Medicine 'Methotrexate'. imfundo

Medicine "Methotrexate" imiyalelo kusebenza isigaba anti-metabolites, pyrimidine analogs. Omqondofana: "Zeksat", "Treksan", "Triksilem" nabanye.

Kusho "Methotrexate" (amaphilisi) uvunyelwe ukusebenza njenge-ejenti olulodwa noma njengengxenye ngamakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngu izinkomba zihlanganisa wegazi myeloblastic futhi lymphoblastic, myelogenous wegazi ezingelapheki flow esigabeni kamuva, lymphosarcoma. Njengengxenye ye-himiolecheniya imithi okuhlangene "Methotrexate" Umhlahlandlela uncoma wesibeletho umdlavuza, iphaphu, webele.

Ngezinye ngemithamo ephakeme (ngenkathi ethola filinata calcium) izidakamizwa engabelwe osteogenic Sarcoma, isimila Ewing sika, choriocarcinoma lesizalo Sarcoma of izicubu zomzimba ezithambile.

Ekwakhiweni (umjovo) isetshenziswa ukuze akhulule izimpawu Izilonda psoriatic.

Kusho "MTX" ku isakhiwo sazo sekhemikhali (umsebenzisi iqukethe ulwazi ezifana) eduze folic acid ngalesi has nomphumela ohlukile. Njengoba isitha antimetabolite nokunikeza antifolievym umphumela, umuthi kubambezela cell division, ukuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ngenkuthalo proliferating, umnkantsha kanye. I nomuthi "MTX" kunomthelela okwehlisa ukukhula neoplasms ebulalayo.

Umuthi ezinqunyiwe ngaphakathi.

Ekwelapheni eziyinkimbinkimbi zomuthi "Methotrexate" manual uncoma omdala ukuba 0.03 amagremu kabili ngesonto. Ezinganeni umthamo ngelanga - 0.02 amagremu ngamunye isentimitha skwele surface body endaweni.

Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa - amasonto amabili.

Yiqiniso Fundzisisa kuhilela ukuqokwa umthamo omdala 0,02-0,025 amagremu nsuku zonke. Ubude besikhathi sokwelashwa - kuze kube ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu.

Ngokuhamba ukuphuza umuthi "Methotrexate" manual uncoma ukuthatha ikhefu Evikini elilodwa noma amabili.

Imithi contraindicated ezifundeni immunodeficient, isifo sesibindi, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemiya (kuhlanganise aplastic futhi apoplastic) hypersensitivity.

Ayikho idatha eyanele ukuze ukuqhuba izifundo zokwelapha imithi "Methotrexate" abakhulelwe kanye lactating. Ngokuqondene nalokhu imithi esikhathini yabakhulelwe futhi ngesikhathi lactation is ayizange inikezwe.

Kube kufanele izidakamizwa "Methotrexate" engemihle. Umuthi kungabangela gagging, isicanucanu, uhudo, ukuvuvukala kule mucosa ngomlomo (stomatitis). ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside izidakamizwa "MTX" imakwe lesion ne ukopha mucosa ngomlomo uhlamvu izilonda emathunjini, encishisiwe platelet ibala, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, kwehle-hemoglobin okuqukethwe egazini. Kwezinye izimo, ukutheleleka yesibili kungabonakala nasemkhakheni, engabangela ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo anobuthi (ngokuvamisile uma sisebenzisa ngemithamo ephakeme), izilonda kwezinso.

Ukuze ugweme ukuthuthukiswa imiphumela engathandeki inkambo zokwelapha ke wenziwa khona ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuqinile udokotela.

Endabeni ka ukweqisa izidakamizwa awunasilinganiso ukubonakaliswa ethize. Ukuhlonza Ukugula isimo Kwenziwa okuqukethwe izidakamizwa "Methotrexate" plasma.

Izixwayiso

Ithuluzi alisetshenziswa le pleural effusion, ascites, izilonda, izilonda emathunjini, isifo sezinso noma sifo.

Musa thatha varicella imithi (kuhlanganise esanda kushintshwa noma ngemva kokuthintana i elinegciwane), i-herpes zoster nezinye izifo sibi Lokudabuka ezithathelwanayo.

Ekuqaleni futhi imithi oyinikiwe kuyadingeka ukulawula neuropathy igazi isithombe, isibindi kanye umsebenzi izinso.

Lapho ebonisa indlela lo izidakamizwa e-psoriasis noma i-rheumatoid arthritis, segazi umnyuziki wenza okungenani kanye ngenyanga.

Phakathi nocwaningo kwatholakala imiphumela mutagenic futhi umdlavuza imithi "Methotrexate".