Jikelele izinzwa - kuyini? Izinhlobo ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa. Amalungiselelo izinzwa

ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile, edume ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile", eyenza umsebenzi obalulekile kakhulu impilo - izinzwa phakathi nokuhlinzwa. Kuyinto ngenxa izinzwa, isiguli kufuduka ukusebenza ubuhlungu-free, okuyinto bandisa nokuphila yayo.

ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile. Kuyini futhi iyini injongo yokusetshenziswa kwawo

Enkabeni yalo, izinzwa kuyinto ulele zwi ubuthongo, okuyinto eyayenziwe okubangwa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile. izakhiwo zabo ngakho ukulala kufana kakhulu eziphilayo.

Of izinhlobo eziningana izinzwa , ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile ingenye ezinzima kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izinhlobo izinzwa, ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile ingenye umehluko ezinkulu: uma isetshenziswa emizimbeni izinzwa hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi amvalele phansi ukwazi lesiguli.

Uma usebenzisa izinzwa inikeza analgesia, ukulahlekelwa amandla okukhumbula futhi aziphumulele. Phakathi ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile isiguli uphumule zonke izicubu zomzimba, ngaphezu kwalokho, awusebenzi ubuhlungu noma ukhumbule ukuthi inqubo msebenzi.

Kulesi simo, ekuvaleni kwazo zonke abazwela ngayo, ezifana ubuhlungu, izinga lokushisa, nabanye abaningi.

Lokho umsebenzi oyinhloko ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile ukwethulwa umuntu kwisimo lapho Awukwazi ukuhambisa, uzizwa ukungenelela likadokotela ohlinzayo op futhi uneminye imizwa kusukela imisebenzi.

izinhlobo izinzwa

izinzwa Jikelele sehlukaniswe 3 izinhlobo, kuye ngokuthi umzila nokuphatha imithi yokubulala izinzwa (izinzwa izidakamizwa). Zokubulala izinzwa kungenzeka zaphathwa isiguli ngu ephefumula (nge isifonyo), ngemithambo yegazi (nge ipayipi) futhi indlela kuhlanganiswe.

Uma kuba emifushane (imizuzu engu-30), ukusebenza, akukho ingozi ukuthi okuqukethwe isisu lingena emaphashini (nenshisekelo), futhi ngenkathi isiguli azigcina uphefumula ngokuvamile, idivayisi ezengeziwe inikeza umgudu ayidingekile. Kulokhu kungenzeka ukusebenzisa lezi zinhlobo izinzwa njengoba buso noma emthanjeni.

Uma umuntu ebulawe izinzwa isiguli ukuphefumula enkingeni, noma kukhona ingozi isifiso, lo obulala izinzwa usebenzisa umshini ekhethekile enikeza umgudu futhi ivikela emaphashini kusukela nenshisekelo. Kulesi simo, ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile unegama - intubation. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, antiseptics ingasatshenziswa isiguli njengenhlangano ephefumula, ngemithambo yegazi noma inhlanganisela.

kanjani ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile

Kungakhathaliseki indlela yokuphathwa, lo obulala izinzwa lucwaningo inqubo efanayo. Yena noma umsizi wakhe oluneziqhingi iyiphi umthambo neuropathy, ezifana ibhodi lemisindo noma uhlangothi, futhi wethula kuwo ipayipi ekhethekile eyenziwe ngepulasitiki (ezinjengokuthi "butterfly" noma "vazofiks"). Khona-ke udokotela ixhuma ku-isithupha isiqeshana ekhethekile, okuyinto uqaphe ukuphefumula lesiguli. Ngemva le izinzwa ubeka ehlombe a cuff ekhethekile, okuyinto ukukala blood pressure, futhi unamathele esifubeni electrode ekhethekile lapho uqaphe ukushaya kwenhliziyo yesiguli. Ngemuva yokuxhuma zonke kunesidingo usungaqala ukwethula izinzwa jikelele.

Kuyini lokhu? Kungani lokhu zokuqapha yenhliziyo nokuphefumula? Okungukuthi, ukuze bakwazi ngokuqhubekayo agcine umsebenzi umgudu wokuphefumula futhi senhliziyo, njalo nokuqapha isimo lesiguli.

