Kwayo we mycelium - Iyini? Indlela yokutshala mycelia ekhaya

Hamba emahlathini amakhowe ezithakazelisayo futhi okuthakazelisayo, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi singathola isikhathi befuna zokuphila kwanamuhla. Kodwa kukhona isixazululo: ungakwazi ukhule nabo ekhaya. Lokhu kuzodinga abanye ulwazi, izinto zokwakha kanye nesineke. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukuze umtshali mushroom kuyinto yokufuna mycelium. ukubaluleka kwalo kungabhekwa neze overestimated. Hyphae - uhlobo inethiwekhi imithambo eziqoqa nezakhi emhlabathini futhi bahambe nabo izidumbu isithelo ukhunta. Ezidliwayo, kutsho ingxenye yabo ikhula ngaphandle ngamaqhubu ethize kulo lonke mycelium.

Amakhowe ngokushesha wasithatha yonke indawo, okuyinto efanelekayo ukukhula kwabo. Lesi sici sinikezela ijabulise (efana isimiso sokujikeleza kwegazi), isakhiwo se-mycelium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simiso ikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha ukuthola ukusuka ukubhujiswa ngisho inani elikhulu imizimba fruiting.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo isikhunta unicellular kungenzeka nembiliso. Mycelium abanalo maqondana ushintsho ekuphileni ketshezi abezindaba enothe.

Namuhla sizoxoxa kanjani ukwakha indawo evumela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wazinza izingxabano mycelium. Kuthatha isikhathi, kodwa umphumela kuwufanele.

Indlela yokutshala amakhowe?

Ngokuvamile, abalandeli ngisho kilabo abakhula amakhowe ukudayiswa, wasebenzisa mycelium ngemali amabhizinisi ezikhethekile. Lapho, ngaphansi kwezimo oyinyumba, ulungiselele inkulumo-mpikiswano, okuyinto kamuva kwakhiwa hyphae. Kuyinqubo edinga microclimate okhethekile. Mycelium njengoba amasiko okumsulwa udluliselwa cereal wokusanhlamvu mycelium inqubo yokukhula iqala. Ikamelo ukuthi ukukhiphela nge air elicwengekileyo, ngaphezu, i overpressure inakekelwa, ukuze-ke aluphumeleli ngokusebenzisa emoyeni equkethe nezilwanyana ezincane. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okusanhlamvu kungukuthi kuxazululwe phezu isikhunta lokukhunta nezinye eziyingozi kanye musa ukumosha isiko. Nokho, ama-mycelium mushroom zingatshalwa izimo zazingavumi kahle ngaphezulu. Ngezansi sichaza yonke inqubo, ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa le ndlela ekhaya.

Yiziphi imicu mycelium?

Kuyinto simiso amashubhu ekhelini, hyphae, ukukhula apical futhi amagatsha lateral. Kungaba cell kanye acellular. isikhunta Abaningi ezidliwayo babe izakhiwo ezisebenza izici conductive. Sesigcilikisha mycelium noma izintambo aqukethe hyphae ahlelwe kuqondane and izindawo uvalwe agxishiwe komunye nomunye. On tyazhah isikhunta filamentous zitholakala ekuqaleni esikhathini esizayo. Kamuva lapho avele ngokwabo imizimba fruiting. Amabhendi yasakazwa kulo substrate esehlanganise ngokugcwele yonke indawo efanelekayo ukukhula. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-mycelium ekhaya uthatha simenze zensimu. I emikhulu kuba, kulapho uthola izidumbu fruiting.

elabhorethri elula

Ngokusekelwe yokuthi ukwakha ikhaya ukusebenza imvelo akunakwenzeka, masizame ukuhlomisa izimo afanele isikhunta edayisa izinto. Growing mycelium kudinga yavula ikamelo layo elikhulu, ihlanzekile futhi kulula ukuhlanza. Kubalulekile isilinganiso umswakama lokushisa emoyeni. indawo kakhulu eyomile futhi epholile kakhulu ukunciphisa isivuno, kodwa kunalokho, nokushisa kanye nomswakama eliphezulu ukuthuthukisa isikhunta ukukhula. I elikhulu umswakama kokuqukethwe amaphesenti 60-70 of. Ngokuvamile esetshenziswa ngalezi zinhloso engaphansi lapha azizwa mycelium ezinhle. I mycelium has ukukhanya ongaphakeme, kodwa izinzwa nomswakama ukusungula nokuma. Amazinga air kumele kube 20-24 degrees, imodi elikhulu zigcinwe usebenzisa Ukushisa inkimbinkimbi. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi akukho uthuli okusalungiswa, njengoba uthuthukisa ukutheleleka mycelium ezinhlamvu eziyingozi amagciwane athile kanye nesikhunta.

