Lwemali umhlali: umcabango we umthetho Russian

Ukuze qinisa Izilawuli kwamanye amazwe umthetho ibilokhu uchitshiyelwe. Ikakhulukazi, iphathelene kwencazelo "umhlali lwemali." On incazelo enembile kuxhomeke kakhulu intela ye imali eyiphinda siqu.

Umcabango

Igama elithi "umhlali" imelelwa umthetho hhayi kuphela maqondana intela, kodwa futhi ukushintshashintsha control. Umthetho omusha "Ngo lwemali izakhamizi" (yabukezwa ngo 2012) uhlinzekela ukuthi, owahamba ngaphezu konyaka ngaphandle kwezwe akuzona izakhamuzi Russian Federation nomuntu engasaveli eRussia. Akunandaba ukuthi umuntu ngokuqondile Visa: umfundi, izivakashi noma entitling umnikazi ukuvakashela izihlobo. Imithethonqubo okukhulunywe "unomphela" noma "okwesikhashana" ukuhlala kwelinye izwe, kodwa akekho kubo likhuluma 'embili ". Okungukuthi izakhamuzi Russian ohlala kwelinye izwe, okuyinto okungenani usuku olulodwa onyakeni ukuza ekhaya, ukulahlekelwa isimo non-ohlala. Kodwa ezinye abameli bakholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukuba banake yokuthi sokubhalisa lokuhlala. Lapho abantu uthuthele ku kwelinye izwe, ukuthi akhishwe izindlu eRussia. Gcina umbhalo walokho ukuvakashelwa sakhe esifushane ekhaya kunzima.

Umqondo "umhlali Monetary" yethulwa ngo umthetho phambi. Khona-ke kwaba engengaphansi iyadida. Ikakhulukazi, kulesi sigaba sama-izakhamuzi akunakubangelwa zonke Abantu abasondelene visa esikhathi eside passport, ngisho noma ukwenza abakaze esetshenziswa.

Ngubani exchange angaphandle umhlali Russian Federation :

• abantu abane-esinikezwe imvume yokuba yisakhamuzi eRussia;
• izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kubhaliswe ku Russian Federation;
• zikamasipala we Russian Federation.

Inhlokomo ezizungezile incazelo yaleli gama hhayi ngephutha. Inani imisebenzi ku izakhamuzi Russian Federation zikhulisa njalo ngonyaka.

Izibopho umhlali

1. Yazisa ukuvula kanye nokuvala i-akhawunti amabhange angaphandle. Ngenxa yokwephula lwetidzingo penalty inani ruble ayizigidi ezinhlanu.
2. Ungavumeli agelezele akhawunti imali imisebenzi engekho emthethweni, ikakhulukazi, imali etholakale ngokudayiswa kwempahla. Ngenxa yokwephula lwetidzingo umhlali exchange ubophekile ukuba ngikhokhe inhlawulo in inani 75% umthamo kuthengiselana.
3. Kusukela 2015, abantu kudingeka ukuba ngonyaka (ngaphambi Juni 1) ukunikeza imibiko cash flow. Phakathi ukwephulwa kokuqala oda ekunike penalty inani ruble ayizigidi 3, futhi kabusha - .. ruble ayizigidi 20 ..

Ukubika kanjani

Umbiko ungenza ephepheni bese kudlule ngqo FTS, noma uthumele nge-akhawunti yakho siqu esizeni abakhokhi bentela. Ishidi lokuqala liqukethe ulwazi mayelana isicelo, kanti eyesibili - kwi-akhawunti izimali zakwamanye amazwe. Ngezinye akhawunti ngayinye unikezwa Ngokwesibonelo ahlukene ishidi yesibili. FTS ngaphakathi kwegunya layo angacela imibhalo eyengeziwe eqinisekisa ukusebenza. ukulungiselela yabo kunikezwa ngesonto. Ikakhulukazi, singadinga:

• Notshwala kwezimali ku-akhawunti (kangcono ukucela ebhange) yamukelwe ngekhompyutha.

• amakhophi kwasayinwa kwemibhalo ebhange futhi inguqulo eqinisekisiwe ku Russian.
• Declaration ipasipoti ukuthengiselana kanye izinkontileka lapho intela angacela ulwazi.

