Myelogenous wegazi - kuyini? Okungalapheki wegazi myeloid: Izimbangela, ukwelashwa, onalesi sifo

Ukuthuthukiswa inqubo isimila nge unyaka ngamunye buthola umfutho. Iningi ososayensi emhlabeni basafunda izici kungenzeka isimo futhi izindlela eziyisisekelo yokwelapha ukwelapha iziguli okusigwema wahlanganyela zonke izinhlobo izibhedlela. Ukuthuthukiswa inqubo isimila kungathinta kabi noma isiphi isitho noma isimiso emzimbeni. Myelogenous wegazi - kuyini? Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu lesi sifo, izindlela ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kuchaziwe ngezansi.

imiqondo Jikelele

uhlelo hematopoietic kusekelwe nokuvuthwa amangqamuzana amasha - platelet, amangqamuzana abomvu zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi umnkantsha. In parallel nalokhu inqubo, kukhona ukubhujiswa ubudala amaseli isibindi ubende.

Kwakheka izakhi igazi kakhulu ngendlela, ne-plasma. Kulokhu, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke amanye ama-akhawunti we-white egazi - amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi. Bazi ukuthi banesibophezelo ukusabela komzimba ukuze umthelela ejenti angaphandle kanye compounds, bese uvumele ukulondoloza isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezingeni elifanele.

ukuthuthukiswa engalawuliwe inombolo enkulu amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngokuthi myeloid wegazi. Lesi sifo isimila, okuyinto kuhambisana nokwenyuka ezibucayi esegazini beya amafomu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kukhona ukusabalala izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo lamaseli zonke izinhlaka futhi izinhlelo yomzimba kubangela ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

causation yesifo

Kulesi sigaba izici ocacile okuholela ukuthuthukiswa sifo ungazange inqunyelwe. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningana isimo sokugembula:

1. Ukubukeka ukufaniswa normal - yinqubo ukuthuthukiswa izinguquko sokugembula e isakhiwo se-stem cell. A kuguquka, phakathi kwesikhathi lapho amaseli musa kuphela ukuthola izinguquko ngokwabo, kodwa futhi badlulisele kubo ngezinye izinhlaka, ukudala ukufaniswa kwakhe. Lesi simo iphathwa nge Yiqiniso izidakamizwa cytotoxic akunakwenzeka.
2. Nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali.
3. Isenzo emisebeni emzimbeni, okuyinto eyenzeka hhayi kuphela isidingo lochwepheshe. Ngokwesibonelo, usebenzisa umlando radiotherapy ukwelapha ezinye izimila.
4. Reception nezidakamizwa chemotherapeutic cytostatic ekwelapheni izimila nezinye izitho zingaba inhlamvu sokuthuthukiswa wegazi myeloid.
5. nezifo ngenxa yezakhi zofuzo, ufuzo.
6. Izifo nge genesis ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakala isimila ezithinta ubulili, ubudala isiguli kanye nemiphumela njalo yokuchayeka emisebeni ye endaweni eziphilayo.

Ifomu ezingamahlalakhona lesi sifo

Ukubonakaliswa izimpawu isimila inqubo igazi incike kundlela lesi sifo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu i - ezingamahlalakhona wegazi myeloid. Lesi simo has a uhlamvu ebulalayo.

Okungalapheki myelogenous wegazi - kuyini? Kuyinto isimo ukuthi kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi emzimbeni kukhona isakhi sofuzo normal esithinta egazi. Beka kwasendaweni isakhi sofuzo - umnkantsha. Njengoba egazini ukusakazeka kwe amaseli sokugembula kuzo zonke izitho.

Lesi sifo ine isiqalo oyingozi futhi egqamile isithombe emtholampilo. It libhekene ukugeleza kancane. Ingozi iba ukuthi lolu hlobo sifo angase ukuthuthukela isigaba acute nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, lapho kungaba yingozi ukuze isiguli.

wegazi Myeloid has izigaba eziningana ukuthuthukiswa:

• ezingamahlalakhona;
• ukusheshisa esiteji;
• ekupheleni esiteji.

Isigaba sokuqala sale ifomu okungamahlalakhona

Iziguli eziningi uxilongwe ke kulesi sigaba. Ukuqala Kwenkathi sifo ayikwazi ukucaciswa ngokunembile ngoba izimpawu asymptomatic noma omnene. Okokuqala kubonakala ukukhathala, ukusinda esiswini noma ngakwesobunxele quadrant engenhla, iphika.

