Izinhlobo ungangenisi amanzi. Nokuvikela ukwakhiwa. ingilazi Liquid ukuze ungangenisi amanzi

Kuvikelwa amanzi adingwa zonke evele kanye izakhiwo lapho phakathi ukusetshenziswa kungenzeka nabo umswakama. Uma kuwukuthi indlu ezweni ke lapha kuzomele sifake bophahla, emagumbini angaphansi kwezakhiwo izisekelo. Ngaphakathi efulethini ekhaya noma indlu yangasese kanye nezindlu zangasese, lapho kungenzeka ekhukhulayo namatshe avuzayo.

Ngaphakathi izakhiwo kudingeka ungangenisi amanzi ukwahlukanisa izinto, okumele uvikeleke emvuleni ukufingqa. Vikela impahla kusukela amanzi kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela lapho kukhona kungenzeka sokungena kwayo, kodwa futhi lapho condensate nokugeza amanzi ezingadala zibulale isakhiwo. Ukuze wenze lokhu namuhla ngokusebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ungangenisi amanzi, okungase ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka indawo yokusetshenziswa nenjongo.

Izinhlobonhlobo ungangenisi amanzi endaweni yesicelo kanye nesikhathi ukusetshenziswa

Uma ucabangela izinhlobo ungangenisi amanzi kufanele kube ukumazi kangcono izinto, okuyinto ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka indawo ukusetshenziswa. Izinto imisebenzi enjalo ingasetshenziswa isicelo kwangaphandle nangekhatsi. ungangenisi amanzi Yangaphakathi - lahlukene izindlela ezingaba ukuvikela izinto kusukela amanzi endlini. Lokhu kumele kufake umsebenzi nokuvikela phansi futhi izindonga egumbini lokugezela.

umklamo yangaphandle isebenzisa ungangenisi amanzi zangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, isisekelo kudingeka ivikelwe ngaphansi komhlaba. Uma ucabangela izinhlobo ungangenisi amanzi, ikakhulukazi izinto ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka ngesikhathi ukusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ungangenisi amanzi kungaba zamabanga aphansi naphezulu. Primary lisetshenziswe esigabeni yezokwakha into, kuyilapho yesibili esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma ngasizathu simbe ungangenisi amanzi eyinhloko okulimele noma cha angabhekana ngayo imisebenzi ke izenzo ezilandelayo ukuze ungangenisi amanzi yesibili. Isembozo ubudala kumelwe kususwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ehlwengekileko, bese ukusebenzisa ungqimba entsha ungangenisi amanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi ubuchwepheshe isetshenziswa lapho ungqimba entsha sisetshenziswa phezu eyodwa ubudala.

Izinhlobonhlobo nokuvikela ngenhloso kanye nezici

Imihlobo ehlukeneko ungangenisi amanzi ethulwa emakethe namuhla. Abakwazi zihlukaniswe izici nenjongo, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo:

• protivonapornuyu;
• pressureless;
• protivokapillyarnuyu;
• olukha phezulu;
• uphawu.

Protivonapornaya esetshenziselwa Ukuvikelwa ngokumelene ingcindezi amanzi omuhle. Uma izinga komhlaba siphakeme ngokwanele, ingaphandle engaphansi izindonga kumele zivikelwe protivonapornoy ungangenisi amanzi. Isebenzisa izinto okuyinto bayakwazi ingakuzwa ingcindezi amanzi omuhle.

ungangenisi amanzi Pressureless isicelo uma kudingekile ukuvikela isakhiwo amanzi ingcindezi ezimbi. Leyo misebenzi kungadingeka ngesikhathi esindayo imvula noma entwasahlobo izikhukhula buthelela emhlabeni isisekelo. Protivokapillyarnaya ungangenisi amanzi impahla kusiza ukuvikela ngenxa yokwenyuka manzi ngokusebenzisa ama-capillary. Imisebenzi enjalo kudingeka ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziningi esakhiweni unekhono ncela amanzi, okuyinto ngemuva kokwenyuka kwezinga eliphezulu. isitini futhi ukhonkolo kufanele zabelwe phakathi kwabanye.

