12 kuphela (kusuka 1930 kuya 1942) sivaliwe, lonke isikhathi wasebenza. Kusukela 1859 isonto alizange ngaphansi ekwakhiweni kanye wokwakha, ngakho wafika izikhathi zethu.

izakhiwo

Sebethule Robe e Leonov ithempeli elakhiwa ngo isitayela Baroque, lolo ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyelwa yayidumile kakhulu. Esikhundleni izimo ezilula weJiyomethri isonto lokhuni weza frilly, mbumbulu zikanhlangothiningi futhi ingaphakathi aluhlaza. Ngisho nanamuhla, ethempelini ubukeka amahle kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo. Ukungena shrine kuyinto emhlophe itshe lwaleli ngezicabha latticed. Ngaphakathi kukhona square ethokomele kancane, okuyinto enhle ikakhulukazi ekwindla. Ezindongeni elingaphakathi lethempeli kungabonwa zaveza amalungiselelo ingubo Our Lady of Blachernae. Yonke indawo izungezwe izihlahla eziluhlaza, lula kangaka ukuba awuthathe izithombe sebethule uyithempeli likaMoya Robe e Leonov. Izithombe ukwenza kahle, okungukuthi, abonise ngokugcwele ubuhle isonto, kuphela ekupheleni kwekwindla, lapho amahlamvu uye zafinyelela. Ebusika, izindonga ezimhlophe uhlangane ne ngemuva, kancane yona umbono.

izinsalela liyahlonishwa futhi amathempelana

Kwabangamakholwa kuba izithonjana isihloko ezihlonishwayo futhi ikhulekela kuzo. Kukhona imidwebo eziningana ubudala, okuyizinto wokwenama ethile. Kuyinto ba labo abakhazimulisa sebethule isonto Leonovsky we Robe. Esikhathini yezinto eyinhloko esontweni, kuya ngakwesokudla altare lihlonishwa isithonjana ethempelini izinhlinzeko zoMthetho wamaZinga ibhatshi lonke le-Virgin oNgcwele nezinhlayiya we Robe we uNina kaNkulunkulu. Ngakwesokudla kuyinto isithonjana St uSergiyu ka Radonezh, St Dmitriya Rostovskogo, isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu Kazan.

Usuke ngo-altare has a isithonjana ohlonishwayo we Smolensk uNina kaNkulunkulu, obuhlehlela kusukela ngekhulu XVI. Zonke ethempelini, zikhona imifanekiso ezingaphezu kuka-50. Nsuku zonke, amakhulu amakholwa ukuza lapha ukukhulisa imithandazo yabo eNkosini.

amathempelana

Sebethule Robe the Virgin ethempelini Leonovo inenani ekhethekile. Lokhu encolpion, lapho sebuningini izinhlayiya ngokufanele abangcwele. Lona esontweni main yokuziqhenya futhi into yokukhulekela wabangcwele. Itholakala ohlangothini lokunene emaphaseji emaphakathi, lonke ibandla nethuba bakhulekele izinsalela. Mayelana namandla lwabo oluyisimangaliso ziyaphawuleka, kodwa ungakwazi uzibonele ukuthi lokhu kuyiqiniso.

Sebethule Robe Temple ku Don

Indaba yakhe iyafana kakhulu kulowo ophikisene wahlala umfowabo. Isiphetho amasonto eRussia kuyenzeka ihlangane. Ngo 1625, i-Shah yasePheresiya wanika Russian Tsar futhi uMbhishobhi Omkhulu Filaret omunye izingxenye ezine yejazi kaKristu. Ngokusho yetinsita kule ngemvunulo Kristu waya endaweni ngokubulawa. It wayiswa ezibiyele sika Assumption Cathedral, kodwa endaweni emihlangano omkhulu esontweni lokhuni lakhiwa. Ukwakha kwaphothulwa ngo 1690. Kodwa kakade 1713 kwakukhona iphrojekthi yokwakhiwa esontweni itshe, futhi kusayithi zezakhiwo ezindala wamisa ethempelini phezu Don sebethule Robe. , Wengamela ukwakhiwa umakhi eMoscow J. Bukhvostau.