Phakathi nesidlo, iziguli esekhala umuzwa ukugcwala e-epigastrium. Palpable uzizwa ubende lakhulisiwe. Examination ephelezelwa emizweni amabi, kusukela ubende okukhulunywa emuva. Ekuhlaziyeni igazi kunqunywa leukocytosis, okwandisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanye thrombocytosis kanye nokwenyuka kwenani granulocytes.

Ngokuvamile iziguli ukuya kudokotela kakhulu ekuthuthukeni ubende esivimba amanzi. Ivela ubuhlungu obuhlabayo e kwelivi yayo, izimpawu zokudakwa, izinga lokushisa emzimbeni liphuma khona.

ukusheshisa esiteji

Kulesi sinyathelo cishe akukho ukubonakaliswa isifo. Isiguli sinelungelo asikhali ngalutho, ngaphandle gqwa lokushisa kuphakame subfebrile ukusebenza futhi babekhathele kakhulu. ezingeni Myelocytes liyaqhubeka landa e white cell segazi.

basophils ezingeni sanda ngengxenye yesithathu. Ngemva kwalokho, isiguli siqala abaphazamisa imfudumalo futhi sifisa ukuba ekuqaleni. Lokhu kungenxa umkhiqizo wawanda ka histamine.

isigaba olunamandla (ukugcina)

Ukuthuthukiswa esigabeni sesithathu uchaza isithombe emtholampilo ofanayo ukuze Yiqiniso acute lesi sifo. Okungalapheki wegazi myelogenous sichubeka livela elikhanyayo isithombe emtholampilo. Iziguli esekhala lezi zimpawu:

• ubuthakathaka ezinzima;
• imfiva;
• ubuhlungu bamalunga;
• ukwehla elibukhali isisindo lesiguli.

Ukuhlola nesineke angathola ukwanda kwamaqembu ezihlukahlukene lymph node, isibindi, ubende, ukuthuthukiswa a syndrome oluhambisana. Blast crisis - esigabeni sokugcina lesi sifo, okuyinto libhekene ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ezilandelayo:

• lymph noma myeloblasts iba ezinkudlwana ngama-20% e-umnkantsha ithambo noma egazini;
• Omnkantsha biopsy inquma iqembu elikhulu ukuqhuma;
• ukuthuthukiswa Sarcoma myeloid - isimila esibulalayo of beya amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi.

Ngalesi nesigaba lesi sifo ukuphila lesiguli lithembela ngokuphelele ezingeni ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisa.

Acute Myeloid Wegazi

Isithombe emitholampilo okhula ngokushesha, it has izimpawu ezicacile lesi sifo. umphumela kungenzeka okungekuhle kakade emva kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle aphoyintimenti yokwelapha ezanele.

Acute myeloid wegazi - kuyini? Le nqubo isimila esibulalayo of myeloid igazi lwegciwane. amaseli onesifo abakwazi ukumelana nezifo, nakuba umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko. Ngo parallel nokwanda kuqhuma izakhiwo kunciphisa asele egazi.

Erythropenia kanye nokuntuleka-hemoglobin avele isikhumba ugodo, iphika, ukukhathala. Ukunciphisa inani zegazi kwandisa propensity umonakalo isikhumba, kukhuphuke ukopha, ukubukeka petechiae futhi hematomas.

Izimpawu zokuqala azicacile. Kulula kakhulu ukudida nabo izenzo izifo zokuphefumula ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, acute myelogenous wegazi inchubekelembili kuhambisana ubuhlungu amathambo namalunga.

izinyathelo zokuxilonga

Impumelelo isiqalo ukwelashwa incike ijubane Ihlahlubo uphethwe yini. Ukuze sithole isimo jikelele isiguli kanye nesigaba lesi sifo, lapho izinsolo wegazi myeloid, ukuhlolwa lwenziwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuhlaziya igazi efakwe neuropathy - ezingeni elimisiwe wonke amaseli igazi the Dynamics.
2. Biochemistry wegazi kubonisa ukuhlukumeza kwesibindi kanye ubende, okuyinto zibangelwa ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo.
3. Omnkantsha aspirate biopsies wenziwa emva iqoqo kunawo wonke impahla edingekayo. Kunqunywa khona amafomu kuqhuma.
4. Hybridization ukucacisa kuguquka noma chromosome ongaphilile.
5. PCR kuhloswe ekukhombeni isakhi sofuzo ongaphilile.
6. ukuhlaziywa Cytogenetic zihlose ukuthola chromosome okungavamile amaseli leukemic.
7. Uma kudingeka kwenziwe computed tomography,-magnetic resonance imaging futhi ultrasonography.