Lesitshalo ngokwendlela indlela yelungiselelo ungangenisi amanzi

Uma ucabangela izinhlobo ungangenisi amanzi, futhi uyofunda kabanzi mayelana izinto, okuyinto oluthathwa by indlela yelungiselelo bangaba nobuhlobo naye babe:

• Paint;
• abaluphahleka;
• inkatho;
• umjovo;
• mountable;
• ifilimu;
• Obmazochnaya;
• kraftliner;
• impregnation;
• ngobuningi;
• kwesakhiwo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ungangenisi amanzi

Ungangenisi amanzi kwezakhiwo ngokuvamile eyenziwe coating yama-materials, okuyinto amelwa mastics, ezimbili-ingxenye futhi izakhiwo nokunwebeka eyodwa-ngxenye. isicelo yabo iqhutshwa ngaphakathi ukushuba ungqimba 2 mm kuya ku-6 cm. ukwakhiwa ungangenisi amanzi anjalo isetshenziselwa ukuvikela zangaphandle izici isakhiwo.

Kaningi esetshenziselwa ebusweni ungangenisi amanzi izisekelo ukuze bazivikele komhlaba. I-mastic ingasetshenziswa izicelo ingaphakathi. Kulokhu, basibekele ezindongeni engaphansi noma yokugezela. Ukusebenzisa ebusweni ungangenisi amanzi ongaqeda ufa.

Obmazochnye izinto ayizakhi bituminous. Phakathi izinzuzo ikhambi elinjalo bungabonakala cheapness. Nokho, zikhona nemiphumela ethile engathandeki ukuthi ivezwa brittleness ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphansi. Incwadi uma ikhuluma ngebitume uqala kuyaqina, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla ngezansi zero. Uma ngalesi sikhathi kuzokwenzeka ukusonteka, kuzobangela kumiswa imifantu futhi amakhefu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto ezibonakalayo kungase izinhlayiya zeqhwa off ebusweni ngaso sonke.

mastic Bituminous for nokuvikela ukulungele iminyaka mayelana 6. Indaba ahlahlele ngezinye izikhathi ngemva imijikelezo emine ebusika. I ethile nge ungangenisi amanzi anjalo futhi ingozi nge ibitume ashisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusweni kudinga ukulungiselelwa ngokucophelela. Kufanele kucace kusuka ukuthutheleka, doti, uthuli nodaka.

Sebethule ebusweni ungangenisi amanzi kungenzeka kuphela kwenziwe nesomiso. Njengoba zonke izici yalena ndlela, kumele kuphetfwe ezingase the asphalt mastic ukuze ungangenisi amanzi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni lapho okungenzeka ukuvuza lincane ngokwanele. Lokhu kumele kufake isibonelo lapho izinga komhlaba uphansi. ophahleni Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo asihlobene, ngoba emakhazeni ufa ukhonkolo kanye ice kubangela amakhefu impahla. Ngenxa yalokho, ebusweni entwasahlobo ilahlekelwa yobunzima.

Izici abami lwezimpawu wokubacindezela

Abami lwezimpawu wokubacindezela kuhilela ukusetshenziswa roll ezibonakalayo, ezingashabalala zibekwa ngendlela ezelekene. Le ndlela isetshenziswa kuphela yangaphandle protivonapornoy ungangenisi amanzi. I izixazululo ethandwa kakhulu abantu abazokwenza umsebenzi onjalo yilezi:

• ukufulela;
• ukufulela;
• izinto bituminous esekelwe ingilazi;
• asphalt;
• polymerized ibitume izinto;
• rezinobitumy.

Uma ungangenisi amanzi yangaphandle kuzokwenziwa ngosizo imiqulu esine polymer izithasiselo, sizokwazi ukufeza imiphumela emihle. Ukubekwa uphawu ungqimba kuyoba okuhlala, ubuso bayo is ayakhekanga isikhunta, ngeke kube kuncike kwamazinyo. Izinzuzo impahla liner angabhekwa kungenzeka nokubeka evele ezahlukene uhlobo:

• ugodo;
• insimbi;
• aphathekako;
• slate flat;
• roll enamathela ubudala;
• netiyela.

Lokhu nokuvikela umswakama ukumelana, olumelana ezindaweni ezinodlame, futhi ukonga. Nokho, ebusweni kumele ngokucophelela kusengaphambili okulungiselelwe. Kubalulekile ukuqeda ngendlela engavamile kangangokuthi idlule 2 mm. Fusing noma gluing kumele kwenziwe ngokukhulu ukucophelela.