Yini okuyinto eyivela kancane kuleli ethempelini

Kunzima ukusho ukuthi iyafana nabanye. lokuzalwa kwawo kuye kwaba isimangaliso. Ngaleso sikhathi, itshe izakhiwo uvinjelwe kusukela impahla edingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe (noma kunalokho, umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha) Petersburg. Noma kunjalo, ngo 1716 kwi Don Street eMoscow kwakukhona ithempeli elihle ngokumangalisayo, yakhelwe isitayela of baraque eMoscow. Ivelele kusuka bonke abanye babantu besikhathi sakhe izahluko ezinhlanu kwesitsha ezilinganiselwe, elisophahleni esiphelele. cross Central lwaluba umqhele, inguqulo esiqondile imibono lapho. Leli thempeli ayivaliwe ngisho nakanye kusukela wokuvula yayo. Kuze kube namuhla, kukhona amasevisi.

Lokuhlela Kabusha nokwenza umsebenzi wokuvuselela izakhiwo

Sebethule Robe Temple Shabolovka isinqumo ukwelekelela lokuqala ngo-1880. Kuye kusukela Refectory Yakhiwa yesonto St uJakobe indodana ka-Alfewu, okuyinto lanikezelwa ngo-1889. Le phrojekthi yakhiwa futhi iqondiswa ukwakhiwa A. wezakhiwo eMoscow S. Kaminský. Ngaphansi kwesandla sakhe, ukuthi lwenziwe Yihhovisi kocingo amasango futhi unamathisele yesonto enyakatho.

Ukwakha lokuqala kwakudingeka ngo-1923. isiphepho Namandla wathela ikhanda ezimbili zesonto, kodwa isonto manje akayekile umsebenzi walo. Bona kweso abuyiselwe, ekubuyiseleni ngokugcwele umqondo yokuqala umakhi. Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwengu-300 bengaphumuli lapha ukugubha izinkonzo zaphezulu, abayeki kuyo nenkathi yamaSoviet, ngaphandle ukuthi wayekhonza avaliwe ngaphezulu, futhi ithempeli alizange aminyene. Nethempeli sebethule Robe eMoscow has ungubani siqu. Ngemva Shah Persian ngikweluleke wamnikela Reese, ekhalendeni isonto, umkhosi omusha yokudumisa "Imithetho ye-Robe weNkosi uJesu Kristu eMoscow." Le iholidi uphawula kuphela Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia. Kepha leli thempeli, luyisici esisemqoka kuleyo migubho.

Ukuziphatha okubalulekile yesonto

Ngaphandle izinhlayiya Robe iNkosi ethempelini stem-shrine lapha igcinwe isithonjana eziwusizo kakhulu. Kuyinto isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu Elias-Chernigov. It kwakunikelwa ngendawo ethempelini abazalwane lezindela Chernigov. Lona ngumfanekiso esiyingqayizivele, obuhlehlela kusukela ngonyaka 1696. Eduze ebusweni the Virgin kukhombisa ukhozi double ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye izinkondlo Ukuqalwa Peter mina - ngakolunye. Lokhu liyakhuluma ngokuphela uzowanqoba-Turks and ukuthunjwa Azov. Analogue of isithombe esinjalo Our Lady, njengoba kule imidwebo, kukhona kwenye emhlabeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulapha lapho ethembekileyo singathandazela mayelana esiyingqayizivele shrine alanoyskoy imifanekiso "Isikhundla Robe leNkosi eMoscow" nge cross isiliva nezinhlayiya Riza. Labo abadinga usizo nokwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe umfanekiso triptych nge izinsalela Bomphostoli uJakobe indodana ka-Alfewu, nabanye osanta eziningi. Lesi sithombe ubhekwa enamandla kakhulu, futhi uma uza ne zombi-, uqiniseka uthole usizo oludingekayo. Lapha zinemiphumela izingane ezincane okuphulukisa noma ukuvikela ezifweni.

Esinye isithonjana ongcwele, okuyilona elidingekayo ukuze dwebela - kuyinto isithonjana uNina kaNkulunkulu "ababhubhayo". Kuleli zwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi kusobala ukuthi wayenomuzwa lapho ushiya umbundu sethempeli, isikhathi kubambezela, kuyize uyaphuma nokuqonda lokho siya ngokusebenzisa uhambo lwethu emhlabeni. Mhlawumbe kungenxa lokhu kufanele eze emathempelini basendulo, ngakho lapha namolennaya, umkhathi esinokuthula zonke isivakashi uzohamba, uzizwa izinguquko ngokwakho.

Amabili ethempeli zinkulu, kodwa okushiwo kuyinto - uSmakade ukuthi awunika ezweni Russian of izembatho Kristu, lapho waya Calvary. Lena shrine enkulu yeLobukholwa. Namuhla, izindonga zezindela bayahamba emakhulwini amakholwa, efana emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka edlule, bekhulumisana eNkosini.