Motorcycle PMZ-A-750: umlando indalo, isakhiwo, izici

PMZ-A-750 - ngowokuqala eSoviet Union isithuthuthu esindayo olwahlelwa ku 30s kuya Podolsky isitshalo lokukhanda. Kukhiqizwe inguqulo double, futhi ukuthutha. Ngezenzo yoniwe impi, emnothweni, nezinsiza zomphakathi. Ngaleso sikhathi samanje kuyathakazelisa kakhulu iminyuziyamu kanye abaqoqi yangasese.

design

Esikhathini 30s zakuqala Izithuthi Scientific Institute (NATI) luceliwe ukuthuthukisa isithuthuthu esindayo ephethe namandla 750 cm ^3, ezovumelana nezimo umgwaqo eU.SSR ezifanele ukusetshenziswa nge stroller. Ngokuba ukuthuthukiswa iphrojekthi eMoscow wamenywa umklami Mozharov Potr Vladimirovich, umdali izithuthuthu lokuqala IL.

Working Group kubhekwe wayevele izixazululo American inkampani Harley-Davidson kanye German BMW, pocherpnuv eziningi imibono. usizo olungenakuqhathaniswa kudalwa PMZ-A-750 kwadingeka abaklami abasha Alexander Fedorov, Igor Okunev Sergey Semashko, uBoris Fitterman nabanye. kamuva Fyodorov wasebenza njengoba unjiniyela omkhulu zalesi sihlahla e Irbit. Okunev waba umklami induna eMoscow motor isitshalo, bese AZLK imoto isitshalo. Fitterman wasiza ekwakheni izimoto ZIS.

Kusukela umqondo aziwe

Umqondo injini ezihlongozwayo onjiniyela Soviet, bafana "harleevskuyu", nge izingxenye eziningi ezahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, afundwa Lubrication uhlelo kwakuba ezomile sump uhlelo kanye ezimbili-esiteji uwoyela futha. Ethangini amafutha siphakamisiwe ukuhlela Imininingwane injini crankcase ekusakazeni. Esikhathini isithuthuthu ibhethri osetshenziselwa ukuthungela, injini ifakwe igiya.

ulibo

Umsebenzi ku Ngokuzayo PMZ-A-750 uyathuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu. Imidwebo ngu entwasahlobo 1932 base bamukelwe kakade futhi sathunyelwa ukuze Izhevsk. Ngo-May 1933, thina baqoqa 4 prototypes izithuthuthu, ngokuthi NATI-A-750. Agasti 20 ngonyaka ofanayo, bayiswa eMoscow.

Kuqhathaniswa onobuhle ejwayelekile ekuhlolweni isithuthuthu ukwakha ngohlaka nezihlalo ezingemuva ukuthi lula. Ohlangothini kwesokunxele phambi ekuphambukeni elise isignali alalelwayo, okuyinto kamuva sidluliselwe isondo. Isigwedlo shift bese isinyathelo bamba itholakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele, + njengasosukwini lokungivivinya izithuthuthu American kwesikhathi. Futhi isitayela American kwenziwa esihlalweni somshayeli: esihlalweni ezijulile, kubekwe nemigomo ephezulu ngenxa umgibeli labaqaphi elingemuva. Izinyathelo lakhishwa kude phambili, phambili lamasondo angemuva anemisila sokumelela retractable.

ukukhiqizwa

Onjiniyela sasilangazelela kwethulwa nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ngobuningi, kodwa sitshalo Izhevsk babengakakhuli ngokwanele wahlomisa ukuba abhekane ngokuphumelelayo nesitha umkhiqizo eziyinkimbinkimbi enjalo. Ngo-1935, abantu Commissariat imibhalo lobuchwepheshe etandleni wamanje Podolsk isitshalo mechanical, iyona legatsha Russian inkampani "Umculi". Ngesikhathi imboni ukwenziwa yemishini yokuthunga esinalo abasebenzi abangu-11 000 futhi kwakukhona izimo ezinhle ukwenziwa wemfanelo.

Ukukhiqizwa isithuthuthu lokuqala PMZ-750 wehla emgqeni inhlangano ka-1935, ngaso kanye isikhathi sokuba usuku emangalisayo - 1 Meyi. Lapho ukukhiqizwa ngo-July 25 wavakashela Yabantu Commissar ka umkhakha esindayo Ordzhonikidze, abasebenzi bakhe ifektri wabonisa for amayunithi ayisishiyagalolunye izithuthuthu.

izici lobuchwepheshe

Motorcycle PMZ-A-750 ine izici ezilandelayo:

• isilinda ezine-unhlangothi injini, Ukupholisa - emoyeni. ivolumu Ukusebenza - 747 ^cm3.
• Umthamo - 15 wamalitha. a. (11 kW) at 3600 rev / imiz.
• Inombolo amagiya - 3 (isilinganiso 3,045-1,58-1,00).
• Transmission - uchungechunge 5 / 8x3 / 8 ".
• usayizi isondo - 4,50h19 ".
• Wheelbase - 1395 mm.
• Ukuphakama iphethini - 1050 mm.
• Ubude - 2085 mm.
• Clearance Road - 112 mm.
• Ubude isisindo - 225 kg.
• Umthamo - 115 kg.
• Okokhelekayo umthamo - 21 wamalitha.
• Speed (esiphezulu) - 105 km / h (ngaphandle esinekalishi).
• Fuel ukusetshenziswa (ongaphakeme) - 6 amalitha.

Izibuyekezo

Motorcyclists ambiguously uhlolwa umshini Pmr-750. Abanye badumisa Uhlaka isakhiwo nokufinyelela okulula izingxenye, kuyilapho abanye abakholelwa idivayisi ukucabangela. Ngezindlela eziningi, inkonzo isithuthuthu ihluke kwezinye onobuhle, eyethula nezinkingana ezithile.

gearbox Mechanical elise phezulu motor, lapho usuke wenziwa isigwedlo olukhethekile ohlangothini kwesokunxele isithuthuthu. Coupling kwaba zezinhlobo ezimbili: kuphakathi kokuthi wishbone double ne isinyathelo ohlangothini lwesobunxele noma isigwedlo phezu esisezimpondweni ngakwesokunxele. Isikhathi ezishisayo edingekayo esikhundleni njalo lamafutha ohlelweni Lubrication - 1000 km. ibhayisikili kulungiselelwa bekulokhu kunzima futhi kuthatha isikhathi.

Schebler Carburetor mikhiqizo ngokuvamile wadala izinkinga uma usuqala injini. Kuyadingeka ukubambisana okunembile kwezindikimba indawo eyiyo kanye damper emoyeni, ukuthungela (ohlangothini kwesokunxele handlebars) futhi kuvulwa valve mpintsha (ohlangothini kwesokudla handlebars). Motorcyclists Entela unscrambled emelela PMZ ngokuthi "azame ukwenza kwami." Phakathi naleso sikhathi, umklamo kwaba ezintsha, imibono eminingi ethakazelisayo ayesetshenziswa onobuhle okwalandela. Sekukonke amayunithi ezingaphezu kuka-4,600 baye baqoqa.

PMZ-750 yasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela e-ejensi kahulumeni kanye wempi, ababethengiswe ngabanye ezizimele. Okwakwaziswa ngokukhethekile isithuthuthu esinekalishi. Inani ekuqaleni 1938 zaba ruble 7760, kuyabiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye onobuhle ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, Iz-7 ethengisiwe ruble 3,300, "Red Okthoba" L-300 elinganiselwa ku ruble 3360.