Umsebenzi usungaqala, lapho izinga lokushisa rose ngenhla +10 ° C. Ngaphansi isenzo ukucindezeleka mechanical ungadabula impahla, ngakho-ke kuyinto efiselekayo ukuvikela. Kaningi, lokhu namuhla ubuchwepheshe buye benza ukuba zingangenwa ngamanzi isisekelo. Izinhlobo ungangenisi amanzi kubhekwe, ungase unqume ukuthi lezi ongakhetha engavumelani nawe. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa isidingo ukwenza okwengeziwe clamping udonga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka amazinga aphansi ebusweni umswakama ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo into. Uma ukhonkolo yezimvula, amanzi aleli adhesion kuyoba lingekho.

ungangenisi amanzi Paint

Penda osetshenziswayo ungqimba ukushuba kule ezahlukene 3 kuya ku-6 mm. Le filimu batjhuguluka lula futhi ayinaso ezivuzayo. Wena ungangenisi amanzi okunjalo ngaphansi Tile okugeza kungaba kwenziwe. Nokho, yokudweba mastic esetshenziselwa izicelo yangaphandle. Ukusebenzisa lezi izingoma kungenziwa combated nge ebhidlikayo, ukuguguleka komhlabathi kanye imifantu. Njengoba izinto babesebenzisa i-mastic bituminous nezinye izithasiselo ka talc futhi asbestos, kanye izingoma esekelwe zokwenziwa inhlaka. Lezi ubuchwepheshe kuhluke cheapness. Ivelele phakathi izinzuzo umhwamuko permeability nemihuzuko ukumelana. Nokho, zikhona nemiphumela ethile engathandeki, omunye wabo lubonakaliswa fragility. Lokhu enamathela ilungele akubo bazokhonza lapha iminyaka mayelana 6.

Wafutha ungangenisi amanzi liquid

Kaningi-ke okwenziwa napylyaemymymi ketshezi ungangenisi amanzi izinto. Basuke imelelwa polymer-ibitume emulsion, okuyizinto amanzi-based. Izingxube maKristu abizwa futhi iraba ketshezi. Zingaba esalisekela noma ezimbili-ingxenye futhi isicelo Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa imishini ekhethekile. le ndlela yokukhuluma efanele hhayi nje ngobe kutawutfutfukisa engaphansi, kodwa futhi uphahla. Izinzuzo ingashiwo ikhono iraba ketshezi ukugcwalisa ikhule ezimbotsheni ngisho esihle.

Ungangenisi amanzi echibi injoloba ketshezi kwenza ukwakha enamathela hermetic. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale, kufanele ucabangele ezinye nemibi le ndlela, basuke ukuzwakala range lokushisa, okuyinto kufanele igcinwe ngaphakathi kwemingcele ethile. I iraba ketshezi lingasetshenziswa kuphela +5 ° C no ngenhla.

Ngo ukusebenza ungangenisi amanzi ezifana akufanele lilimele. Nanguya wesabe punctures. Ngaphambi enamathela, ebusweni kumele omisiwe futhi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukhona simisiwe. sezwe Inxanxathela kuzodinga lemali umxhwele nakakhulu ezinto kubangela ukwanda intengo imisebenzi. Sishaye ohlushwa isivunguvungu esinamandla, ukuze afeze umsebenzi kudingekile ukulinda izimo ezifanele.

ifinyelela inhliziyo ungangenisi amanzi

Basement ungangenisi amanzi kungaba kwenziwe nge eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini izinto okuyinto bayakwazi ekuvimbeleni capillary ukuvelela amanzi. Ukwakheka lolu hlobo inhlanganisela:

• ejenti asebenzayo chemical;
• kusuka esihle asebenza ngebhethri isihlabathi;
• Portland usimende.

Isicelo Kwenziwa phezu ezimanzi, ngemva kwalokho ukwakheka iza mbeni ngamanzi ukwakha zinhlayiya, ukugcwalisa ama-capillary, imifantu futhi ikhule ezimbotsheni. Ukujula Ukungena ongafinyelela 25 cm. Abanye abakhiqizi zithi ukwakheka lingena kumuntu ka 90 cm ukhonkolo ukujula.

Ungangenisi amanzi engaphansi kwesakhiwo lobu buchwepheshe siyasebenza ngempela. Uma bambe isisekelo ehluleka, ukucutshungulwa kungaba kwenziwe kusuka ngaphakathi. impahla eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini anganqanda izitsha ezahlukene uhlobo silos. Phakathi izinzuzo kunesidingo ukugqamisa kungenzeka umsebenzi emiphongolweni. Kulokhu isisekelo akudingekile sokumba. ebusweni Dry nayo kungadingeki. Ngemva impahla nokuvikela ivikelwe hhayi ngaphandle kuphela kodwa futhi ngaphakathi. Ukulungele ukuba uhlale isikhathi eside impela isikhathi eside. Ukhonkolo unawo amandla ngoba umhwamuko permeability.

