Machiavellianism. Lena zokukhwabanisa elula noma ubuciko?

Abantu abaphila emphakathini wanamuhla, ihluke kakhulu. Banezinhliziyo nombono ohlukile, alinganise ukuxhumana nabanye. Kodwa-ke, zonke zazo uxhuma eyodwa: nomgomo ekuphileni, okuyinto wonke umuntu ongathanda ukuyifinyelela. Izindlela zokufinyelela lowo mgomo, futhi ehlukile.

Kuyini Machiavellianism?

Igama elithi "Machiavellianism" lisuselwa lesiNgisi elithi machiavellianism. Ekuqaleni lalisetshenziswa uma ukhuluma ngani wezifundo zezombusazwe, okusho Inqubomgomo esiqinile kakhulu isimo, ukusebenzisa amandla isilo esinonya. Ngemva kwalokho, leli gama liye ezalandela zadlula ngokuphazima umkhakha ehluke ngokuphelele. Machiavellianism ku Psychology ubuntu liwukuqiniseka ukuthi kungaba futhi kufanele ukulawula abanye. Futhi, leli gama lisikisela ukuthi umuntu ukwenza amakhono athile ikhulela ukuba bafinyelele imigomo yabo, ngokuvamile ebelibangise isipho lokukholisa, ngaphezu kwalokho, it is kahle ababeyizazi ukuthi abanye abantu bafuna, ukwazi izinhloso zabo, izifiso, izifiso .

Ukuvela kwegama elithi "Machiavellianism"

Okokuqala waqala ukukhuluma ngalokhu esenzeka Yenguquko emva emhlabeni wabona umsebenzi wesazi sefilosofi Italian Niccolò Machiavelli ngokuthi "uMbusi". It Machiavelli wabelane imibono yakhe, okuyinto wabopha Ukuthanda zokukhwabanisa onalezizimpawu yabantu ngabanye. Ngokusho kwakhe, ngesikhathi kubusa umbusi isimo akusho ukuthi acabangele izifiso zabantu, ngoba ngamandla isilo esinonya ingafinyelela lutho, abantu bayokwazi indawo lapho engaya khona, uyogcwalisa nezinye nanoma yiziphi izidingo ezifanele. Ukuze ekuchumeni ukuthuthukiswa isimo kungenziwa bengawunaki izithakazelo zabantu abavamile. Ezikhathini zanamuhla nomqondo Machiavellianism - lokuhlobanisa xaxa isimo sokugxeka, inkohliso futhi uyiqili.

izimiso isiqondiso

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkonzo Machiavelli ngobuqili bakhe ezahlukene kanye nobuqili. Empilweni yakhe yonke wenza umnikelo omkhulu yokuthi Florence yakhe ayithandayo samelana enkundleni sezombangazwe sembulunga yonke. Wayesebenza kahle ithuba isikhashana ukuze uxoxe Chezare Bordzhia, nonya futhi kuhlaziywa umlawuli isiNtaliyane, ngiphuphe ngokwakha isimo esihlanganisiwe Italian futhi uwaphathe. Kodwa umdlalo wakhe, wayengekho njalo ngokwethembeka. Sebenza Machiavelli "Nkosi EnguMbusi" echaza lokhu ngomuntu othile, lapho esebeke phambili izimiso ayo Machiavellianism. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngokushesha kuqala impi phakathi zoMbuso WaseRoma Venice. Ezweni, iziyaluyalu kwagqashuka futhi uN Machiavelli uya ejele ngamacala zungu. Ngaphansi usongo isijeziso sokuhlushwa, ayiboni amacala akhe, ngakho-ke imahhala. Encwadini yakhe ethi azichazayo njengoba kwaba nalabo abashumayela ubuhle nokulunga, eqinisweni, basekela amandla abo phezu nonya nobudlova. Kuyinto behlonipha Machiavelli oseceleni liye labizwa ngokuthi "Machiavellianism". Kusinda yokuthi kungcono State obuswa umbusi ononya akufihli izinhloso zakhe, kodwa usigcine ngaphansi kolawulo kweshumi nambili zabantu ababuthaka ababengazi lutho mayelana nezindaba zezombusazwe. Ngo ukuqonda kwakhe isimiso esiyisisekelo kufanele kube nesimo obuqinile okungenani umbusi onamandla, uhole abantu bakho eya ekuchumeni.

izici ngokwengqondo ubuntu

Igama elithi "Machiavellianism" Sekuyisikhathi eside esetshenziswa kwengqondo angaphandle. Sikhuluma ngokuziphatha komuntu e ubudlelwane obufanele, lapho nakanjani ukufihla izinhloso zabo kweqiniso futhi ukusetshenziswa aqondisa ekhethekile futhi manipulations (kungaba ukuthopha, nenkohliso, ukwesabisa kanye nokunye) ukuphazamisa abanye ukuze, lingazi nokwazi ukuthi, wenze noma yini batshelwa. Ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi umuntu oseneminyaka Machiavellianism - ungumuntu ezithandwa ngokweqile suspiciousness, ubutha, engemihle nobugovu. Okungukuthi, lowo muntu kumele ebuhlotsheni nabanye abantu baziphathe abandayo futhi akakude, ngenxa yokungathembani yabanye. Abantu ne Machiavellianism wokuvelela, ohlakaniphile, ophikelelayo, babehlale abaziyo ukuthi bafunani. Ukuba manqikanqika, wobugwala bese umuzwa babe mnene.

Izindlela cwaningo

Ngo Psychology umqondo Russian "Machiavellianism" akuyona njengoba okwandile njengasezulwini phesheya. lososayensi baye baqhuba umsebenzi ucwaningo "iNkosana" futhi ngesisekelo salokhu zaba eziningi izinkinga ezingokwengqondo ukuhlonza Machiavellianism. Njengoba Machiavellianism ezivamile ubudlelwane obufanele, ke kukhona inala izibonelo. Indodakazi kwenza umsebenzi wezibalo, samane wacela unina yami ukuza uzoyisiza. Umama kuyasiza. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile indodakazi yami icela futhi mayelana nohlelo, umama kufika futhi. Bese futhi, futhi. Ekugcineni, ngemva kwenye umama isicelo akanakuma, ahlale ndawonye futhi siqede umsebenzi uqobo. Indodakazi ujabule ngoba yena ngeke bakwenze lo msebenzi, futhi manje yena uyajabula ngokuthi unina wakwazi ukuthola ukwenza lo msebenzi ngoba wakhe. Okungukuthi, ekuqondeni ososayensi, Machiavellianism - inhlanganisela izici ngokomzwelo futhi zokuziphatha, lapho umuntu angakwazi uma uxhumana ukushoshozela abanye ukuba ulandele imiyalelo yakhe.

imiphumela yocwaningo

Ngo izimpendulo zabo yezinkinga ngokwengqondo Machiavellian aphansi kakhulu behlolisise izimfanelo zokuziphatha zobuntu bakhe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bayaqaphela ukungabi nakwenzeka kwento ngokuhlanganisa uhlobo ukuziphatha kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha kwepulani emphakathini. Lolu cwaningo luveza ukuthi Machiavellian ikakhulukazi nobudlelwano futhi akuxhomekile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amanga noma iqiniso, kodwa ukwethembeka, nobungane wagqoka sikaphalafini emuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwatholakala ukuthi abesifazane Machiavellianism ukusebenza kancane kunakunoma amadoda.