Mutism ezokuziKhethela: definition, izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa

mutism ezokuziKhethela - a zokugula lapho yezizathu ezihlukahlukene ingane enqaba ukukhuluma. Uma sekutholakele ukuthi sine- ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, bese kukhona amathuba okusezingeni eliphezulu for ukululama ngokugcwele nesineke. Lesi sifo ubhekwa zezinzwa.

Siyini isifo?

mutism ezokuziKhethela - isifo eyinqaba, esibonakala by inkulumo nendaba ebhalwe phansi, ukuthuthukiswa kahle engqondweni. Ingane hhayi fixate ngokwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhungo inkulumo ebuchosheni, hhayi ngendlela levakalako lilimele.

ingane egulayo nje engafuni ukuxhumana ubani, ke engayinaki unemibuzo ziqondiswe kuye. Nokho, uma ungenawo unake ngokwanele zokugula, kungaba bubé. Kulokhu, kuchutjekwe neluhlelo lwekwenta komphakathi kwezingane emphakathini siyabhubha.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphambuka ngokwengqondo enjalo sitholakale abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-3 kuya ku-9. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lolu hlobo dumbness kubonakala ngaso sonke isikhathi, konke kuncike isimo. mutism ezokuziKhethela esizithinta ngayo izingane ebucayi kakhulu futhi abasengozini.

Ukuxilongwa lesi sifo kufanele kube umehluko. Uma kungenjalo, kungenzeka ingane isibaluli ukugula kakhulu engqondweni futhi zibeka impatho embi ngokuphelele.

Izici ukuthuthukisa lesi sifo

mutism okukhethwayo anezinye umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama:

1. I angahlangani ezivamile sitholakale amantombazane.
2. Labo abasengozini bahlanganisa labangakhoni abe Umlando womkhaya wokusebenzisa kabi izinkinga omdala zokukhuluma.
3. Kubonakala sifo ezimweni eziningi kulezo imindeni lapho isimo okungekuhle.
4. Cishe zonke iziguli izingane zokugula-cerebral palsy.
5. Ukwephulwa sobuso, motor amakhono nokuziphatha bengekho.
6. Ezimweni eziningi, ingane sitholakale mutism zikhethe. Okungukuthi, ukuziphatha lesiguli incike esimweni esithile.

Lezi zici ukuhlukanisa mutism ezinganeni ezivela kwezinye okuthile engqondweni.

Izimbangela zesifo

Kunezici ezihlukahlukene ezingase zibangele isimo sokugembula ezifana:

• Ukungakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye, ukuthola lulwimi ezivamile nabo.
• Ukuntula kwakhe ikhono wengane ngamazwi lamukele abakufisayo.
• Ingane ayinaso isikhala yayo yokuveza yemizwa edikibalisayo, ngakho nje uyayeka ukukhuluma.
• Izinkinga ukuhambisana.
• isimo ongakuthandi umndeni.
• ukulimala kobuchopho.
• yokucindezeleka okukhulu.
• Imibhalo yokuqala esigabeni of bayasangana noma Autism.
• neurosis akahlanye.
• ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngenxa yokwesaba, ukushonelwa othandekayo.
• Ukunganakwa abazali, ukungaboni ngaso linye emndenini.
• Ezinye nokugula ngengqondo: anda ukukhathazeka, tics of etiologies ehlukahlukene.
• Inkulumo ukungasebenzi ngendlela noma ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni.
• inkani banal.

