Izinkambiso yobukhulu lesizalo by ultrasound ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi emva kokubeletha. Usayizi ovamile kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ku ultrasound ngo intsha kanye nabantu abadala. Ubukhulu wesibeletho of ultrasound: evamile

Ultrasound noma ultrasonography kuyinto uphenyo yezitho zangaphakathi esebenzisa amaza omsindo. Amagagasi kubonakala kusukela izitho zangaphakathi, kulotshwe esebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile udale izithombe izingxenye yokwakheka. Kulokhu, awusebenzisi ionizing emisebeni (-X-ray). I evamile usayizi kwesibeletho ku ultrasound ngo abadala kube inkomba impilo uhlelo genitourinary kwabesifazane.

Ukuze abesifazane, lolu cwaningo uvame esetshenziswa ukuhlola kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ngaphambi, ngemuva futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuqapha iziphathimandla zezempilo, ukuthuthukiswa umbungu noma umbungu. Ultrasound izithombe ziqoshwe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze bakwazi ukukhombisa ukunyakaza kwezicubu zangaphakathi kwezitho zomzimba ezifana ukugeleza kwegazi e ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni nelifakayo. ngokuvumelana US usayizi kuyinsakavukela kwesibeletho athuthukiswe futhi yakhelwe yimuphi umbandela yowesifazane.

Kwesibeletho, usayizi waso

Kwesibeletho itholakala ukhalo. Nakuba ngokuvamile isakhiwo phakathi, ukuphambuka lateral kwesibeletho akuyona into engavamile. umsipha Okubanzi kwesibeletho kusuka ekwandiseni singatsheki odongeni okhalo. Zinemilayezo amashubhu fallopian nempahla.

Izinkambiso usayizi kwesibeletho ku ultrasound amayelana. Jwayelekile omdala kwesibeletho has a Usayizi kusuka 7.0 kuya 9.0 cm (ubude) ngu 4.5 kuya 6.0 cm (ububanzi) nokusuka 2.5 kuya 3.5 cm (ukujula). Isibalo yokugcina ubizwa nangokuthi anterior-posterior ubukhulu.

Phakathi menopause kwesibeletho kuyehla ngobukhulu, futhi yoma endometrial. Sikhanyisiwe futhi kungase kutholakale ubukhulu evamile kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ku ultrasound.

ngokuvumelana US kwezinkambiso usayizi lesizalo

Lapho ezikhiqiza amaqanda ibhekane involution, kukhona ukwehla ezihambisana ekukhiqizeni i-estrogen. Lokhu kuholela yoma akusheshi futhi involution we endometrium. Ngo abesifazane postmenopausal, kusho ukujiya endometrial kumakwe njengokwenziwe 3.2 +/- 0.5 mm.

Ucwaningo ngokuvamile wembula lobudlelwano phakathi ubukhulu kwesibeletho kanye nesikhathi kusukela menopause usayizi lesizalo nevolumu kancane kancane. Izinguquko enkulu enzeka phakathi neminyaka yokuqala ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi nambili kuya kwabadala, bese kancane kancane.

Ngo postmenopausal obusa usayizi lesizalo of ultrasound: eside 8.0 +/- 1.3 cm, 5.0 +/- 0.8 cm ububanzi, 3.2 +/- 0.6 cm ukujula (anteroposterior usayizi).

Uma kungekho umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, izinguquko ezalandela supply lesizalo igazi ngokuvamile awuxhomekile. Uma isiguli yokwelapha kwama-hormone, usayizi esibelethweni, endometrium futhi izinguquko eyindilinga angahlala. Ngisho ubukhulu kwesibeletho eduze ukuthi zombuso premenopausal.

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa estrogen kuthinta postmenopausal endometrium efana estrogen umjikelezo ovamile. estrogens Conjugated nethonya proliferative. ukwelashwa Progestogen kungaholela yokuthi uqala endometrium asabele ngendlela ezifana evamile endometrium secretory.

