Kutfutfukiswa ibhizinisi elincane eRussia

Ukuthuthukiswa ibhizinisi elincane IRussia inomlando iDemo ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe. ibhizinisi elincane iphindela 1990, lapho kumiswa ngokusebenzisa ukusungulwa izinkampani elinganiselwe icala, okwaba yingxenye abamukelayo yabo adalwe co-op.

ibhizinisi elincane - ibhizinisi ukuthi kusekelwe imisebenzi yebhizinisi kwamabhizinisi amancane kanye namabhizinisi amancane, izinhlangano okungezona ezimbonini kanye ezimbonini kanye corporations. Ukuze izinhlangano zamabhizinisi amancane amabhizinisi kanye naphakathi zifaka phakathi izinhlangano yentengiso ubuntu zomthetho, futhi abantu ngokomzimba wahlanganyela emsebenzini ibhizinisi ngaphandle kumiswa izinhlangano ezingokomthetho, kodwa lapho umuntu eba the Unified State Register osomabhizinisi ngabanye, kanye abalimi kanye nabalimi.

Engxenyeni yokuqala ka nineties ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi amancane eRussia sathola round esisha mass ngenxa inqubo azimele kwetimali temabhizimisi embuso. Ukuhanjiswa kwempahla isimo okwengeziwe nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni kohwebo. Ngo-1995-ke bamukela umthetho federal "Ngo ukweseka isimo ibhizinisi elincane WaseRussia", okuyinto kushintshwe izinkinga ezivame kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi amancane eRussia. Futhi, izinkambiso lwenhlangano zomthetho, imfuno amabhizinisi amancane aye atholakala, kuhlanganise izici ukusekelwa isimo ibhizinisi elincane, intela nokuningi.

Ukuthuthukiswa noma yiluphi uhlobo umsebenzi ebhizinisi incike izimo ezimbili - isimo sezomnotho ezweni futhi ikhono into womsebenzi ebhizinisi asisebenzise ilungelo lakhe okwengeziwe nokuqalisa izinjongo zezomnotho kanye inzuzo. Lezi zici isinyathelo ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi amancane, okuyinto kakhulu nokuzwelana imibandela esungulwe kuye.

Umlando ibhizinisi Russian ngesikhathi esifushane isidlulile zonke izigaba ukuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho simisa dolobha ezithile, aba nesandla ekuthuthukeni kwalo ukunwetshwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kuyo yonke imikhakha kahulumeni emnothweni kazwelonke.

Okwamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi amancane eRussia likhona uhlelo de-monopolization kuzo zonke izakhiwo zomnotho. Lesi sigaba kuhilela unbundling ka ayitholwa ukuziphilisa imikhiqizo ne Ukugcizelelwa amayunithi ukukhiqizwa ku izinhlangano ezincane ezizimele kanye ukusungulwa ezingaphansi. Uhlelo State nayo yakhelwe encane ingqalasizinda ukusekela ibhizinisi ubuso inethiwekhi lamabhange ngobukhulu Russian, okuyinto iminyaka eminingi emsebenzini emakethe abolekise, kuhlanganise amabhizinisi amancane kanye naphakathi. Phakathi emabhange ukuthi izokhipha ukubolekisa ethambile amabhizinisi amancane - Sberbank, Rosselkhozbank, Bank Uralsib nabanye.

Kuze kube manje, iqembu lezazi zomhlaba ezikhonjwe ngenxa yezizathu eziningana ukuthi ziphazamise ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi amancane eRussia:

1. I nzima izimo zezomnotho zezimali kuleli zwe, ukwehla zokukhiqiza, ebuthaka kuvikeleka ngekwemtsetfo osomabhizinisi, ukudabuka kwezibopho kwezomnotho.
2. Izinga eliphansi ulwazi zomthetho nezomnotho osomabhizinisi, nokuziphatha okubi ibhizinisi, kokubili ibhizinisi kanye engxenyeni kahulumeni.
3. Umbono ophambene osomabhizinisi sabantu.
4. Engaqinile isimo izenzo ukweseka emkhakheni wamabhizinisi amancane.
5. Encishisiwe ukuthenga amandla labantu ku ekukhiqizweni.

Nokho, njengoba okwehlela nemave emhlaba kukhombisa kutsi ibhizinisi elincane engenakuqhathaniswa ikhono lazo avuselele umnotho ulilethe nobukhulu bale nkinga.