Kwaze kwaba yilapho sebeshiye evulekile ukuqapha ngokugcwele ukusebenza inhliziyo kanye ukuphefumula, ufake ipayipi, okuvumela ukufinyelela nokuphathwa izidakamizwa, nezidakamizwa alekelelayo imijovo, ama-izinzwa iqala ukukhululeka ubuhlungu uhlobo somzimba ikakhulukazi ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa.

Bangaki lihamba kude ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile

Ngeke kube lula kangaka ukusho esingakanani isiguli uzokwazi ukulihambisa izinzwa. Konke kuncike amaphuzu athile, ezifana uhlobo kanye nesikhathi ukuhlinzwa, uhlobo umthamo izinzwa kanye nezinye izinkomba ezahlukene.

On Awakening kusukela ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile ngezinye izikhathi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa bese amahora ngezinye izikhathi ezimbalwa. Empeleni, emva kokuhlinzwa usuphothuliwe, lo dokotela isiguli evuka namanje egumbini lokuhlinza, kodwa ukwazi isiguli iza kuphela ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile.

Izidakamizwa ngoba ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile

Izidakamizwa ngoba narcosis kuyakhethwa kuye ngokuthi yiziphi indlela uzobe ebulala izinzwa udle. Uma usebenzisa i inqubo lapho ephefumula, kanti isiguli inhales Ukhuphula izinkungu noma umoya ngokusebenzisa tube endotracheal noma buso ekhethekile, kungasetshenziswa imithi efana diethyl elithi ether, dinitrogen oxide, isoflurane, enflurane futhi halothane.

izindlela Neingalyatsionnyh angasebenza emthanjeni, intracolonic, esicutshini noma ngomlomo. Ukuze izinzwa zezingane uvame esetshenziswa indlela 3.

imithi yokubulala izinzwa Neingalyatsionnyh kungenzeka izidakamizwa ezifana "propofol" "Altezin" "propanidid", "Ketamine" "viadril" Sodium hydroxybutyrate futhi barbituratory okusezingeni eliphezulu, isibonelo i-sodium noma thiopental "hexenal".

Yikuphi izidakamizwa uyongena nesineke ngamunye, obulala izinzwa kungenzeka ucacise lapho ukhetha i-izidakamizwa, okwenza ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile. "Kuyini, singakanani isikhathi ongasichitha ku nokuvuselelwa, futhi yini imiphumela emibi evela izidakamizwa," - zonke lezi zinkinga kungaba, unganqikazi ukucela udokotela, ngubani ubophekile ukuba ayiphendule.

I-side effects ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile

Yiqiniso, ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile aluphumeleli benganakwa, ke kushiya njengoba side effects, futhi abanye uhlobo inkinga. ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile phakathi nokuhlinzwa kubonisani ngemva izimpawu isicelo ezifana:

- ikhanda noma isiyezi;

- isicanucanu nokuhlanza;

- ukudideka yokucabanga;

- ukudideka;

- ukusangana;

- ubuthongo thuthuva;

- kwemisipha ubuhlungu;

- ndikindiki emikhawulweni;

- Ukugodola;

- ukulunywa;

- inkulumo disorder;

- ubuthulu;

- umphimbo obuhlungu.

Bamba nezimpawu ezifanayo ngesikhathi kuze umuntu asuka izinzwa, ngezinye izikhathi nemiphumela ebuhlungu okungase kuthintwe izinsuku ezimbili.

Ezinye imiphumela ngokusungula indlela yokubulala izinzwa

Futhi, ngemva izinzwa kungenzeka nezinkinga ezithile noma ukusabela kabi komzimba. On the ingxenye esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi bangezwa ukuboshwa inhliziyo. On the ingxenye umgudu wokuphefumula - isifo esihlobene namaphaphu noma ukucindezeleka zokuphefumula. Kusukela isimiso sezinzwa - kwezinye izindawo nozwela ukuhlukumeza.

Into eyinhloko uma uhlangabezana izimpawu simbe ngesikhathi xhumana nodokotela wakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema nemiphumela engathi sína nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa zilulame ngokushesha.

Ngokuvamile iziguli ukwesaba kuphela igama elithi "ukubulawa kwezinzwa okuvamile". Kuyini - usuvele wafunda, izinzwa akuyona into eyesabisa, kungcono nje isenzo asizayo ngo ukusebenza, futhi uma sisetshenziswa kahle umonakalo kusuka izinzwa incane, kungaba ukuqinisekisa noma yimuphi obulala izinzwa.