Lake Nyos e Cameroon - izivakashi kuphela, kakhulu

Lake Nyos eCameroon kwamiswa kweminyaka engu-400 kuphela edlule ngenxa ukuqhuma ezingaphansi kolwandle lapho phuma okusekujuleni magma wahlangana komhlaba. Le ngxenye yezwe mlilo Ukhahlamba. echibini okusha egcwele wentaba. Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwakubhekwa njengesenzo intabamlilo yokuqothulwa. Naphezu ukubukwa emangalisayo kusukela ogwini entabeni echibini, izivakashi akuvamile wabheka lapha. emadolobhaneni ezimbalwa kuphela atholiwe eduze kwechibi, okuyinto has a ukuphakama ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle.

Isimo sashintsha ngo-1986. Cishe incane (1,400 amamitha eside futhi 900 ububanzi) echibini eCameroon, wakhuluma wonke. Ekupheleni kuka-August, othile eshona kungazelelwe, cishe zonke izakhamuzi ezingu Fang Cha, Subum futhi Nyos. Kwakungekho isilwane, akukho izinyoni, ngisho izinambuzane. Ngisho izimila ngasogwini lomfula ichibi isibe ensundu wabheka podmerzshie. Ososayensi okuthiwa sigameko 'nhlekelele limnological "nabantu abavamile baqala ukulibiza ngokuthi i Nyos" umbulali echibini ". Ngakho kwenzekani ukuthi ebulalayo ebusuku 08.21.86?

Izidumbu zabantu abangu-ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane efile nesishiyagalombili abalimele bekukhona amabhamuza eqoshiwe. Lokhu kwashukumisela abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi le ntaba-mlilo saphila. Kodwa iqiniso kwakuthakazelisa kakhulu. Lake Nyos e Cameroon - wentaba-mlilo ngempela, futhi emgodini nezinye imifantu emincane emanzini yayo iyachubeka -carbon dioxide. It aqoqana izingqimba phansi. Ukuhlaziya amanzi akhishwa ekujuleni kuboniswa ukuthi ngokushesha olwalandela ukuphahlazeka kwathiwa supersaturated nge CO _2, i-methane ne-helium. Kodwa share sengonyama yamagesi elimazayo (96%) kwaba namanje-carbon dioxide.

Ekupheleni ehlobo kule ndawo - ngezinkathi zemvula. Cishe, amanzi ezithwalwa inhlabathi abandayo kanye aminyene futhi creeks eziningi kuyachichima Lake Nyos. Kwaba kangangokuba ihlanganiswa ngokuphelele ebusweni bamanzi esebumba ungqimba ebusweni. Emaqaqasini yokuphumula ayegcwele igesi enobuthi amanzi afudumele. Umahluko kulokho kwabantu izingqimba kwaba "inhlamvu" ukuthi umkhankaso eyinhlekelele chemical yokusabela. Kusihlwa ngo-August 21 lishaya umoya onamandla enyakatho neyenza amanzi emvula eningizimu. Kuvulwe izingqimba eduze-phansi ngokushesha ziye ukuhlinzeka igesi. besabela ngendlela efanayo sibona, uncorking ibhodlela eqashwe ku nge soda. izinga okwenzekayo kuphela lalilikhulu kakhulu.

Ngenxa yalokho, iChibi Nyos eCameroon Kwatholakala ukuthi igcwele inkungu. Phula igesi khulula amandla amuncwa umzimba, lapho izinga lokubanda lalingu-ephansi ngemizuzwana ukuba izinyathelo eziyishumi. Amagwebu babe ezinkulukazi ukuze baye elakhiwe i-tsunami elincane Ugcwalise ezifundazweni eziseningizimu. Futhi enyakatho abandayo inkungu ezinesihlungu sekungene kanye nezigodi, ngokuletha ukufa ukuba zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Manje Lake Nyos eCameroon ubukeka ngempela nice futhi olunothile. Kodwa zezihambeli ziyafika lapha isigaba esisodwa kuphela. Yibo bayathanda "bakitaza". Phela, izilinganiso amanzi amasha enziwe ngo-1992, yabonisa ukuthi CO ₂ futhi Baqala ukwenza ezingqimbeni asekujuleni kwechibi. Kwazi bani ukuthi uzosungula izimo zemvelo, futhi ngeke uqale uma esibulalayo chemical inqubo esikhathini esizayo esiseduze?