Logistics imisebenzi: umqondo, izici, izinhlobo

Igama ezifana imisebenzi logistic, ungezwakala kaningi emkhakheni wezohwebo wokusabalalisa. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba imisebenzi efaka phakathi Logistics, kumcoka ukuqedela umsebenzi noma iyiphi inkampani, kungakhathaliseki profile yayo kanye olinganise. ukuhlela ibhizinisi inzuzo kuyoba nzima kakhulu ngaphandle kuvisisa yalezi zinhlelo.

Kuyini Logistics

Lenchazelo isetshenziswa ukuchaza isayensi bekuhlela, ezokuthutha, abaphathi bayo kanye nokulawula. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ihlanganisa isitoreji futhi zonke izinhlobo imisebenzi non-impahla kanye ezibonakalayo, ezingashabalala lwenziwa ngaphambi okwamanje lapho umkhiqizo noma umthombo ethile izonikelwa iphuzu oyifunayo.

Phakathi nenqubo ngenhla, kungase kwenziwe imisebenzi ehlukene yokudla ezihlobene nokuphathwa Warehousing, yokusungula, ezokuthutha ozimele. Lokhu kuhlanganisa inhlangano ibhizinisi, zolwazi, kanye nabanye.

Eqinisweni, Logistics kudingeka uphathe ngempumelelo impahla notshwala ezahlukene.

Ingqikithi Logistics imisebenzi

Ekuqaleni, kunengqondo ukuba banake yencazelo ezivamile yalezi zinhlelo. Umqondo we imisebenzi logistic lisetshenziswa ekubhekiseleni kuyo ingxenye ezimele inqubo ngaphakathi Logistics, okuyinto eyenziwa nokugcinwa Ucingo olulodwa kanye / noma omunye emsebenzini (ukuhlunga, athula, ukukhipha izimpahla, isitoreji, inhlangano, emabhokisini kanye nabanye.).

Omunye kungaba zilandise enye incazelo. lolu hlobo operation - Kayisilutho ngaphandle isethi yezenzo okuhloswe ngaso ukuguqulela ulwazi noma impahla ukugeleza.

Kule ndawo njengendlela mqondo obalulekile angase ngokuthi ukugeleza kahle yezinto ezibonakalayo, okungase kuholele kusukela kusitoreji, ezokuthutha noma enze ezinye izenzo nge esizindeni, okubandakanya imikhiqizo ukuthi kungaba azimisele njengoba isiqedile.

Ukuze uphathe le nqubo, udinga ngokushesha ukuthola, sisebenzise ulwazi ayidlulisele ngaphandle kokulibala.

Izici Logistics imisebenzi

Naphezu essence lwabo olulodwa, ukusebenza kwalesi iphrofayela zihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana, okumele abe alalelwa.

Imisebenzi emkhakheni Logistics zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko-i - aphansi futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Kulesi samuntu yesibili ungaba ezinye zenyathi. Sikhuluma imisebenzi eyisisekelo, asizayo nokhiye. On lezi imigqa ukukhuluma kabanzi.

Ngakho, ukhiye Logistics imisebenzi ngokuqondile ezihlobene ipahla yombuso, ukuphatha izinqubo, ama-oda, yokusungula, ukusatshalaliswa ngokomzimba kanye nokukhiqiza izinqubo.

Uma kuziwa imisebenzi eyisisekelo ke ngaphansi kwazo kumele baqonde kagesi (ukuthenga) zokukhiqiza, futhi yebo, yokuthengisa.

Elementary Logistics izinqubo zihlanganisa athula, handling, ezokuthutha, emabhokisini isitoreji, reception, iholide ishede, ukufaka ukuhlunga kanye nabanye.

Ukunqunywa imisebenzi asizayo ezizosetshenziswa uma sibona kufanele ubhekane emabhokisini lokuthumela, Warehousing, lokuqoqa okubuyisekayo imfucuza, ulwazi kanye computer ingxenye, ukubuya kwezimpahla kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwanoma yimiphi imisebenzi.

Distribution ngezizathu ngokomzimba

Uma ucabangela Logistics imisebenzi nemisebenzi, lomgomo izinqubo kuyinto sinake nakanjani.

Letinchazelo esilandelayo sizokusiza ukuba uqonde kangcono okushiwo kulezi zigaba:

1. ekuthengweni kwempahla kanye nasezinhlelweni ukuphathwa. Kungumshikashika omubi eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi ihlanganisa izimfuneko ukuhlela isisetshenziswa, ukukhethwa abahlinzeki ngokusebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo, ukubala isikhathi elilungile kwezidingo kanye langempela ukuthenga amavolumu. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa kukhethwa izinhlobo zokuthutha ukulethwa, ukulethwa ifomu uqobo, inhlangano yomsebenzi izivumelwano, njll

2. Ukugcina isethi wezinga elamukelekile lokwenziwa komsebenzi ngenxa amakhasimende. Sikhuluma nokulawula quality, emva-sales service futhi kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa izimpahla.

3. Intengo. Intengo isu ukwakhiwa kuhlobene Logistics ukukhiqizwa. Iqiniso liwukuthi phambi indlela ukunquma izindleko yokugcina umkhiqizo, kubalulekile ukuba sicabangele zonke izindleko Logistics kuzona yeNkampani (kuhlanganisa emva kokukhululwa kwezimpahla).

4. ukusatshalaliswa Physical. Lezi imisebenzi yokudla ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi bayingxenye inqubo efana nokusatshalaliswa. Lezi zihlanganisa izinqubo eziphathelene isitoreji kanye nokunyakaza imikhiqizo isiqedile.