Futhi lapho isetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-estrogen exogenous, zokwenziwa progestogens ukukhiqiza kabusha izinguquko isici morphological kanye kwamakhemikhali esigabeni secretory of normal menstrual cycle. Izinguquko nokugeleza kwegazi eliya kwesibeletho e seziguli ezithola ukwelashwa kwama-hormone. ukujiya Endometrial lenyuka cishe kabili. Ngokwesibonelo, ngaphambi kokuba ukwelashwa, ukushuba kwabikwa 0,37 +/- 0.08 cm. Ngemva amagugu ukwelashwa babe 0.68 +/- 0.13 cm.

Lapho abesifazane ukufundelwa abesifazane postmenopausal nomunye izicelo ebaluleke kakhulu ultrasound uphethwe kanye nokwelashwa umdlavuza endometrial. Ukufunda ngezinto ezinjalo zisisiza ukuba sithole olingene kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ku ultrasound. Futhi ngokuvamile, ultrasound intravaginal luphakeme amathuba transabdominal ukubona ngeso we myometrium futhi endometrium.

M-echo. Kuyini lokhu

Lolu cwaningo akulinganiswa kuphela ubukhulu kwesibeletho. Ngokusho izinga US M-echo - futhi kube inkomba obalulekile. Iveza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-endometrium futhi ukuzimisela kwayo ukwamukela iqanda eselivundisiwe. It is kulinganiswa ngo izigaba ezahlukene umjikelezo futhi kunemingcele ethile.

Endometrium esesikhathini selivela a mncane strip echogenic 1-4 mm ukujiya, kodwa kuhluka 4 kuya kwezingu-8 mm esigabeni proliferative. Isigaba secretory emva nge-ovulation nezindlala endometrial inkanuko futhi endometrium livela njengendlela eyohlobo echogenic strip ukujiya kusuka 8 kuya ku-15 mm.

kuyinsakavukela

Siyaqhubeka cabanga onjalo kuyinkomba ebaluleke njengoba usayizi kwesibeletho ku ultrasound. Kuyini ngesilinganiso M-echo?

wangaphakathi igobolondo ukujiya 5 mm noma kancane lalivamile e abesifazane postmenopausal futhi enokwethenjelwa akufaki umdlavuza kwabesifazane. Nokho, ukushuba we endometrium 8 mm ingatholakala ku abesifazane postmenopausal yokwelapha hormone. It kuyafaneleka ukucabangela eminye izifundo zokuxilonga kwabesifazane postmenopausal nge ukushuba endometrial engaphezu kuka 8 mm, ukuze ungabi nomdlavuza endometrial.

siqambe umdlavuza

izimpawu Sonographic yomdlavuza endometrial e abesifazane postmenopausal zihlanganisa:

• isiteshi egcwele uketshezi;
• uqweqwe lesizalo umgodi;
• kwesibeletho lakhulisiwe;
• isifo lesizalo nezinguquko ephethenini echo.

Ngisho US luye lwabonisa nakanjani khona kanye degree of sokuhlasela myometrial. Lezi ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi inembe kunazo uphethwe preoperative angavumela choice esifanele yokwelapha angaholela imiphumela engcono.

Uma ukujiya endometrial 8 mm noma ngaphansi in iziguli ukopha post-menopausal, uphethwe yini, "umdlavuza endometrial" ingatholakala nokususa. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukushuba we endometrium e abesifazane postmenopausal engaphezu kuka-10 mm futhi kufanele kube ukusihlola ngu biopsy noma curettage ukuvimbela Hyperplasia noma umdlavuza. Abanye abacwaningi baye babonisa Umbuso indawo ye Doppler ultrasound ngo komdlavuza endometrial. Abacwaningi ukuchaza ukwanda egazini flow lesizalo Umthambo esolwa isimila in iziguli esibulalayo: normal ukugeleza kwegazi kungatholakala cishe kuzo zonke amacala carcinoma endometrial kanye lesizalo Sarcoma. Nge umbala Doppler, okutholakele normal zihlanganisa khona, ngezikhathi basakaza izitsha okungajwayelekile mncane futhi pathologic kanye isignali ukugeleza rate.