Optimum encane engaphansi iyunithi endaweni 1.5-2 m plastic yokubeka. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uma nje kudingeka uthole isiko okumsulwa, okuyinto thina ke wagqoka substrate. Ukuze usebenze udinga ingilazi izimbiza zamabhodlela, aphakathi ezikhulayo, cooker ngoba inzalo, kanye amashiya, eyedropper, izinkomishi plastic ecacile. Njengoba isiko okumsulwa liyadingeka ukuthatha izingcezu emizimbeni izithelo. Oku-ubageze Asizisoli.

Ukulungiselela medium izakhi

Sizokwenza kancane kancane ukuthuthela indlela yokutshala i-mycelium. Ngenxa naphakathi izakhi lapho abekwa izingcezu isikhunta, usebenzisa amazambane-glucose agar futhi lwemithombo akhiphe agar. Bona zingathengwa ngomumo eyenziwe noma uzenze. Wort agar kusekelwe 1 ilitha wort, ke ingezwe 20 amagremu agar-agar futhi abilisiwe kuze nokonakala ephelele. I ashisayo kumelwe uthele ezitsheni oyinyumba ke uvalwe uvale lid. Ngemva medium izakhi selupholile, isivalo iziphakamisile futhi busuka enempilo izicubu locezu izithelo ezidliwayo umzimba.

Ngemva cishe 2-3 izinsuku fluff elimhlophe livela bomkhumbi. Lena mycelium. Kodwa lo mphumela kuphela azuzwe ezimweni ukuhambisana namazinga inhlanzeko. Nokho, ekhaya ukugcina zonke ubuqili nzima, kaningi kangaka isitsha kukhona obomvu, oluhlaza, gray noma Moldy amakhowe kanye amakoloni okusaluketshezi kwamagciwane. Ukuze hhayi ukuba engozini okuqukethwe kangcono ukuphonsa bese uyazama futhi. Nokho, inclusions ezincane zivunyelwe, inqobo nje kwesigamu ebusweni Imininingwane matasa yokudla okunempilo okumsulwa mycelium yamasiko ukhunta. Khona-ke ngemva kwamasonto 2-3 ke luyokhula kubo bonke ubuso, futhi ukucindezela ngokuphelele zonke ezinye izinhlobo isikhunta. Lokhu okwamanje ephawula ekupheleni esiteji nzima kakhulu, bese - iqhinga.

Uyini mycelium?

Mycelium kudinga ngikubeka naphakathi isiko, kulandele ukukhula ngokushesha iqala. Nokho, lapha kukhona ukudideka mayelana nencazelo lokho mycelium. Abanye bakubiza ngokuthi substrate mycelium itheleleke ukulima olwengeziwe. Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, le mycelium - ngokwaso mycelium, okungukuthi, umzimba we ukhunta, phansi, utshaleke substrate.

Yehla ku iqiniso lokuthi mycelium - substrate, okuyinto eye kwaku mycelium. Ulindele nje uma uzoqala ukuba sikhule utshani, sawdust, ezingodweni emaplastikini lacinile nobe ebhokisini. Okungukuthi, abangabantwana mycelium kuyadingeka ukuze ukudluliselwa mycelium lezi substrates.

