Melanin - kuyini futhi kungani sasidingeka?

Sonke siyazi ukuthi abantu zihlukile linjani ibala lakhe lesikhumba, amehlo kanye izinwele, kodwa musa njalo ukucabanga, kungani kunjalo. Kodwa uNkulunkulu kufanele asolwe melanin. Kuyini lokhu? Sombala omnyama noma amnyama umbala onsundu, okuyinto ekhona amaseli ezithile, okuyinto zitholakala kokubili epidermis nasesikhathini iris esweni. Kwezinye izimo, inani kunqunywa genotype, kwabanye - izimo zemvelo.

Iqiniso ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin senzeka ngaphansi kwethonya kwelanga - isikhumba uvikelekile UV ukukhanya, tan livela. Isikhathi more umuntu uchitha ilanga, lo mnyama kuba isikhumba - lokhu kuyindlela evamile yokusabela lapho ukuzivikela. Kodwa cishe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi abantu abahlukile Tan ungcono noma kukubi kakhulu, umuntu nje oshayo. Njengoba kunjalo nge umbala wamehlo kunqunywa genotype. Isikhumba zabantu ezinjalo nje melanin kancane, futhi umzimba futhi ukhiqiza nenani enganele, ngakho kufanele usebenzise umuthi ongakuvikela ngokuphelele elangeni.

Lokhu umsebenzi melanin kubaluleke kakhulu, ngisho emhlabeni ngakho unyaka ngamunye lenqwaba amacala okuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, lokhu sombala ngaphandle kwabo kuyoba nakakhulu. Thola okungenani yezwekazi lase-Afrika - ngaphandle photoprotection eqinile esingokwemvelo izakhamuzi zendawo, bekungeke kube khona ukuze usinde. Ngakho lokho ncamashi kungukuqiniseka obhekene umbala kwesikhumba futhi ivikela ke emiphumeleni elimazayo singakutholi ukukhanya kwelanga.

Ngakho, nathi singakwethemba kalula ukuhlukanisa abantu enezinga eliphakeme le-melanin kusukela ukuphumula - ba kulula ukukhanya, futhi umthunzi isikhumba sabo kuyaqabukela ukukhanya kakhulu, ngokuvamile omnqumo noma mnyama. Kukhona isimo lapho umzimba awukwazi eliningi elanele noma obungeke nhlobo ukukhiqiza i-melanin. Kusho ukuthini lokho futhi bakubonisa kanjani ngokwayo? Kulokhu sikhuluma albino - ukubukeka abantu kungase kubonakale lapho uqala nje ukubona engajwayelekile. abantu Albino kungatholakala njalo, kodwa emhlabeni isilwane akuyona rarity onjalo, ikakhulukazi uma namagundane. Ngezinye izikhathi, lo mbala isikhumba ukuthi kucekelwa phansi ngesizathu esisodwa noma kwenye - ke sikhuluma Une-vitiligo.

Hhayi ukwakheka kwabantu kuphela ukukhiqiza ezitokisini zabo ekuphenduleni elangeni melanin. Kusho ukuthini? Ingabe amakhowe, izilwane kanye nezitshalo, futhi, khiqiza it? Yebo, ngoba, kakhulu, kudingeka photoprotection, futhi lo mbala ngokuphelele ivikela ultraviolet.

Ngaphezu umsebenzi wayo ophambili nosemqoka, le-melanin emzimbeni kudlala indima ngaphezulu neurotransmitter, futhi ehilelekile ukubuyiselwa nokuvikelwa DNA - ulwazi zofuzo ngamunye umzimba ngamanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyinto antioxidant enamandla, indima ebalulekile yalolu ketshezi bekulokhu kubhekwa kwezokwelapha. Kuyinto lo mbala obhekene kumiswa freckles - amaseli namabala zibuthele iqembu, futhi kubonakala sengathi izindawo ezincane esikhumbeni, laziwe kubo bonke.

Abantu ne isikhumba ugodo ngokuvamile ufuna ukuba amaseli wabo ngokuvamile akhiqiza i-melanin. Kuyini lokhu? Kungenzeka kwenziwe? Ngqo - akukho, kodwa kungenzeka ukwandisa edonsa ukudla nge uvithamini A, okuyinto ehilelekile kuhlanganise lokhu ukukhiqizwa lesi sakhi, futhi unikeza isikhumba abe luhlaza golden. Melanin isifunde indlela kukhishwe kusukela amaseli, futhi kuhlelwe umqondo ngu tyrosine acid acid. It is lisetshenziswe imithi ukwelapha vitiligo futhi photodermatitis, eczema kanye t-solar. D. Iphinde eziqukethwe izimonyo ukuvikelwa emisebeni ultraviolet futhi isicelo emva kwezikhumba. Ukunganakwa Ukuvikela isikhumba bengayi noma kunjalo, ngoba igcwele ukusha hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi kakhulu izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu.