Izifo esweni. Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa.

Amehlo - yisona sakhiwo esihle kunazo zonke emzimbeni womuntu. Esebenzisa umuntu uthola u-80% lonke ulwazi oluvela ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nokulahlekelwa umbono kwelinye iso yebhangqa kuyinhlekelele enkulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Nciphisa noma ukulahleka umbono singenzeka ngenxa yezici azalwa naso noma bathenga.

izifo Eye ihlukaniswa kanje:

1. azalwa naso

a. kunqunywa zofuzo

b. heritable

ngenxa ukutheleleka intrauterine

2. Ukuthola

a. ezithathelwanayo kanye ukuvuvukala

b. ukulimala

e. uhlelo (ihlobene namanye amalwele amakhulu)

of kwalungiswa izinkunga zokubona (myopia, hyperopia)

Kuze kube manje, izibalo wukuthi ukuthi babé yinto inkinga okwandisa eyishumi edlule, izifo esweni: khudlwana kwesifo i-glaucoma kanye ulwelwesi esweni e abadala, namaphesenti ikhuphuke kakhulu phakathi izingane ka ukubona eduze (myopia). Ngenxa ukugeleza enkulu ulwazi engenayo per unit isikhathi, ukuthuthukiswa computerization, ayanda ukupholisa air conditioning ubuchwepheshe, futhi ukusetshenziswa ezahlukene microwave ubuchwepheshe ikhuphuke kakhulu isibalo sabantu wekutfutfukisa noma yathuthukiswa izinyembezi syndrome. Lokho kubanika, ngokuvamile kuholela ukukhathala okusheshayo, amajaqamba amehlo futhi ukulahlekelwa umbono kusihlwa (presbyopia).

Nokho, naphezu okwandisa kwesifo amazinga, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa zamehlo (isayensi study izifo esweni kubantu) eminyakeni yamuva wangenela kakhulu phambili. Minyaka yonke kukhona abaningi ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuhlonzwe, ukwelashwa kanye nokuvimbela izifo esweni.

Manje kukhona lenqwaba emitholampilo yangasese anemisila imishini angaphandle kanye nethuba ukuqhuba imisebenzi microsurgical ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlinzwa cataract kuthatha imizuzu amabili kuphela namuhla, kodwa umuntu ngeke ukwazi ukushiya umtholampilo ngosuku olufanayo wayekubona.

Kufanele ishiwo izindlela ukuxilongwa. Namuhla, imithi linayo le mishini njengoba ultrasound iso, optical ukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemisho tomography (OCT), okuyinto ikuvumela ukuba ubone yonke izakhiwo iso ngongqimba ezingeni kwezicubu, fundus ikhamera, lapho ufuna ukukubona konke okuhilelekile we fundus futhi ifotho ke.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi lesi sifo iso ngokuvamile ziyabulala cha, abantu bezama zonke izindlela ukuze alondoloze umbono futhi bazimisele ukukhokha imali, nje ukubheka leli zwe.

Ukwelashwa kwezifo of iso.

Ngokuya ekwelapheni imithi amehlo futhi intuthuko striding kanye imingcele unyaka ngamunye ukukhiqiza izidakamizwa amasha angenza noma ukwelapha noma ayeke ukuthuthukiswa izifo iso.

Ezimakethe ezithaka imithi kukhona okunhlobonhlobo ezahlukene iso amaconsi yokugcoba kanye amaphilisi zamehlo, kuhlanganise namavithamini.

Kube etiotrop izidakamizwa (okuhloswe ngqo imbangela) okuyiwa ke namagciwane (Tobrex, maksitrol), anti-nomzimba (Opatanol, alomid), antiinflammatory (Maksideks).

Manje ukusatshalaliswa enkulu yatholwa izidakamizwa yokunciphisa izingcindezi intraocular (IOP) e-glaucoma, ezifana Travatan, Duotrav, Betoptik, Azopt, Kuzimolol njll

Ukuze ekwelapheni izinguquko ezihlukahlukene esiwohlozayo kwe-retina (retinopathy of prematurity, retinopathy sikashukela, sokuwohloka ukucindezeleka kwangemva kwenhlekelele, neuropathy noma enkabeni yedolobha-retina), e kokubili abadala kanye nezingane isicelo Retinalamin umuthi omusha enikezela ukushukuma ukuvuselelwa (sokubuyiselwa) yeseli isakhiwo retina.