Ukuthola mycelium

Ngakho, une mycelium yamasiko ukhunta. Kubalulekile kakhulu, kodwa udinga substrate lapho luyokhula nemizimba ifomu fruiting. Kuyafana njengokungathi ubungumfazi imbewu ufuna Tshala inhlabathi evundile. Ngokuvamile, abalandeli bakhetha ukusebenzisa okusanhlamvu eziyizimbangela, okungukuthi ukuhlwanyela ku esezingeni okusanhlamvu. Ukuze wenze lokhu udinga noma yikuphi okusanhlamvu, kungase kube ukolweni, ummbila, noma ezinye. Kumelwe exutshwa namanzi endaweni isilinganiso amabili (2 izingxenye amanzi) kanye abilisiwe imizuzu 15-20. Ngemva kwalokho, siyaphahlaza ibe ithawula ehlanzekile futhi ushiye ukuze ome. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Gypsum yengezwe ngo isamba 1.3% wezindleko, ngaphezu, zidinga i-calcium carbonate (0.3%). izimbiza Hlanza egcwele ingxube umphumela ¾ amavolumu. Umthamo liyadingeka ukugoqa isivalo ucwecwe futhi inzalo kuhhavini amahora okungenani amabili ngesikhathi lokushisa 120. Uma amabhange cool ngokuphelele, ungeza 3-4 tincetu ophansi. Ngemva cishe amasonto amathathu ezingeni lokushisa elilingana embozwe ngokuphelele okusanhlamvu ezimhlophe tubules inethiwekhi. Manje nedlanzana okusanhlamvu kungenziwa kutshalwe iyiphi substrate, okuyinto asesandleni sakho.

Ezinye izinhlobo eziyizimbangela

I mycelium zingatshalwa on sawdust. Kuyinto eshibhile futhi ezingabizi. Ngenxa yalesi uthuli kuthiwa inzalo ngu abilayo noma calcination kuhhavini. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukusebenzisa naphakathi izihlahla zezithelo sawdust. Ngemva inzalo esitsheni nabo ezibekwe izingcezu eziningana ingxube izakhi lihluma mycelium fluff emhlophe. Ngemva mycelium of sawdust esihle kungaba ikoloni ku izingodo, utshani noma amakhadibhodi. Ngokuvamile enkulu ekwakhekeni sawdust isando plastic emikhonweni, uthole tube noma ugodo ukuthi kufanelekile ukutshalwa amakhowe. Sawdust Kuyinto elula kakhulu, kodwa akuyona okunomsoco, ngakho-ke, zidinga izithasiselo ezahlukene kuya mycelium wakwazi sikhule izidumbu izithelo. Kuze kube yimanje, amaphakethe kunezelwa bran noma yimuphi omunye umthombo nitrogen. Kodwa okusanhlamvu eziyizimbangela enomsoco ngaphezu, ekuwulungiseleleni thina kakade kuchazwe.

Uma ufuna ezazizogcwalisa mycelium weligi, kungcono ukusebenzisa induku dowel noma mushroom. Idondolo leli obukhulu eyenziwe sawdust agxishiwe, chips izinkuni. Mycelium Kulula kakhulu ukubeka emgodini ugongolo. Kakade wawufunde ukwaziswa ukhuni, ngokushesha uzoqala ukuya ukukhula. The main Ukukhetha isimo - kuyinto substrate material ofanele. Ukuze izingodo ezinkulu dowels efanelekayo. Mycelium sawdust noma okusanhlamvu okuhle kudume substrate evulekile sawdust, amakhadibhodi notshani. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi mushroom ngalinye ukhetha izimo ezahlukene. Oyster lukhula kahle kakhulu le sawdust notshani, kodwa mushroom ukhetha konemimoya izakhi, ezifana okusanhlamvu.

Ubuciko ukulima amakhowe

Ngokuvamile, ama-mycelium yamakhowe likhule ngaphandle. Kodwa ezinzile, bese-ke beba izimo zivuma ukuqoqa isivuno ocebile empeleni izimo egumbini. ezindlini Kufanele futhi emagalaji, emadlangaleni futhi maqhugwane. Ungasebenzisa i-greenhouse abavamile, avikelwe elangeni. Ikamelo kumele ngempela umoya, izinga lokushisa elikhulu ingaphezu degrees 15. Umswakama kumelwe futhi zingalawulwa, umswakama ngokweqile kuholela uyihlanganise ukukhula, esikhundleni amakhowe.

Sesivele wathi ukuthi mycelium mushroom uthanda izakhi substrate. Excellent salokhu umquba injongo okulungiselelwe ngesisekelo umquba fresh (akukho ngaphezu kuka-25%) kanye notshani. Kulokhu, wazi ukuthi nje uhlanganise lezi zingxenye akwanele. Qiniseka Composting, lokhu kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali. Phakathi kwakheka kuyindaba enzima, okuyinto ilungele amakhowe futhi asifanele izimbangi zayo. Kahle uzilungiselele umquba - siyisisekelo yokuvuna Ngakho-ke, ukulungiselela emgodini umquba, uligcwalise izithako, utshani eduze uvalwe obugundiwe futhi ushiye ebusika. Entwasahlobo ingasetshenziswa yokutshala amakhowe.

