Izigaba wefilosofi nezici zabo

Ifilosofi - isiyalo ukuthi ufunda imithetho nezimiso engokoqobo ayisisekelo. It ihlose ulwazi nezindaba oyinhloko ekuphileni, ukucacisa uhlobo ubuhlobo bomuntu kanye nezwe. Ingqikithi wefilosofi itholakala impendulo yombuzo othi: kungani? Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kule isayensi iye ukutadisha imibuzo theory, inzuzo yayo nakho kubalulekile, ngoba izimpendulo kuye kwatholakala ukuthi siqonde kangcono ngokoqobo elisizungezile.

Izigaba main wefilosofi

Kukhona izigaba eziningi wefilosofi (inani amayunithi ezingaphezu kuka-50), bahlukile, okokuqala kunakho konke, isihloko cwaningo. Ngakho, anthropology, ifilosofi inikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo ngendoda: indima yayo emhlabeni, umsuka, ungubani nabanye abaningi. Sezenkolo wahlanganyela ukutadisha nezindaba bezinkolo: ubunjalo bukaNkulunkulu, imibono ngakho, uhlola isimo nezinkolelo abanye.

Ekuqaleni izigaba wefilosofi zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu: jikelele zefilosofi, ifilosofi kusho ulwazi, i-theory kanye nama-practical.

Ngakho ivelele kukhona izigaba esemqoka yalolu isayensi:

• sezimiso zokuziphatha;
• sobuhle bayo;
• nefilosofi kwezenhlalo, kwezombusazwe nakwezenkolo;
• ontology;
• logic;
• Metaphysics;
• axiology.

Izigaba wefilosofi, indoda abazinikezele nemisebenzi yakhe

Anthropology. Lesi sigaba Sizokwenza cwaningo ngobunjalo okushiwo indoda, isihlobo sakhe kuNkulunkulu, nemvelo, indima emphakathini, ukuphila nokufa, kanye nezinye izenzakalo. Omunye wabasunguli be isiqondiso German kwekhulu lama-20, Maks Sheler yena waphawula emibhalweni yakhe ukuthi umuntu azi kungenzeki, ngoba ububanzi. Noma kunjalo, isifundo yefilosofi indoda ziqhutshwa kuze kube manje, they nzonzobala ukufuna ukuqonda izimiso ezimbili eziyisisekelo: i-ngiyibona ukuphila nomoya.

nefilosofi Komphakathi. Lapha, isihloko cwaningo ukhonza umphakathi, kanye nomlingiswa komuntu kuso. Into cwaningo ifilosofi kuletha yokuhlalisana kwabantu theory, kodwa umehluko yabo wukuthi nefilosofi has a umsebenzi ezibucayi, futhi inquma imithetho kwabantu.

nefilosofi Political. Lesi sigaba Sizokwenza cwaningo imibono yezombusazwe, amagugu kanye okushiwo lesi simanga. Godu bathuthukisa zindlela ngazo kungahlolwa nokuhlaziwa ukuhlobana okukhona phakathi kwesimo, umphakathi kanye ngabanye.

nefilosofi sezenkolo. Lokhu isiqondiso ingokuhlola ubuhlobo boPhezukonke nokuqala izinto. Lesi sigaba, ngokungafani yenkolo, bekulokhu ukulungisiswa nekutsi uphetsa ngalokufanele yini.

Amaforamu nefilosofi wokuba

Metaphysics. Lona ungomunye izingxenye ezibalulekile kakhulu ifilosofi, ngoba Iphathelene nezindaba eziphathelene nokuba. Lapha sifunda imvelo yokuqala emhlabeni futhi ngokoqobo. Ngisho nasezikhathini zasendulo, lapho nefilosofi kusungulwa, Metaphysics elinikwe okubalulekile. Ngokusekelwe lokhu, kukhona amagatsha amathathu: yasendulo, i-classical zanamuhla.

Ontology. Lokhu kwesigaba unganakile nsé Metaphysics, kodwa kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi ezimbili: in the ontology of umcabango yefilosofi enikelwe imigomo yokuba nezigaba zezinto.

Izigaba wefilosofi, anikezelwe ukucabanga kanye nombono

Axiology. Kule ngxenye, sasi- ekutadisheni amagugu kanye nokuthuthukiswa eyeza nezazi zezinkanyezi ezikhuluma ngabo. Ngokokuqala ngqá ukukhuluma ngawo, uSocrates, ogama zibona abangu zihlose kakhulu ukuqonda embuzweni: iyini inzuzo?

Yokuziphatha. Isihloko esikhulu se-cwaningo kwesimilo - zokuziphatha futhi izimiso zokuhle. Lapha, ucabangela nesimo salezi imiqondo, izinhlobo kanye nezici, futhi ukufunda izinguquko zabo futhi indima emphakathini. ukunakwa okuningi ikhokhelwa ekutadisheni nenqubo okuhle nokubi, injongo yokuphila, ubulungiswa kanye efanele.

Aesthetics. Lokhu sigaba Sizokwenza emfundisweni okushiwo ubuhle kanye namafomu yalo yokuphila, imvelo kanye indalo ngobuciko. Ngomqondo jikelele sobuhle bayo kuncike - ubuciko injalo indlela abazizwa ngayo.

Logic. Lokhu isayensi yokucabanga komuntu, izindlela zayo, imithetho kanye namafomu. Isigaba Into - bokusungula umsebenzi engqondweni yethu, okuyinto amaphetheni futhi wafundelwa lesi siyalo.

Izigaba wefilosofi akugcini okungenhla, lezo ethulwa nazi generalized kakhulu.