Nokuvikela umsebenzi indlu yamapulangwe

Nokuvikela e indlu yamapulangwe kudinga. Ukuze amabhodi phansi ningabi langakufanelekela ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, phakathi isisekelo kanye umqhele engezansi kufanele libekwe ungangenisi amanzi ovundlile. Ngokuvamile wenziwe mastics bituminous kanye roll izinto. Kulezo zindawo, izinto ukuphi ungene ukwesekwa, futhi, kumelwe ahlele ungangenisi amanzi. Ukuze ukhiphe kumiswa ukufingqa egumbini komhlaba kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka izimbobo ukupholisa ezindongeni okuphambene.

Isisekelo ezodingeka ukuze zimboze ngaphandle ketshezi ifilimu noma ungangenisi amanzi izinto. Kusukela ngaphakathi, futhi, kumele nokuvikela. Basement, kulesi simo izohlala ezomile ngisho ngesikhathi izikhukhula entwasahlobo. Njengoba for phansi wokhuni indlu yamapulangwe, kungaba avikelwe ngokubusa zinhlobo ezilandelayo ungangenisi amanzi:

• Paint;
• inkatho;
• Okleechnaya;
• impregnation.

Okleechnaya ungangenisi amanzi kudinga kumiswa mat eqhubekayo ibitume-polymer, ibitume noma polymer izinto. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nge kubekwa ungqimba wokuqala, ipulangwe ibhamuza phansi noma setshe ukhonkolo bahlanza kusuka doti nothuli, futhi kusetshenzwe equalized primer. Uma ukugqagqana izingodo noma ibhodi, kubalulekile ukucubungula compounds isinqandakuvunda futhi ilangabi retardants.

Lokhu kulandelwa kokuqhubeka ebeka impahla ungangenisi amanzi. Emalungeni ethe njo ezingaka phambi kwabo, futhi ungqimba elilandelayo sisiba phezu phezulu mastic, okuyinto kusetshenzwe ngaso impahla odlule esiteji phama. Ngemva ukulungiselela ezinjalo kungenziwa embondelene yokuqedela phansi lokhuni.

ukwahlukanisa of ukufulela impahla

Nokuvikela ukufulela impahla sihlinzekela ukusetshenziswa kwento web, okuyinto esabekwa gluing. On the yendwangu ukufulela kwagcizelela nge mastics bituminous. Viscosity of indaba ingafinyelela imiphumela emihle kakhulu futhi ivikela isizinda, isisekelo noma engaphansi kusukela amanzi Ukungena. Uma nokunamathisela ukufulela impahla kuhlanganiswe ngodaka ngci engaphansi isitini, kuyoba kakhulu bandise nokuphila ungqimba.

Ukusetshenziswa waterglass

ingilazi Liquid isetshenziselwa nokuvikela namuhla kaningi. Njengoba ukwaziswa base uba sodium silicate noma potassium silicate, inketho yokugcina kuyabiza. Isicelo waterglass Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa sprayer noma ibhulashi. Esimweni sokuqala, ingxube siphela ngamanzi Ingxenye 1 kuya kwele 5. Ngakho kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa. ingilazi Liquid ukuvikela ukhuni isikhunta nangesikhunta, okwandisa yayo ukumelana umlilo. Amanzi ingilazi isetshenziswa ukuze ungangenisi amanzi nokuningi njengoba isendlalelo Lesisemkhatsini ngaphambi laying tile noma isicelo se-usimende. Olwelwesini uyakwazi ukuvikela ebusweni ekulimaleni mechanical, isikhunta kumiswa nokuchayeka acid.

Ungangenisi amanzi brand "Ceresit"

Ceresit ungangenisi amanzi ahlinzekwa ukudayiswa ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, CR 65 siyinhlanganisela ezomile emelanayo lokushisa ongaphakeme, is bangaveziwe usawoti alkalis, kanye lula ukusetshenziswa sehlukile. Isicelo kumele kwenziwe nge ibhulashi noma spatula. Imisebenzi kungaba kwenziwe ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwezakhiwo zenkampani.

Ungangenisi amanzi Ceresit ukhonza futhi ukuhlukahluka CL 51 okuyinto ine uhlobo olulodwa ingxenye polymer ukuhlakazwa kanye has ngezinga eliphezulu of kuyaqina. Isetshenziswa endlini futhi uphelele underfloor ungangenisi amanzi.