Ngakho, substrate usulungile, elinde kulelo gumbi, kuphela sikhule mycelium. Ukusebenzisa izindlela echazwe lapha, ungakwazi ukulungisa wena noma ukuthenga esitolo. Flow Rate - 500 g ngamunye imitha square.

Ukutshala oyster amakhowe

Uma umusha ku-ukulima amakhowe, kufanele uqale lesi sifundo. Iqiniso ukuthi mycelium oyster mushroom likhula ngokushesha kakhulu, okungukuthi, has a inzuzo enkulu phezu isikhunta. Ngisho hhayi substrate ngobungcweti nokwephulwa kwezimiso ukutshalwa kungenzeka ukunikeza umphumela omuhle. elula kakhulu okwenza kanye substrate iyunithi, kungase isaka polyethylene, enqwabelene nge sawdust kanye neminye imikhiqizo izinkuni. Nokho, ukukhula isivuno esihle izithelo imizimba unezinselele ezinzima kunalezo ukulungiselela substrate.

Mycelium oyster ngokwanele nomswakama olinde lokushisa emoyeni. Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela esiqhubekayo umoya onomswakama fresh. Khumbula, uma uqala zikhule oyster? Ngo ekwindla, lapho ekuseni isivele cool futhi kunomswakama. Ukuze uthole isivuno uzinze, udinga ukuthenga ukufakwa ekhethekile - humidifier ultrasonic. Uveza umusi abandayo noma inkungu. Abaningi babhekana iqiniso lokuthi Amabhulokhi owakhiwe oyster ubekwa ensimini, ukunikeza isivuno ekwindla noma nemvula futhi epholile ehlobo.

Ngesisekelo substrate kumele kube sawdust, shavings and chips. EyesiGreki izakhi avame ukusetshenziswa pearl ibhali. 2.5 kg substrate ngokuvamile ezithathwe nge 300 amagremu okusanhlamvu kanye husks sunflower. Substrate kudingeka ubilise, futhi umzuzu ngaphambi kokuphela ukupheka, engeza oluthile lokudla. Lapho ingxube selupholile cwenga ngokucophelela bese ubeka endaweni emikhonweni plastic, ubophele kokubili imiphetho. Ngemva kwesikhathi esingaba usuku ukuchitha kabusha pasteurization. Ngenxa yalesi substrate amabhlogo kudingeka ukumelana phezu umusi amahora 6. Ngemva kwalokho, substrate selehlile is wanezela mycelium. Ukuze wenze lokhu esikhwameni wenza ukusikeka eziningana, okuyinto linamathele isipuni okusanhlamvu eziyizimbangela. Emva kwezinsuku 20-30, lonke block uphendulela white futhi silungele izithelo. Manje kolunye uhlangothi block plastic ivulekile, futhi isethwe ngenhla.

Kufinyeta

Njengoba ubona, akukho nzima ukukhula amakhowe ekhaya. I mycelium zingathengwa esitolo noma usuvuthiwe ngokwakho. Le nqubo lide kakhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu kanye nokuhlonipha imithetho eyisisekelo. Ukuze usheshise-ke, futhi alethe okwamanje osekukade sokuvuna, sebenzisa mycelium ngomumo, ezidayiswa okukhethekile ezitolo. Lokhu kuzokwehlisa isikhathi ukuphoqa imizimba fruiting of okungenani amaviki amabili.

Ungakhohlwa ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka mycelium, semali isikhunta, ukubola, nezinye zokwakheka e substrate kubonisa ukuthi inqubo owawuse ne ukwephula, ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi onjalo ukuhlwanyelwa okwengeziwe e substrate kungaba yingozi.

Zama okokuqala sikhule oyster mycelium yamakhowe. Lokhu ukhunta linesizotha. Uma kuphelelwe ukutshala kuyo substrate ekuqaleni ekwindla, ungathola isivuno ocebile engadini ngqo, ngaphandle kokudala izimo ezikhethekile.

Uma mushroom ukukha ngokuyinhloko elihlobene ne iphunga zikaphayini izinaliti futhi ihlathi ukuthula uyahamba kangcono sishaywe umoya. Lo mcimbi ukhunjulwa isikhathi eside, futhi umoya ohlanzekile, ocebile oksijini, kuzosiza ukubuyisela impilo futhi babe nezikhwepha eside ngesonto ukusebenza.