Kungani ukukala wesibeletho

Wonke umuntu wesifazane okhulelwe isengozini eshaqisayo yokuba preterm lokuzalwa, kodwa abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu ngeke kwenzeke kubo. Lapho ebhekene nale, cabanga lokuvimbela izifundo ezengeziwe. Okungabizi futhi ayinangozi ultrasound yokuhlola, lapho udokotela ukuxilonga esisongela preterm zabasebenzi.

ucwaningo oluningana luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-ultrasound-rate wesibeletho nge amasonto angu-20 kuya kwangu-24 okukhulelwa - kuyinto inkomba enamandla wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi. Ubude wesibeletho kungenziwa kakhulu ngokunembile kukalwa ultrasound transvaginal. Uma owesifazane akuyona ukhulelwe, ubukhulu wesibeletho ku ultrasound (evamile) lemali mayelana 4 cm.

Kuyini kokunciphisa wesibeletho?

It is wafakazela ukuthi at 24 amasonto sokukhulelwa, ubukhulu isilinganiso wesibeletho -. 3.5 cm Uma isibalo singamaphesenti esingaphansi 2.2 cm, abesifazane nazo ithuba ezingamaphesenti angu-20 wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi. Futhi lapho ubude 1.5 cm noma ingozi kancane nokuguqulwa preterm lokuzalwa cishe amaphesenti angu-50. Ubude kulindeleke ukuthi yehle njengoba ukukhulelwa iqhubeka.

wesibeletho Ubukhulu ultrasonography (evamile):

• 16-20 amaviki - 4.0-4.5 cm;
• at amasonto 24-28 ilingana 3.5-4.0 cm
• at amasonto 32-36 - 3.0-3.5 cm.

Odokotela abaningi linqume owesifazane ultrasound transabdominal ngesikhathi imayelana 20 amasonto. Uma ubude lingaphansi kuka-4 cm, okwenza ultrasound transvaginal ukuze uthole a silinganiso esinembile.

wesibeletho iDemo phakathi kwamaviki 20 no-24 - uphawu yingozi.

ungabona kokubili phezulu kanye phansi wesibeletho ngu ultrasonography transvaginal. Kulokhu, kubukeka sengathi uphondo. Ingxenye ububanzi we uphondo esiseduzane umzimba kwesibeletho, futhi ingxenye encane itholakala maqondana sangasese. Lapho wesibeletho mfushane nakakhulu, izobukeka a "V" phezu ultrasound.

Ngo wesibeletho evamile has simise tube. Bangaphezu kuka-50 amaphesenti abesifazane abakhulelwe ku zokugula lokhu sitho zenzeka wazalwa kungakabi isikhathi.

usayizi lesizalo at ultrasound

Norma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa incike ubude sokukhulelwa. Uhlelo isikhathi ukubala eyafakwa sokukhulelwa sonography nesilinganiso umbungu kanye lesizalo usayizi kwezitho ngabanye.

Uma wenza isicelo ukuqhathanisa kanye nezithelo, ubukhulu kwesibeletho ku ultrasound (kuyinsakavukela mm) zimi kanje.

1. Ngaphambi ukukhulelwa, isibeletho siyabonakala futhi ngokuthi ingakanani i orange futhi akachaziwe.

2. isikhathi mayelana 12 Emasontweni onke okukhulelwa kwesibeletho iba usayizi kwangangopapamusi. Uma bephethe amawele, isibeletho siqala ukufinyela zikhule ngokushesha. 3. Ngesikhathi amasonto 13-26, kwesibeletho ikhula nenkundla sasigaya upopo. Phansi kwesibeletho unawe isikhathi kusukela esizalweni inkaba.