Lezi zizathu kungabangela ezinye izifo. Nokho, ukunquma mutism yokuqokwa kumele kube ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze ukwelashwa yayiphumelela.

symptomatology zokugula

Ngaphezu kwalokho ingane ithule ithe cwaka, kunezinye izimpawu zesifo emelelwa:

1. ukunyamalala ongaphelele ucule, okungukuthi isiguli kancane bangaxhumana umbuthano labantu abancane, isibonelo, kuphela abazali.
2. ukucindezeleka njalo, ukukhathazeka anda.
3. Kunokwesabela ukuthi abe yokwesaba.
4. Enuresis.
5. ukwephulwa zokukhuluma.
6. Ezinye izinkinga ngobuhlakani.
7. Izinkinga inqubo lithathelwe emphakathini.
8. Ukwephula umsebenzi volitional lomuntu, esizibonakalisa yokuthi ingane sebekubeke enqaba ukukhuluma abantu abangekho ingxenye umbuthano wakhe kumngane.
9. Ukwesaba.
10. Ukuphazamiseka kokulala kanye nenhliziyo emnyama.

mutism zalolu abadala nentsha, livela nzima nakakhulu. Isithombe emitholampilo kulokhu wehlukile.

izinhlobonhlobo mutism

Faka kusigaba mutism kungaba ngezizathu ezahlukene:

1. isibonisi okujula:

• Okufushane (isimo).
• Permanent (okukhethekile).
• Ubude.

2. Ukuze isikhathi uhlamvu:

• Zesikhashana.
• Indlela.

3. Kuye ngokwengqondo ukuhlukumezeka ukuchayeka:

• Akahlanye. Wavusa shock kwengqondo okunamandla, ngenxa esiyihambayo nje kwasuswa. Leli fomu kwenzeka abadala kungathatha amasonto amaningana.
• Logofobichesky. mutism okunjalo zesikole okukhulu okuhambisana nazo. Kwenzeka ngenxa esibekele yokwesaba ukuzwa izwi labo siqu. Kubantu abadala, lolu hlobo zokugula cishe ingekho.
• Mixed.

Esikhathini zasenkulisa esikoleni ekuseni iminyaka ibonakala patoharakterologicheskie mutism. Isizathu esiyinhloko isimo esinjalo ukushintsha nendawo abayijwayele ingane. Kuyinto salabo abanezingane ezake zaba usondelene kakhulu kakhulu ekhaya, amahloni.

Kunenye ngezigaba zokugula:

• mutism ezokuziKhethela, okuyinto ukulungiswa ezimweni eziningi yimpumelelo. Ihlala eqinisweni lokuthi akuyona kuphela ezimweni ezithile.
• Akinetic. Kulokhu, ngaphezu inkulumo neziyaluyalu, samanje kanye nokunyakaza iziyaluyalu lesiguli.
• Apalichesky. Lona fomu nzima kakhulu lesi sifo, okuyinto sivezwe kula sokungabi nhlobo impendulo ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle.

ukuhlola Izici

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona ngokunembile isimo sokugembula ethulwa, kuzomele uvule kudokotela wengqondo ngiyofuna, owelapha yomtholampilo, inkulumo therapist wezinzwa. Lezi ochwepheshe hhayi kuphela ukubona izimpawu mutism kobuholi, kodwa futhi ukwazi ukwelapha ingane. Kodwa lapha kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uma kwenzeka ingane awukaqali ukukhuluma iminyaka emithathu, bese isimo esinjalo kungaba evamile kanye kumiswa izinqubo sengqondo zenzeka izingane ezahlukene ehlukile.

Ngaphezu ukuhlolwa kwengqondo, kungenzeka ochwepheshe banikezwe ingane lezo zinqubo:

1. Electrocardiogram.
2. Electroencephalography.
3. MR.
4. X-reyi yesifuba.

kuyinto zokugula kanjani?

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ekwelapheni mutism yokuqokwa ngosizo izidakamizwa kwenziwa kakhulu kuyaqabukela. Ngokuvamile, iziguli iqondiswa izidakamizwa ekhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezici-serotonin. Udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi enjalo: neuroleptics, nootropics, nemithi yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.

