Izinhlobo ophahleni esithambile. Roof: Izibuyekezo

Eyodwa yezindlela endala idivayisi ophahleni enamathela kubhekwa ophahleni esithambile. Indaba yakhe iqala kanjani umuntu wadonsa emagxolweni kwesihlahla noma isikhumba ezigxotsheni ukuze azivikele elangeni nasemvuleni. Namuhla, noboya ukwakha uphahla Yebo, akekho isebenzisa, kukhona inala ezinye, izinto kakhulu ngempumelelo. Kanye eziningi ubuchwepheshe, ngawo ungenza idivayisi.

Zonke izinhlobo ophahleni ezithambile kunezinzuzo zako kanye nebubi.

isithunzi

Phakathi izinzuzo ophahleni soft lokhu okulandelayo:

• kungenzeka ukuhlela uphahla ezakheke ehlukahlukene kulokulukhuni
• lula ukufakwa, it akudingi ukusetshenziswa imishini esindayo;
• kakhulu izimfanelo ungangenisi amanzi;
• maintainability ezinhle;
• amandla adonsela phansi encane ethize;
• emvuleni akudali umsindo;
• is hhayi obala ukugqwala;
• lapho obandayo esincane imfucuza;
• eziphansi.

nebubi

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo ophahleni elithambile, naphezu eziningi izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle, babe nobubi obuthile. Nakuba isayensi nobuchwepheshe ningemi, futhi izinto ngcono ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ngakho, nebubi:

• isidingo isisekelo okuqhubekayo;
• umlilo okuphansi;
• abampofu izimfanelo ukwahlukanisa;
• futhi uma elimele ingxenye encane edingekayo ukuze esikhundleni lonke ishidi.

Izinhlobo ophahleni ezithambile

Vele nengxenye engaphezu kweyikhulu edlule, isibalo izinto amadivayisi awo kungagcini amagama 2-3-indandatho, phakathi okwakukhona izinhlobo eziningana ukufulela netiyela iphepha ngesisekelo itiyela iphepha elifakwe.

Namuhla, elithambile ukufulela ophahleni izinhlobo yethulwa sebuningini izinto ezihlukahlukene kanye izakhiwo ezahlukene based, ububanzi kanye nokubukeka. kusatholakala izinhlobo ezintsha zale avele cishe nsuku zonke, ngakho kulesi sihloko izozama ukutshela ngisho ngabo ezivamile.

ezimise okwama-tile

Lokhu okuthiwa ezithambile ophahleni bituminous (zinhlobo ke Zihlukahlukene ngesimo kanye nemibala, kodwa ukukhuluma ngakho ngezansi). Siqukethe izingqimba ezintathu. Kwangaphandle - ebonakalayo kithi - it is a chips itshe ezinemibala. Okulandelayo is camera izinhlangothi ezimbili-fiberglass itiyela. Futhi ungqimba ephansi - injoloba-itiyela. Uphinde lokwakha ingcina. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo ophahleni inikeza ngempumelelo enkulu ngokuya ukuvuza (ukumelana namanzi) futhi ngokuphelele ukubekwa uphawu enamathela. izimfanelo zayo yiziphi izinto ezintathu ezibalulekile ukungabi khona delamination, bola kanye ukugqwala. Futhi, uma ufaka nophahla sinjalo Inani elincane imfucuza. Ngokuqhathanisa, uma udala sadlala ukufulela lensimbi ukufinyelela 50%. Ngakho i- ezimise okwama-tile ukuchitha 5% efanelekela enkulu kakhulu kakade.

Lokhu ophahleni ezithambile has ezihlukahlukene izinhlobo. Itholakala anhlobonhlobo imibala ezihlukahlukene omkhulu amafomu: hexagon, iinkwere, Semi-imibuthano; Kuyinto laminate multi-ungqimba futhi Tile.

Inzuzo yayo kungenzeka ukwakha uphahla ne-geometry eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuyinto wenza sikwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende kakhulu ngenkani, kanye ekubonile imiklamo elingavamile abaklami. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uphahla ezinjalo - ngokuphelele noiseless impahla, ngoba kakhulu izakhiwo umsindo nangokuvikela. Isiqinisekiso ke okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-20, kodwa ekuphileni kwangempela afika ku kwamashumi amahlanu.

Phakathi bokwenza wophahla ezinjalo kuphela izindleko ungabahlukanisa, okuyinto siphezulu kunamanye ukuthi metal. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-impahla esebenzayo kudinga base ngokuphelele bushelelezi (lathing of plywood waterproof noma izinkuni ezomile okuyizinto eqolo). abakhiqizi Its main - Ruflex, Icopal, Tegola, "Technonikol".

roll ukufulela

Kuyadingeka ukuba ngokushesha wenze ukubhuka, ukuthi roll ophahleni ezithambile has izinhlobo ezahlukene. Omunye ethandwa kakhulu nengabizi kulesi sigaba materials kubhekwe ukuba evamile kubo bonke ukufulela impahla owaziwa. isisekelo Its ukuba afuthwe ngesibulali ibitume ukufulela wazizwa. Ngemva kwale kwelashwa, zombili embozwe ungqimba ekhethekile, ehlanganisa ingxube ka amaminerali yamathebhu futhi itiyela. Esigabeni yokugcina womshini kuhilela lokunameka ingxenye elingaphandle powdering roll. Kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi le nto ukufulela ophahleni ezahlukene ukuminyana amakhadibhodi.

Impilo inkonzo elinama ezinjalo kuba iminyaka 5. Okwamanje samanje, ubuchwepheshe siguqule kancane, kodwa phansi amakhadibhodi ngokuvamile engeza fiberglass noma i-polyester Indwangu ngendwangu. izinguquko ubuchwepheshe iye yasiza ukwandisa ukuthi ukuhlala phakade impahla kabili.