4. Kusukela amasonto 18-20 ingabe udokotela balinganise ibanga ithambo pubic phansi kwesibeletho. Kuyinto ukuphakama emi kwesibeletho. Usayizi ngokuvamile uhambisana ngesonto yokukhulelwa.

Uma usayizi kwesibeletho iyona sokukhulelwa esifanayo, bese kuwuphawu lokuthi yonke into ihamba kahle. Uma izinga likhulu kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu, kungase kusho abanye inkinga yokukhulelwa. Kungadinga ukuhlola okungeziwe. Udokotela udinga ukwazi ubukhulu kwesibeletho ku ultrasound. Norma sokukhulelwa lesi sibalo sisho ukuthi yonke into isebenza njengoba kufanele.

5. Ngesikhathi senyanga yesithathu, ukukhula esibelethweni iphela futhi iba nenkundla ikhabe. Sinini isikhathi ukulethwa, isibeletho siyabonakala futhi ezansi yezinyoni ubambo, futhi ngaphambi kokuzalwa kumelwe bawe ngezansi ukhalo.

puerperium

Yiziphi ubukhulu kwesibeletho emva kokubeletha? ngokuvumelana US kuyinsakavukela oluhambisana sokukhulelwa. Ngemva cishe usuku noma ezimbili emva kokuzalwa kwesibeletho silingana amaviki 18 kanye ukwehla ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo. Uma ukuphulukiswa uya ngqo ngokohlelo, ngesonto elilandelayo kuyoba ubukhulu kwesibeletho 12 Emasontweni onke okukhulelwa, futhi kuleli viki lesithupha, kufanele ubuyele lingakanani evamile.

amaqanda

Ezikhiqiza amaqanda ngokuvamile zitholakala nhlangothi zombili kwesibeletho, nakuba kulolu cwaningo ukucacisa izindawo zabo ngenhla noma ngemuva kwesibeletho - akukhona okungavamile ukuba likhithike. Esibelethweni ngokuvamile owawuba phambi bifurcation izitsha phezu anterior kanye posterior amagatsha. Ukuze imaging ngempumelelo ezikhiqiza amaqanda sidinga ukufinyelela ezinhle. Phakathi amaqanda menopause nezinguquko, libhekene ngincipha ngobukhulu kanye ukungabikho folliculogenesis. Eqinisweni, ukuhlonza onokwethenjelwa esibelethweni, ezimweni eziningi, kungenziwa ngokubonisa i simila wesibeletho lapho follicle lizungezwe parenchyma. Ngezinye izikhathi kufanele iphendukele ukuskena eduze ukuqondanisa imithambo iliac yangaphakathi, ukuthola indawo yayo.

Ngokuvamile wasembula lobudlelwano phakathi usayizi wesibeletho kanye isikhathi langemva kusukela esikhathini menopause: usayizi wesibeletho ngokuqhubekayo incipha nge sikhathi. Nokho, seziguli ezithola ukwelashwa i-hormone, ungabona akukho ushintsho umthamo wesibeletho.

usayizi

I evamile post-menopausal abesifazane Ubukhulu wesibeletho ka 1.3 +/- 0.5 cm ^3. Njengoba kungekho menstrual cycle menopause Nokho izinguquko wesibeletho liningi igazi ngokuvamile akambonanga ezifundweni e postmenopausal evamile.

Nokho, lezi zinguquko eyindilinga, kungase kube sobala, uma isiguli yokwelapha hormone. Empeleni, isibonelo premenopausal wesibeletho ukugeleza kwegazi e abesifazane postmenopausal okufanele isishukumisele udokotela ukuthola umlando hormone yokwelapha noma umdlavuza izinguquko. Ultrasound futhi doppler kungaba usizo olukhulu kule kwamangqamuzana izinqubo ingozi nesibulalayo. Buciko lesizalo Doppler ultrasound for ezihlobene luzakwenziwa:

• phakathi kwezinsuku 3-10 of umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini;
• phakathi kwezinsuku 3-10 kwabesifazane postmenopausal, uma lowo wesifazane ku-hormone okuthiwa i replacement therapy;
• nganoma yisiphi isikhathi abesifazane postmenopausal ngaphandle kokwelashwa.

