Khumbula ukufunda: isifinyezo "Impi Nokuthula" by uLeo Tolstoy

Esikhathini izincwadi emhlabeni kukhona yobuciko kwezobuciko, ngosuku olulodwa ngemva kokufunda ukuthi, ungeke uyikhohlwe amaqhawe abo futhi esonta uzungu futhi uphendulela iminyaka eminingi. Umhlangano njalo nabo njalo ubonakala ngowokuqala. Ngokuba yilowo nalowo weqiniso wobuciko njalo efanele, ezithakazelisayo, amasha. inoveli uLeo Tolstoy sika amaqhawe "Impi Nokuthula" liwubufakazi yesiteleka kakhulu lokhu.

Theme, umqondo, uhlobo

Kanjani ukunikeza ithuba ukuqonda isifinyezo "Impi Nokuthula" - umsebenzi lapho umbhali, ngamazwi akhe, wayewathanda umqondo ethandwa. UTolstoy efuna ukubonisa ukuthi ukukhathalela lapho sibhekene nengozi, izinkinga, esongela lonke, okuhamba phambili kwe-abantu bakhe, izakhamuzi kweqiniso futhi alwa, benamandla umuzwa lenkaba abantu banomuzwa wokuthi efanayo futhi bayasiqaphela ubunye obugcwele ikusasa labo siqu futhi isiphetho wobaba. Nakuba namaqhawe UTolstoy sika - kwamadoda asebukhosini, ikhethelo eMoscow Petersburg emhlabeni, abaningi babo, ngemva kwesikhathi eside a, search ubuhlungu, bazithola, indawo yabo ekuphileni, kuba phakathi kwabantu. Ngenxa ongenayo ukufunda umkhiqizo ngokuphelele, ngisho isifinyezo sezinto "Impi Nokuthula" kuzokusiza uqonde ukuthi isihloko nendumezulu - ubunye abantu Russian eMpini Patriotic ka 1812. A esiyinhloko noveli - kukhombisa Ukufuna injongo yokuphila izinhlamvu ozithandayo yomlobi, endleleni yabo nzima eziphakemeyo Ingokomoya, uthando nenjabulo.

Chetyrohtomnika uhlobo ezithakazelisayo. Abacwaningi, abahlaziyi bemibhalo bakuchaza ngokuthi inoveli yeqhawe. Futhi isifinyezo "Impi Nokuthula 'kufakazela ukuba yiqiniso kwalesi nale ncazelo. Lena inoveli, ngoba lemiqulu emikhulu izincwadi, inani elikhulu izinhlamvu abathintekayo olubanzi kwendawo, khona uquqaba eziyinkimbinkimbi indaba imigqa, inani elikhulu isikhathi esingangeminyaka elandisayo, obonakalisa Dynamics babantu of izinhlamvu eziningi ezinkulu nezincane, khona ngempela emlandweni nezinhlamvu oqanjiwe. Empeleni, inoveli yakhe, UTolstoy wanikeza enemininingwane ezingokwengqondo portrait zomlando ka wonke umphakathi eRussia, kusukela uMbusi u-Alexander futhi serfs ophela ifa noma Rostovs Bolkonskis.

Epic kungombana main, emnyombweni umsebenzi umcimbi ngokomlando esibalulekile kuleli lizwe iyonke, lonke isimo futhi ngamunye kuwo - ayehlasela kukaNapoleon ekulweni naso. Le mpi owema hhayi kuphela impi, hhayi kuphela izicukuthwane njengoba wasemuva eyinhloko oda ekhona, kodwa abantu, wona kanye serfs, okuyinto ecindezelekile le autocracy.

Yiqiniso, isifinyezo sezinto "Impi Nokuthula" ayikwazi ukuqukatha futhi baveze yonke impahla, ngokwezinga eligcwele ngenhloso yombhali, imininingwane zokuphila kwabantu abaseBhayibhelini esithandayo. In esinjalo imikhawulo ewumngcingo kubo angakhuluma Imibandela kuphela. Futhi okwamanje ...