Enye indwangu ukufulela esithandwayo rubemast, esibonakala njengoba bituminous Kwadlula impahla. umehluko Its main kusuka ukufulela impahla - wokuqukethwe lelisetulu itiyela, esemgwaqweni ezansi ngendwangu.

izinhlobo ezifanayo wophahla elithambile, izithombe ethulwa kulesi sihloko, ukubizwa ngokuthi Fibre nengilazi, futhi Stekloizol Steklomast. isisekelo wabo-fiberglass. Okwamanje samanje okukodwa kokukhethwa kukho eziphambili kakhulu kuhlanganise roll okokusebenza evroruberoid - ulwelwesi ibitume-polymer.

Ngemva kwati izinhlobo roll izinto kuphakama umbuzo ezinengqondo mayelana nokuthi bakuphatha kanjani kukhiqizwa. ubuchwepheshe yabo ukukhiqizwa ilula. Special enamathela ungqimba (ingxube itiyela kanye izithasiselo polymeric) sisetshenziswa kumuntu substrate eyenziwe fiberglass noma i-polyester. Impilo inkonzo okokusebenza engaba ngu-20. Ngakho ethile yayo kuphela kubhekwa ukumelana abampofu okushisa aphansi kudingekile ukunikeza laying okungenani 3-4 izingqimba.

Zonke izinto kuwebhu kudivayisi efanelekayo ngaphansi kophahla kokuba emthambekeni 45 °. Kusukela impahla roll ukufulela has ezingeni sezingeni eliphezulu yokumelana amanzi, isetshenziswa ngisho izindlu ezinophahla oluyisicaba. izinto ezinjalo akhiqizwa uhlobo webs, iziphi ke usike waligingqa ku imiqulu ezinkulu. ububanzi wabo kakhulu 1 m ubude 10-15 m.

ulwelwesi ukufulela

Leli gama kufanele kuvisiswe zonke izinhlobo ezithambile iphuma ukufulela hlobo. izinto ezinjalo akhiqizwa asebentisa tindlela letehlukene:

• ukufulela Polyolefin.
• ukufulela Thermoplastic.
• Ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer ukufulela.
• PVC ukufulela.

Polymer ulwelwesi asetshenziswe West iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50, siye futhi le nto eyaziwa cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amabili. Okwamanje samanje eYurophu ulwelwesi polymer cishe 80% azo zonke izinto ezithambile ukufulela.

It libhekene nezimo, namandla high, isithwathwa ukumelana, isimo sezulu kanye-ozone ukumelana, ukumelana namachibi UV. Iphinde kuyahluka ukuqina - isikhathi sokuphila kwalo Uneminyaka ecishe ibe u-50 ngaphandle ukulungisa.

Ubulula bunikezwa ububanzi elikhulu ulwelwesi, lokhu kunikeza ithuba ukhethe usayizi elilungile zedivayisi lapho ukufulela zezakhiwo zezimboni kanye izakhiwo ezinkulu, okuyinto enciphisa inani ezivuzayo. Ukufakwa ulwelwesi ophahleni kungaba kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nazo unyaka wonke.

Roof: ukubukwa, imicabango yabantu

Namuhla, ungathola eziningi okubuyayo ophahleni esithambile. Abantu ukugubha ikhono ukudala ezihlukahlukene amafomu ophahleni, ukungabi umsindo emvuleni, kalula ukufakwa. Yiqiniso, kanye nazo zonke izibuyekezo omuhle zingatholakala negative, ikakhulukazi ezihlobene isidingo ukusungula endaweni eqinile, okuyinto kudala izindleko ezengeziwe for izinto nemisebenzi amakhosi.

idivayisi ophahleni

Ezinye izinhlobo zayo eziningi ube ukufulela elithambile, izinhlobo zemisebenzi ke futhi ezahlukene, kuya ngokuthi indaba ekhethiwe. Ngokulandelako, cabangela nezidingo jikelele for imiklamo ezahlukene.

semishayweni

Ukuze uthole truss ophahleni enjalo imiklamo akahlukile lonke ezakhiwe ophahleni. Ukukhethwa wukuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo ezinengilazi adinga likhreyithi ezenziwe plywood, ogama isisindo kufanele kunakwe lapho kubalwa amandla.

lathing

Cishe zonke izinhlobo ophahleni elithambile, njengoba sekushiwo, zidinga ikesi plywood. Okungabalulwa ophahleni Ondulina kabani emthambekeni ngaphezulu 12˚. Kulokhu kungenzeka likhreyithi isinyathelo encane ukuthi ezibekwe ngayinye ukhulumele ukwaziswa okuthile.

ukufulela pie

Sekuvele kukhona okuningi izici eziningi. Uma igumbi lapho idivayisi wenziwe ophahleni, ukufuthelana, ke udinga esinye ungqimba ukwahlukanisa, zonke izinto zalolu hlobo babe conductivity eliphezulu kakhulu ezishisayo.

Cishe njalo kunesidingo ukuhlela umusi isithiyo ulwelwesi ukuze kuvimbele ukulimala Batten futhi okuvela ukufingqa. Ezinye izinto kuwebhu ukufakwa ezelekene. Ukuze enamathela ungqimba engenhla ku ukustaka multilayer kohlobo eyimfihlo ishidi.

Isihloko sibuyekezwe izinhlobo esetshenziswa kakhulu futhi owaziwa wophahla esithambile. Ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi lezi zinhlobo zezindwangu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba athole i aesthetically ukujabulisa, ophahleni yesimanje kanye nomklamo eyizingqabavu ngokuphila isikhathi eside.