Ngakho, hhayi kuphela phakathi nenkathi yokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukwazi ubukhulu kwesibeletho ku ultrasound. Yinto evamile ukukhuluma le nkomba, kanye usayizi wesibeletho - Isiboniso ebalulekile empilweni yabesifazane aphila kunoma iyiphi inkathi.

Ukusetshenziswa besifazane ababengewona ama-abakhulelwe

Kunezizathu eziningi zase-US, kuhlanganise:

• zokugula izakhiwo okhalo;
• ukopha simbe lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane;
• ubuhlungu okhalo;
• okusolakala ukhulela ethunjini;
• ukungazali;
• availabilty izinhlumba noma lesizalo fibroids;
• hlola nokubekwa efanele IUD.

Izinkambiso usayizi kwesibeletho ku ultrasound kuxhomeke endleleni endala yowesifazane, njengoba ayenakho nenkathi yokukhulelwa nokubeletha, kwenzeka njengoba kokuya esikhathini, njll Manje cabanga umehluko izinkomba ngobudala.

ubukhulu omdala kwesibeletho

Uyini olingene kwesibeletho ku ultrasound ngo abadala? Mayelana 7 amasentimitha ubude futhi 4 cm ububanzi ukujiya, plus noma lokususa ambalwa ngamasentimitha. Lawa isledovany idatha mnoletnih.

Lezi zinombolo - ngesilinganiso usayizi lesizalo by ultrasound kwabadala. Njengomthetho, kukhona nokwanda ngobukhulu, uma owesifazane waba nesiqalo. Fibroids ungenza lezi izilinganiso Nokho, likhulu kakhulu, njengoba adenomyosis.

Testes Usayizi ngokuvamile ephakathi kuka 2 no 3 ngamasentimitha. Yiqiniso, ivolumu kwandisa uma kukhona follicle ezinkulu noma isimila.

Ubukhulu phambi ukuthomba

Yini kulesi simo ubukhulu kwesibeletho ku ultrasound? Norm prepubertal (ngaphambi ukuthomba) imayelana 3.5 cm ubude, kanye ukushuba isilinganiso 1 cm. Ukushukuma kwama-hormone ezenzeka ukuthomba kuholela ekwandeni okusheshayo futhi izinguquko usayizi lesizalo.

Ubukhulu emva kokuthomba

Ubude evamile kwalesi sikhathi imayelana 7.6 cm, nobubanzi - evamile 4.5 cm ukushuba esijwayelekile -. 3.0 cm.

Ngakho, ubukhulu evamile kwesibeletho ku ultrasound ngo indlela intsha eziphatha ngayo normal menstrual cycle kuphela ukuhluka usayizi esibelethweni nowesifazane osekhulile.

Ngemva menopause kwesibeletho, ngokuvamile kuyancipha ngobukhulu, futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda angagcina abe bengekho ngaphezu kwama-izicubu izinsalela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubukhulu evamile kwesibeletho futhi ezikhiqiza amaqanda ku ultrasound ngo-menopause encishisiwe kakhulu.

isiphetho

Ngakho iziphi ezomhlaba?

Kukholakala ukuthi ubukhulu kwesibeletho ku ultrasound (kuyinsakavukela mm) e abesifazane:

• obuphelele - 70;
• ububanzi - eduze 55;
• usayizi anteroposterior - 40 mm.

kuthiwa namasayizi amakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi kubhekwe ukuba sokugembula. Kodwa kulokhu kubalulekile ukuqhuba isifundo ukuqeda fibroids, adenomyosis, kwezinso azalwa naso, nokukhulelwa.