Ezokuthutha kanye Management

Lena enye iqembu lwezigaba ukuthi kungenziwa ihlukaniswe ibe nezimpawu ezithile ezibonakalayo. It kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile:

1. Ama-oda Control inqubo. Ingqikithi yale nqubo kunciphisa ukuze ekutholeni oda kokubili irisidi kanye ukucutshungulwa oda. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi ihlanganisa ukuhlela isikhathi kokuthola oda ngumsebenzisi ekupheleni, inhlangano ye abaxhumanisi Logistics noma eyenziwe inethiwekhi ukusatshalaliswa inkampani.

2. Ezokuthutha. Lezi imisebenzi Logistics bagxile ukusebeza kahle yosesho kanye ezokuthutha ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza impahla. Lokhu akuhileli nje kuphela ku ukuthutha, kwakusho ukuthini-ke iqoqo izinqubo yezokuthutha, yizimpahla ukudlulisa, abaphatha, nokuningi.

3. imikhiqizo Inventory ukuphathwa, okuyinto Ushiye yokwakha izimoto, kanye nezinto zethu ezibonakalayo. Kulokhu sikhuluma inqubo yokudala, ukuqapha kanye ukulungiswa amazinga yokusungula kuzinqubo afana nokuthenga, ukukhishwa nokukhangiswa. Logistics imisebenzi ngaphansi kwalo mkhakha lapha igxila ngokuyinhloko ngenxa isikhathi factor.

Ngaphandle inhlangano ephumelelayo ukulethwa kwezinsiza zokukhiqiza izimpahla eseqedile kumsebenzisi wokugcina kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola phezulu kahle futhi inzuzo. Ukuphathwa ngendlela efaneleko imithombo etholakala Ubuye nomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-ibhizinisi.

ukuphathwa Operations

Le nqubo, okuyinto ebalulekile eyaba izinqubo elawulwa ukukhiqizwa, kubalulekile ukuba uthinte ukuze uthole ukuqondisisa okungcono we izici ezihlukahlukene isihloko.

Eqinisweni, lena ukhiye Logistics imisebenzi at esiteji ekukhiqizeni, ngakho-ke unikezwa ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Njengengxenye ukuphathwa Logistics imisebenzi edingekayo ukuze balawule ngemphumelelo umsebenzi inqubo impahla ageleza iyonke. Ukunakwa ikhokhelwa lezinkinga isikhala-ukuhlela, ukunciphisa umjikelezo isikhathi, okubonisa isidingo kungenzeka izinto ezibonakalayo kanye naleminye imikhakha.

Kuyinto esebenzisa ukuphathwa zokusebenza ungakwazi ngokukhalipha ukunciphisa izindleko, kuhlanganise kohlaka Logistics, kanye ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yemikhicito.

zezilwane nokumilayo

Uma ucabangela imisebenzi Logistics nezinhlobo zazo, akunakwenzeka ukuziba ezindaweni ezinhlanu eziyinhloko obusebenzayo ezihambelana etigabeni letehlukene impahla ukugeleza vesi:

1. Production Logistics. Imisebenzi ngaphakathi endaweni elihlobene ne ekuphathweni kwemali impahla ekukhiqizeni izimpahla.

2. Procurement Logistics. Kulesi sigaba, ukubuyekezwa kanye ukukhethwa abahlinzeki ethize, ukwamukelwa kwenkolelo-ze izinyathelo esiphuthumayo lephula imigomo kwezidingo, izinkontileka kanye nokuqapha alandelayo bawuhloniphe ngokuqinile izimo zabo.

3. Ezokuthutha imisebenzi. Le nqubo yokunikeza izinkampani zokuthutha - kokubili ezimele kanye nekahulumeni - ukugeleza nalehleliwe impahla.

4. Distribution Logistics. Kulesi sigaba, umsebenzi onjalo luyasetshenziswa marketing. Esikhathini kohlaka lolu hlobo kuthengiselana ezingavela kokubili micro- futhi vumelekile imisebenzi. Njengoba isibonelo, inhlangano yokusabalalisa abanekhono kwezintathu yokudla okukhiqizwayo esifundeni noma kulo lonke lelo zwe.

5. Imininingwane Logistics. Sikhuluma mayelana ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa kuhle impahla eligeleza ukucutshungulwa okusheshayo nokusatshalaliswa lemiqulu emikhulu ulwazi. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi ezinkulu ukuthi abe uhla elikhulu, elikhulu endaweni enamathela futhi ezihlukahlukene amakhasimende. Ukuze enze ngokunembile imisebenzi esiphuthumayo kulesigaba, ngokusebenzisa ulwazi nobuchwepheshe besimanje, njengama-sekhompiyutha ubuchwepheshe.

isiphetho

Ngokusobala, umsebenzi ngamunye ehambisana nanoma iyiphi ukusebenza Logistics, kubaluleke kakhulu inkampani ngenxa nokuqaliswa kwalo yimpumelelo incike ezingeni ukusebenza sokugcina inkampani.

Ukwehluleka kunoma yisiphi isigaba ukugeleza impahla kungaholela ukulahlekelwa kwezimali. Ngakho, nathi singakwethemba kugcwale umlomo ukuthi Logistics ingenye letigaba letibalulekile teluhlelo eyohlinzwa ngempumelelo kwanoma iyiphi inhlangano, ikakhulukazi uma inkulu.