Izimiso yokwelashwa isifo

wegazi Myeloid kudinga Ukuqalwa ngokushesha ukwelashwa. Oncologist icacisa isikimu okwelashwa, esekelwe nesigaba lesi sifo, izimpawu zaso. Ngendlela efanele usaqala inikezwa uvithamini Ukudla, izidakamizwa okubuyisela.

ukuphathwa myeloid wegazi esekelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa uyakwazi ezicindezelayo nomthelela oncogene. ezimpahleni ezingasuki phansi:

• "Imatinib" - izindlela kuvimbela umsebenzi amaprotheni, okuyinto kuveza myeloid wegazi oncogene;
• "Dasatinib" - umuthi esetshenziswa uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka noma nokungababekezeleli nesineke "Imatinib";
• "Nilotinib" - kusho nomphumela ofanayo, ezihlobene isizukulwane sesibili oncogenic inhibitor;
• "Ponatinib" - omunye imikhiqizo emisha, oqinile ukusebenza yabo ngokumelene kwamabhomu, kodwa kungabangela eziyingozi on the ingxenye nesineke.

reception "Interferon" njengoba iziguli eyabelwe ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Umuthi akakwazi ukubhekana nalesi sifo, kodwa isetshenziswa ekwelapheni umjovo ongama nsuku zonke.

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ejenti cytostatic. Le ngxenye yokwelapha sisetshenziswe njengesigungu sokufaka ukwelashwa ezengeziwe ukufakelwa of umnkantsha amaseli. Ngempumelelo kubhekwe "Hydroxycarbamide", "busulfan", "Vinblastine", "Vincristine", "Cytarabine."

Ngemisebe in Oncology Kwenziwa usebenzisa imisebe ephezulu amandla, kanye izinhlayiya. It isicelo ngamunye, kuye ngokwesidingo. Lapho myeloid yokwelapha wegazi emisebeni isetshenziselwa ukwehlisa ubuhlungu amathambo namalunga. Futhi ngemisebe in Oncology uhlelo hematopoietic isetshenziswa ngaphambi umnkantsha transplantation.

Ukufakelwa of umnkantsha amaseli

Ukuhlinzwa indlela lalivamile ukwelashwa, kodwa ezibizayo. Akuwona wonke nesineke uyakwazi okukwenza. Kashirka Oncology Centre - omunye izikhungo edume kunazo yokwelapha isimila - liphetheni ukuhlinza ezinjalo, ekusizeni okuphulukisa iziguli zabo.

Ukufakelwa of umnkantsha, manje selisetshenziswa kancane njalo, njengoba ukufakelwa of stem cells ukuthi ithathwe eBhayibhelini igazi neuropathy. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukeneyo inqubo:

1. Ukusebenzisa amaseli hematopoietic e umnkantsha abanikelayo. Lokhu kungaba umuntu kusukela emndenini, ngoba nzima ukuthola donor efanelekayo, okuyinto ngeke kube isihlobo yesiguli sami esithile.
2. Ukufakelwa amaseli neuropathy. Le nqubo nzima yokuthi kanye amaseli enempilo kungaba zisuswe futhi kuqhuma.

Oncocenter Kashirka hhayi kuphela lucwaningo izinqubo zokuhlinza, okwasisiza ukuba sehlise ukushona nesineke, kodwa usebenzisa yezindlela zesimanje ablation ezishisayo, kriotermoablatsii nokuhlinzwa radiowave.

isiphetho

Kulesi sihloko elithi "wegazi myelogenous" sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi. Kuyini, manje wazi. A umphumela omuhle kungenzeka uma uze uwaqede nokwelashwa izigaba sokuqala lesi sifo. isigaba Terminal kuhilela yokwelapha kuphela okuthuthukisa. isigaba Late futhi esibulalayo esokufa iziguli.