Indaba nezinhlamvu

Umbhali ligxile umlando nemindeni yethu yizicukuthwane ezintathu - Bezukhov Bolkonsky, Rostov. Ngo isifinyezo "Impi Nokuthula" bayohlanganisa indaba ngomunye wabo - Pierre.

Bezukhova - wohlanga olukhulu Russian kuzalwa. Ecebile ephakeme kakhulu kubo, Prince Cyril, ezifayo, ushiya konke esimweni sakhe fabulous wenzalo engumlanjwana - Pierre, insizwa, kushisa, ngobuqotho, ukuzikhohlisa, efundile phesheya wathatha khona imibono alibheke wamavukelambuso. Akazange abe umzenzisi, njengoba abaningi emhlabeni omkhulu. Phakathi imisebenzi hero uzokwenza eziningi amaphutha, beza kuye ukuqonda sina. Uyazi amanga futhi nginomuzwa wokuthi kudlalwa ngami othandweni, meanness - ubungane, ukukhungatheka - ekufuneni zokuziphatha ebhizinisini umninindlu. Nokho, Ukuhlanzeka kokuziphatha nokungokomoya ka Pierre, isifiso esiqotho sokwenza okuhle ngempela, ukuletha ezinhle kubantu, nentshiseko ngokwengeziwe, kodwa ebukhali, ingqondo ezibucayi, ukusiza hero azithola ekuso, waqaphela ukuthi elikhanyayo zomphakathi sibalo nanjengesihambi omkhulu umndeni. "Impi Nokuthula" in the Isifingqo ikuvumela kokukhumbula izigaba esibaluleke kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe:

• ukufika e-Russia, ifa ezingalindelekile, esasikhipha it ephakeme umbuthano yizicukuthwane Petra Kirillovitch Bezukhova, ukungakwazi ukuhlukanisa yesikhashana artificiality waseshashalazini kusukela seqiniso nokwethembeka;
• wa ngaphakathi thanda nga "umzimba ocebile" Helene Kuragin eshada lona wesifazane antule neyamanga;
• Duel nge Dolokhov, ukushaqeka ayenakho ukuba abeke izandla phezu komuntu. Incazelo nomkakhe, ukuqonda, ukukhungatheka emkhayeni, abesifazane ngokwabo. Umhlangano no-Bazdeevym kanye nogqozi Umsebenzi Wamatshe;
• Ukuqalwa phakathi Masons, uhambo imizi yakhe eningizimu, ngomzamo ukuletha ukuze kuhluleke ngokuphelele;
• ekuhlangabezaneni Prince Andrew, ukukhuluma naye, kuhlanganise ingxoxo ekhumbulekayo isikebhe;
• ukuxhumana Rostov, uNatasha, injabulo Andrew bazisole ngokuthi kwakungelona Isiphelo sakhe;
• izinhlamvu emuva uNatasha Prince Andrew, uzwela yakhe ejulile nosizi simemezelo ngokuzumayo uthando. Umhlangano ne inkanyezi enomsila, presages impi e '12;
• iqhaza izidlamlilo eMoscow, kwashona iphupho Napoleon;
• Ukuthunjelwa, usizi aba nalo lapho isigwebo sokufa;
• nokuzalwa kabusha ngaphansi kwethonya uPlato Karataeva, ukuqonda njengoba uhlamvu lwenhlabathi kule nhlangano okuphakade wokuphila, umphefumulo wakhe ongafi, okungakwazi azungezwe emaketangeni;
• okujabulisayo bokuzwana Natasha futhi bahlanganyela kokuzalwa ukunyakaza Decembrist eRussia.

Ngezindlela eziningi, ukukhula kwakhe okungokomoya, ekuthuthukiseni abantu ubophekile ukuba Pierre Andreyu Bolkonskomu, umngani umeluleki, ngimthanda ezasekela futhi waqondisa iqhawe lapho kwakuphambana khona ikusasa. Natasha Rostov, Pierre ikhanyisa ukuphila uthando lweqiniso, nazo futhi, zaba ngaye ukusekelwa ngokomoya kakhulu, sibonga ngalo waba yini waba.