Ngemva kokunikeza umbiko kunoma iyiphi imali Monetary umhlali ubophekile ukuba sikhokhe intela yengeniso. Ngokomthetho ezibekwe intela idividendi (13% no-15% ngokulandelana ukuze umhlali noma cha) kusukela Bank imisebenzi nge ngezimali:

• 13% i-phys. izinhlangano - izakhamizi (30% - non-abahlali);
• 20% i-jur. izinhlangano - (non) izakhamizi.

Ukuze ugweme umthetho double, iRussia esayinwe emazweni angu-80 yesivumelwano. Ukuze ezinye izinhlobo engenayo umhlali angase akhokhe izintela kuphela izwe ohlala kulo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma kusetshenziswa imali yabakhokhi bentela ukhokhele ezingaphezu kuka-13% e-host intela ezweni ngengeniso evela iqashwe ngesilinganiso kungadingeki ukuthi akhokhele yini Russian Federation. Kodwa ukuze ube Federal Tax Service engabuzi mibuzo, kungcono ukunikeza ikhophi angaphandle intela isimemezelo futhi imibhalo ukukhokhelwa. Uma ukuphathwa kwempahla bekulokhu umphathiswa, isitifiketi kudingeka ukuthole kuye, ngoba kulesi simo kuba ejenti intela.

sokunikela ngokuzithandela

Gwema izimangalo sokukhokhwa kwezimali zaminyaka iminyaka eyedlule, ungasebenzisa ushwele capital - ukuhambisa ngaphambi 1 Julayi spetsdeklaratsiyu, okuyinto ukhombise ibhalansi ye-akhawunti bese unamathisela isaziso kuvulwa.

Capital ushwele kusebenza futhi ukuthengiselana emthethweni. On akhawunti angaphandle ungadlulisa iholo, ukuthatha uhambo, izinkokhelo nomphakathi. I-OECD namazwe FATF nazo avunyelwe ukudluliselwa loans izimali zakwamanye amazwe, izimali ukuqasha impahla, isigqebhezana. Nokho, ukuze uthumele izibonelelo kanye imali etholakale ngokudayiswa kwempahla akuvunyelwe. Ukwephula nale mfuneko nazo inhlawulo ka-75% inani kuthengiselana. Ngo umkhuba, kubukeka sengathi lokhu. Uma i-akhawunti bangaphandle yayiwukuba imali engu- $ 100 kusukela ukudayiswa Central Bank, i-$ 75 izothunyelwa ukuba isifundazwe sikhokhele esihle. Kodwa uma ungenaso isikhathi uJuni 1 ukuhambisa spetsdekoaratsiyu, umthwalo kungagwenywa.

umthwalo wokuphatha

Lwemali umhlali (non-ohlala) unesibopho kuphela icala maqondana nalapho icala lakhe (Art. 1.5 kweKhodi Administrative). Kulokhu, isinqumo icala kungenzeka onikezwe kokuphela kwezinyanga 2-3 kusukela ngosuku emsebenzini waso. Njengengxenye ukucabangela enkantolo zokukhokha amacala isibopho sezomthetho kukhuphuke iminyaka emibili.

Uma FTS ngokuzimela uyezwa khona i-akhawunti izimali zakwamanye amazwe, ohlala okuzokhishwa inhlawulo in inani ayizinkulungwane 5. Deda. Uma azobika ngokushesha emva umnqamulajuqu, ie-June 1, lemali ngeke zingancishiswa ngokushintsha ncamashi 5 izikhathi.

Uma exchange ayikwazanga umhlali ngemuva kokuthola isicelo ukunikeza umbiko, inhlawulo ruble 300 (uma ukubambezeleka izinsuku eziyishumi) kanye 2.5 ayizinkulungwane. Deda. (Uma ukubambezeleka kuze kudlule isikhathi eside). Ngokwephulwa okuphindaphindiwe esithola esihle ayizinkulungwane 20. Hlikihla.

Uma lwemali akuyona umhlali watshela ukuvula i-akhawunti, kodwa uzoqhubeka ukwamukela iholo kuwo, khona-ke kuthathwa ngokuthi ukukhokha intela. FTS namanje afune ukuba ukhokhe izimali futhi inhlawulo in inani ayizinkulungwane 100-300. Hlikihla.

ukuhlolwa

Njengoba FTS uyaqaphela ukuthi umhlali lwemali (natural person) has a akhawunti angaphandle? Kuze kube manje, kuphela kusukela wentela. Kusukela ngo-2018 i-Russian Federation exhunywe exchange ngokuzenzekelayo uhlelo ulwazi nezindaba zentela. Ngakho-ke, ukufunda ulwazi Federal Tax Service emizimbeni kuyoba ngesikhathi esifanele.