Empeleni, indlela engqondweni yethu yokwelapha yokuziphatha yakhelwe ukucacisa izimbangela esiqondile isimo sokugembula. Le ndlela yokwelapha ihilela lithathelwe ingane lesiguli eqenjini interlocutors beminyaka yobudala efanayo. Futhi kancane kancane kwandisa. Ekuqaleni, interlocutors ezimbili kuphela. Uma ingane uzama futhi mkhuba omuhle, kubalulekile ukuba ukhuthaze futhi ukukhuthaza ngazo zonke izindlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, mutism yokhetho izingane iphathwa ngosizo umndeni inkulumo yokwelapha. Lokho indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni abazali ukudlala ngokwabo. Kufanele ukhuthaze singalokothi sithintane ngamazwi ingane yabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane kubalulekile ukuzizwa lwabazali, ukusekela kwabo okungokomzwelo.

Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde imvelo encane nesineke. Uma eliyisimungulu okunjalo kubonakaliswa enkulisa noma esikoleni, othisha kulezi izikhungo kanye nontanga wengane kufanele senze kusengaphambili ngenxa isikimu yokwelapha.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le zokugula iphathwa hhayi kuphela ekhaya kodwa futhi esibhedlela. Indlela yesibili kuphela edingekayo uma enikeziwe luhlolo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma ukuhlinzwa.

Ukuze belaphe ingane, akukho zemithi pre-ukwelashwa. Lokho, esimweni ngasinye akhethiwe iqoqo izinqubo, okuyinto kuxhomeke ohlotsheni nobukhali isimo sokugembula.

Therapy, asetshenziselwa kutivocavoca, yokuzijwayeza yezokwelapha umzimba, imithi herbal, massage.

Izici ukuthuthukiswa sifo abadala

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugula ethulwa kungaba ukuzibonakalisa hhayi kuphela ezinganeni. Kukhona amacala ekuxilongweni mutism, ngisho abadala. Isizathu salokhu isimo sokugembula kuba ukulimala kobuchopho organic noma okuthile engqondweni okukhulu (ukushaqeka).

Abesilisa yilesi zokugula ngokuvamile njengoba abesifazane. Ngesikhathi ubulili bubuhle singenzeka mutism akahlanye. Iqiniso lokuthi abesifazane nozwela futhi ngokomzwelo. Sinenkosi nezici ezithile zemvelo ukuze impulsiveness ngokweqile.

yomzali

Ukuze ngokushesha unqobe isiguli zokugula kancane, kufanele asize abantu abadala. Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-mutism yokhetho izingane, abazali izincomo:

• akufanele ukhathalele mayelana izinyane noma uyawavala e yena nakakhulu.
• Kumele umsize ukukholelwa ngokwakhe nokuthi ubeke ingane uzokwazi ukusho uma uzolunga ngoba.
• Kufanele ukhuthaze njalo nenshisekelo omuhle ingane ukuxhumana nabanye abantu, ontanga yabo.
• Abazali akufanele libonise ukumangala lapho umntwana waqala ukukhuluma kuqala, bese kumisiwe.
• Kunoma yikuphi, abantu abadala kufanele ubonise ingane uthando, ukunakwa nokusekelwa. Yiqiniso, abazali kudingeka babe nesineke. Uma kungenjalo, yonke imizamo Ochwepheshe kungenziwa mitigated. Omunye zokungacabangi ongabhubhisa izinyanga yomzamo.

Inqubo kwelashwa abakwazi ukuzila ukudla, kodwa basheshe noma kunjalo engenakwenzeka.

zokugula umhlahlo

mutism zalolu izingane has ezimweni eziningi umbono oqondile ngezinto. Kodwa kukhona caveat: zonke kuyoba kuhle uma izimpawu disorder zinyamalale ungakapheli nonyaka ngemuva ukubonakala.

Kungenjalo, ukuthula kungaba umkhuba futhi kuyoba ingxenye ukuthuthukiswa ubuntu. Okungukuthi, lesi sifo angase ahlale nengane ngisho nangemva ekhula. Yilokho zonke izici yalesi sifo. Hlala uphilile!