Kunezikhathi lapho umhlali lwemali unesithakazelo ekwazisa Federal Tax Service ukuvula i-akhawunti. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze uthumele izimali ezivela akhawunti abo e-Russian Federation e yathunyelwa ebhange lakwelinye izwe, udinga ukunikeza isaziso Federal Tax Service kuvulwa lawo uphawu ukwamukelwa. Lokhu kuyisidingo saziso kuwo wonke amaklayenti. Efuna ukuthola azungeze ke, izakhamuzi ukwedlulisela izimali besithathu. Kodwa eminye imithetho kuvunyelwe kuphela ukuphuma nokungena kwezimali ku-akhawunti yakho ukuze uqinisekise umsuka imali.

Esikhathini indawo ingozi, nabo bebekhona bayizakhamuzi uke ukwaziswa mayelana akhawunti angaphandle kuze 2015 babengakholwa ivaliwe futhi kungakapheli isikhathi ukunikeza ulwazi. Maqondana nabantu abanjalo bangase wamisa ekuqhutshweni zokuphatha nge esihle ayizinkulungwane 10. Hlikihla. futhi kuvinjelwe kokushiya Insimu Russian Federation.

Umholo inkampani yangaphandle

Ungathola iholo kanye phesheya. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ingabi indlela ende besuka ekhaya izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-183 ngonyaka. Esimweni esinjalo, umuntu esuswa sokubhaliswa WaseRussia. Khuluma mayelana yokuhlala akudingekile. kuvakasha kwesikhashana lutho uphoqa. Dinga ukubhalisa at amasiko kungaba kuphela, lapho igama elithi izinsuku ezingu-90: ikhambo ka. Kwezinye izimo, lo umbiko akhawunti angaphandle akudingekile.

Bank of Commerce

Kuphela-OECD kanye FATF ku-akhawunti, ungakwazi bakubuyisele imali isigqebhezana, isithakazelo evela kokwenziwe nge izibambiso, izinkokhelo ku izibopho, imali kusukela ukuphathwa kwempahla. Zonke lezi ukuthenga intela ngesilinganiso 13%. Yentela icala futhi ne exchange rate umehluko. Ngakho-ke, isilinganiso sentela ibalwa okusekelwe lemali eguquliwe.

Kusukela ngo-2018 ukuya ku-izinguquko umphumela mayelana iholo zafundiswa akhawunti we yokuthengisa Central Bank. Kuze kube manje, ukuthengiselana okunjalo banqatshelwe ku-akhawunti ivulekile kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi sokukhokhwa izibopho akuyona ukudayiswa Central Bank. Ngo ezifana imisebenzi lwemali imikhawulo azisebenzi.

izinsiza Iwusizo

Okokuqala, izakhamizi kumele kudingeke ukuthi ukudala i-akhawunti siqu kule sayithi FNS. Khona-ke zonke izingqinamba neziphathimandla yentela zingaxazululwa ngaphandle eza WaseRussia.

Gcina umbhalo walokho izikweletu kumaphenalti zokuphatha, sicela uvakashele "Federal umsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo Izikhungo."

Ngezinye izikhathi kungcono ukukhansela isimo umhlali currency angaphandle bese uphuma akhawunti, kunokuba aphikisane Federal Tax Service iziphathimandla.

isiphetho

umthetho lwemali eyakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi abantu benze hhayi isifiso ukuthekelisa dolobha phesheya. Standard lwemali ukuthengiselana phakathi kwezakhamuzi kungaba kwenziwe ngaphandle tape ezengeziwe obomvu, futhi imali kule lingalingani efanayo kwelinye izwe kungabangela eziningi nobunzima. Kungcono ukuba aphule umnqamulajuqu yokubika kuka ngisho indiva lesi imfuneko. FNS, manje noma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi le ntengo isazoba aqaphele khona i-akhawunti. Futhi ke ziyahlolwa izintela, wamisa omningi nokuhlawuliswa.